Fundamentals Of Management: Essential Concepts And Applications 9th Edition

A state motor vehicles agency that is interested in serving the public might choose to measure ________. A) total revenue rather than customer wait time B) total customers rather than total revenue C) customer wait time rather than total customers D) employee turnover rather than customer wait time Answer: CExplanation: C) Since the agency is

Which of the following is the best example of a company being socially responsive? A) meeting hazardous materials standards B) giving Christmas bonuses to worthy employees C) displaying "think green" posters D) building a community day-care center Answer: DExplanation: D) Social responsiveness requires that an organization respond to some socialneed that has been identified within

Having leadership traits alone is not useful for identifying who is likely to be a leader. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Leadership traits have been shown to explain why certain individuals are effective leaders, but they do not explain who is likely to be a leader and who is not. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Leadership traits have

The reality is that managers are more unethical than in the past. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The reality is that the percentage of employees who witnessed ethical misconduct at work fell to a recent new low. And a large majority of employees believe that discipline for wrongdoing would be applied across all levels

Traditional career development in which an individual advances through the ranks of a single organization is more popular than ever. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Traditional single organization career development has all but disappeared in today's work world. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Traditional single organization career development has all but disappeared in today's work world. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Traditional

Maximizing value means a decision will have the best possible outcome for the parties involved. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Maximizing value is a matter of making a decision that results in the ideal, orbest possible, solution. A baseball manager, for example, wants to make a decision that will not only score runs, a

Robert Owen tried to develop ________ to improve the workplace conditions in factories. A) managerial scheduling methods B) what he termed the idealistic workplace C) general administrative theory D) industrial psychology Answer: BExplanation: B) Robert Owen was appalled by the conditions that workers were subjected to and in response developed the idea of the

Today's economic climate can be compared to a college class that ________. A) focuses on only one topic all semester B) focuses on several topics during the semester C) may last 20 minutes or 3 hours D) lasts exactly 1 hour Answer: CExplanation: C) The key to understanding today's economic climate is that things are

An organization's founder has little influence on its culture. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The founder's values and attitudes typically establish all key elements of an organization's culture. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The founder's values and attitudes typically establish all key elements of an organization's culture. Answer: FALSE Explanation: The founder's values and attitudes typically establish all key elements

Most job training does not take place on the job. Answer: FALSEExplanation: On-the-job training is the simplest and most inexpensive way to train employees. It is the most popular form of job training in the United States. Answer: FALSEExplanation: On-the-job training is the simplest and most inexpensive way to train employees. It

In McGregor's theory of motivation, managers with a Theory Y view of life think people need to be given the freedom to make their own choices. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Theory Y assumes that freedom and choice are essential for motivating people as opposed to fear and coercion. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Theory Y assumes that

Stress can arise from an opportunity. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Demands, constraints, and opportunities all can cause people to feel stress. Opportunities are stressful because people get anxious when they know a lot is "on the line." Answer: TRUEExplanation: Demands, constraints, and opportunities all can cause people to feel stress. Opportunities are stressful because

Because profit, or the "bottom line," is not the measure of success for not-for-profit organizations, managers of charitable organizations do not have to concern themselves with the financial aspects of their organizations. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Managers of non-profit organizations are interested in the financial aspects oftheir organizations primarily for reasons of efficiency.

In value chain management, activities are eliminated from the organizational process if they do not add value to the process. Answer: TRUEExplanation: At each step of the organizational process, managers ask, "How is value being added here?" If value is not being added, the step is eliminated. Answer: TRUEExplanation: At each step

Unity of command means that all employees should answer to only one superior. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Fayol's unity of command principle means that a worker should receive orders from only one superior. Fayol thought that the idea of unity of command could prevent conflicts and ambiguity. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Fayol's unity of command

Which of the following is a key difference between managerial and nonmanagerial employees? A) Managerial employees receive higher pay compensation. B) Nonmanagerial employees have less formal education. C) Nonmanagerial employees do not oversee the work of others. D) Managerial employees work longer hours. Answer: CExplanation: C) The distinction between managerial and nonmanagerial employees residessolely in

Herzberg has had the greatest influence on which of the following? A) employee pay scales B) work conditions C) how managers design jobs D) labor-management relations Answer: CExplanation: C) Herzberg's motivation-hygiene ideas have been given credit for spawning interest in job design and contributing in a major way to the Job Characteristics Model, themost complete

Decisions, Decisions (Scenario) Sondra needed help. Her insurance company's rapid growth was necessitating making some IT changes, but what changes? Should they modify the servers that they currently used or purchase an entirely new system? Sondra was confused and needed help in making the correct decision. Sondra has determined that the speed

The best way to measure the effectiveness of job training is to find out how stressful the process was for trainees. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Impressions of trainees are not very valuable as a measure of training effectiveness. The best way to measure the effectiveness of training is to observe productivity of trainees after

Equity theory has three referent categories to which workers compare themselves: persons, systems, and self. Answer: TRUEExplanation: In equity theory, referents are entities to which a person compares him- or herself. A referent can be another person who holds a similar job or a system he or she is familiar with,

Norming is a stage of group development that occurs when ________. A) the group struggles for leadership B) the group defines its purpose C) the group develops cohesiveness D) the group defines its goals Answer: CExplanation: C) The group defines its purpose and goals during the forming, not the norming, stage, so the choices regarding

Today's workplaces provide a wide range of scheduling options and benefits that allow employees more flexibility at work and allow them to better balance or integrate their work and personal lives. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Many different options exist for today's workers, including flextime, job sharing, telecommuting, and using compressed work weeks. All

A job description states the minimum qualifications a person needs to perform a job successfully. Answer: FALSEExplanation: A job specification, not a job description, states the minimum qualifications a person needs to perform a job successfully. A job description is a written description of what the job is and the duties

It is a wise idea to cultivate job skills that are rare and useful in the marketplace. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Having unique and useful skills makes a job seeker desirable to employers. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Having unique and useful skills makes a job seeker desirable to employers. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Having unique and useful skills makes

Equity theory holds that employees who feel underpaid will decrease their level of effort and performance in response to feelings of inequity. Answer: TRUEExplanation: An underpaid individual will see inequity as discouraging and dispiriting. The more unfair the individual sees the situation to be, the less likely he or she is

A manager is considering purchasing new computers for her department. The manager spends time assessing the computers her department now has. Which stage of the decision-making process is she going through? A) identification of a problem B) identification of decision criteria C) development of alternatives D) implementation of an alternative Answer: AExplanation: A) The first

Verbal intonation can be a part of written communication. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Verbal intonation is strictly a tonal enhancement to spoken words, so the statement is false. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Verbal intonation is strictly a tonal enhancement to spoken words, so the statement is false. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Verbal intonation is strictly a tonal enhancement to

Which of the following is NOT a reason why managers often resort to using heuristics? A) They seem to eliminate complexity. B) They seem to eliminate ambiguity. C) They save time. D) They thoroughly explore all alternatives. Answer: DExplanation: D) The one thing that a heuristic does not do is explore all alternatives for solving

You would expect an entrepreneur who has a grand vision for the future to be more of a risk taker than an entrepreneur who is using his or her venture simply as a source of income. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Entrepreneurs who are seeking ambitious growth tend to be risk takers. Entrepreneurs who

The decision of an organization to bring in new equipment from the outside is an example of an external force that creates a need for organizational change. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The decision to purchase the equipment comes from inside the company. Therefore, the decision is an internal, not an external, force that

Each link in a value chain adds an equal amount of value to a product. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Different steps can add different amounts of value. Cutting a diamond adds an enormous amount of value to the diamond. Mounting the diamond also adds value but not as much as cutting. Putting the

One reason that empowerment is important in today's business climate is that managers today tend to have smaller spans of control than managers of the past. Answer: FALSEExplanation: In fact, today's managers, due to downsizing and efficiency efforts, have larger, not smaller, spans of control than managers of the past. A

________ is the unique combination of psychological traits that describe a person. A) Character B) Intelligence C) Behavior D) Personality Answer: DExplanation: D) Personality is defined as the combination of emotional patterns, thought patterns, and behavioral patterns that make a person unique and special. None of the other choices fits this definition, so "character," "intelligence,"

Recruitment (Scenario) Keena's company was expanding. After a period of downsizing, the company had decided to increase organizational profitability by gaining market share, which meant a need for more people. As assistant manager of human resources, she was in the process of evaluating what would be the most effective means of

The Ohio State studies suggested that leaders who were high in structure and low in consideration were most successful. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The Ohio State studies suggested that high-high leaders got the best results-leaders who were high in both structure and consideration. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The Ohio State studies suggested that high-high leaders got

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator test can identify thousands of different basic personality types. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator recognizes sixteen different basic personality types based on four personality dichotomies. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator recognizes sixteen different basic personality types based on four personality dichotomies. Answer: FALSE Explanation: The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

We all have a vested interest in understanding the way organizations are managed because ________. A) we all stand to gain financially from organizational profits B) we interact with organizations every day of our lives C) we all depend on organizations for employment D) organizations dictate every facet of our lives Answer: BExplanation: B) Many

Situational leadership theory (SLT) states that an R3 worker who is able but unwilling to perform a task responds best to a selling leadership style. Answer: FALSEExplanation: SLT states that a participating style in which the leader shares in decision making to get the worker involved works best with an able

Neil Huffman Auto group claims that every dollar it spends on training ultimately results in $230 in productivity gains. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Though it is not clear how applicable this data is in a general sense, it is clear that training is cost-effective and can boost productivity in significant ways. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Though

Prior to the Hawthorne studies, managers paid little attention to the role of ________ in making decisions. A) productivity B) human behavior C) efficiency D) cost control Answer: BExplanation: B) Efficiency, productivity, and cost control were always factors that managers paid attention to, both before and after the Hawthorne studies were conducted, so those responses

McGregor holds the opinion that managers are less successful when they adopt a Theory Y view of human nature. Answer: FALSEExplanation: McGregor advocated a Theory Y view nature in his approach to management.He thought that people responded better when managers adhered to a Theory Y approach and people were given responsibility

Providing motivation is part of the controlling function of management. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Motivating employees falls under the category of leadership for a manager, not controlling. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Motivating employees falls under the category of leadership for a manager, not controlling. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Motivating employees falls under the category of leadership for a manager,

Creative solutions to problems are valued because they are new and different from traditional solutions. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Creative solutions are valued only if they solve problems in ways that are superior to conventional solutions. Often, solving a problem in a creative way can give a company a competitive edge on its

An example of a change in structure is an organization becoming more decentralized. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Examples of structural changes include changes in authority, how the organization is coordinated, how jobs are designed, and span of control. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Examples of structural changes include changes in authority, how the organization is coordinated, how

According to Herzberg, in order to provide employees with job satisfaction, managers should concentrate on ________. A) salary and status B) working conditions C) achievement and recognition D) security Answer: CExplanation: C) Of the choices provided, only achievement and recognition identify what Herzberg called motivators that are determining factors for job satisfaction. Salary, status, working

Body language and facial expressions are the only forms of nonverbal communication. Answer: FALSEExplanation: In addition to body language and facial expressions, tone of voice is a major form of nonverbal communication that conveys a great deal of information. Answer: FALSEExplanation: In addition to body language and facial expressions, tone of voice

During the third step of the planning and organizing phase of an entrepreneurial venture, an entrepreneur ________. A) selects an organizational design B) creates a business plan C) states a mission D) selects a legal business organization form Answer: DExplanation: D) The first step of the planning and organizing phase of the entrepreneurial process involves

Managers should especially try to avoid conflict during the storming stage of group development. Answer: FALSEExplanation: During the storming stage of group development, managers should expect conflict, rather than try to avoid it. Answer: FALSEExplanation: During the storming stage of group development, managers should expect conflict, rather than try to avoid it. Answer:

A sneaker company creating its own stores where it sells only its own brand is an example of which of the following? A) forward vertical integration B) backward horizontal integration C) forward horizontal integration D) reverse vertical integration Answer: AExplanation: A) The company is taking control of its distribution here, which is an example of

Attitudes are evaluative statements concerning objects, people, or events. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Attitudes are statements that reveal an assessment of something that can be favorable or unfavorable. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Attitudes are statements that reveal an assessment of something that can be favorable or unfavorable. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Attitudes are statements that reveal an assessment of

Technical skills might include ________. A) excellent verbal skills B) proficiency in computer programming C) exceptional writing ability D) decision-making ability Answer: BExplanation: B) Technical skills typically involve the mastery of some kind of specialized technology or technique that is helpful for a job. Verbal skills and writing ability are too general to qualify as

A new cell phone battery doubles battery life but also increases the cost of the phone. This battery adds ________. A) no value to the phone since it increases the cost B) value to the phone only if the cost can be cut C) value to the phone if more customers buy the

A single business cannot experience both underperformance and overperformance at the same time. Answer: FALSEExplanation: As the example in the chapter reading shows, one part of a business can exceed goals while another segment can underperform. Therefore, both phenomena can occur at the same time. Answer: FALSEExplanation: As the example in the chapter

Open-book management programs motivate by giving employees a greater sense of ownership in the company. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Open-book management allows employees to see how their actions and decisions affect the company as a whole. With a stake in the company and its future, employees can be motivated to work harder and

A diversification strategy focuses on a company becoming its own supplier of inputs. Answer: FALSEExplanation: A company becoming its own supplier describes backward vertical integration, not diversification. Answer: FALSEExplanation: A company becoming its own supplier describes backward vertical integration, not diversification. Answer: FALSE Explanation: A company becoming its own supplier describes backward vertical integration,

Organizational change can be any alteration in an organization's people, structure, or technology. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Organizational change is defined as change in structure, technology, or the people in an organization. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Organizational change is defined as change in structure, technology, or the people in an organization. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Organizational change is defined

MBO programs usually are successful largely because they ________. A) give employees a sense of ownership of goals B) free managers from the responsibility of setting goals C) give managers a sense of ownership of goals D) free employees from responsibility if goals are not met Answer: AExplanation: A) MBO goals do not free managers

How do global supply chains resemble biological organisms? A) Global supply chains are highly resilient in many ways, yet show marked vulnerability to seemingly small events. B) Global supply chains are highly resilient in many ways, yet they show a marked need for increasing amounts of energy. C) Global supply chains are highly

A command-and-control leadership style works best with an entrepreneurial organization that is organized in teams. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Teams respond much better to a coach-and-collaboration leadership style thana command-and-control leadership style. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Teams respond much better to a coach-and-collaboration leadership style thana command-and-control leadership style. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Teams respond much better to a

Research shows that there is a fairly strong correlation between high satisfaction and high productivity. Answer: TRUEExplanation: In general, the more satisfied a person is with his or her job, the more productive he or she is likely to be. Answer: TRUEExplanation: In general, the more satisfied a person is with his

The decision tree shows the profit outcomes for a sandwich shop in a strong and a weak economy. If the economy is weak, the shop is likely to make 60 percent of a $25,000 profit, or $15,000. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The profit from a weak economy is the full $25,000 as shown in

Customer service cannot be considered a strategic weapon for an organization. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Anything that a company has or does that gives it an edge on its competition qualifies as a strategic weapon. Since customer service can serve as such an edge, it can beconsidered a strategic weapon. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Anything that

The more uncertain a situation is, the more ________ plans must be. A) unspecific B) long term C) flexible D) short term Answer: CExplanation: C) In a situation of high uncertainty, both flexibility and specificity are important. A plan must be specific but also flexible so it can be changed if the situation requires it.

Organizational culture largely determines how much risk members of an organization will take. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The amount of risk that employees are willing to take is largely communicated through organizational culture. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The amount of risk that employees are willing to take is largely communicated through organizational culture. Answer: TRUE Explanation: The amount

In the JCM, autonomy and feedback are not core dimensions for a job. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The JCM sees skill variety, task identity, and task significance as the core dimensions that give work meaning. Those three dimensions combine with autonomy and feedback to create jobs that workers are motivated to perform. Answer: FALSEExplanation:

Some messages do not need to be converted to symbolic forms to be sent. Answer: FALSEExplanation: All messages need to be converted to symbols before they are sent. Spoken messages are converted to words. Written messages are converted to letters. Nonverbal messages are converted to gestures and movements. Answer: FALSEExplanation: All messages

One major way that an organization can protect itself against sexual harassment cases is to make sure that all employees are well educated on the topic. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The more employees know about harassment and the trouble it causes, the less likely they will be to engage in the behavior. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The

In the integrated model for motivation as shown in the chapter reading, high achievers circumvent the entire sequence of steps for motivation because ________. A) they are motivated by the organization's assessment of their performance B) they are internally motivated, not motivated by rewards C) they are motivated by rewards only, not by

A corporate strategy may be a growth strategy, a stability strategy, or a renewal strategy. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The three major corporate strategies are growth strategies that focus on expansion, stability strategies that focus on maintaining position, and renewal strategies that focus on fixing problems. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The three major corporate strategies are

Productivity is not important to value chain management. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Though value chain management is more effective than efficiency oriented, productivity is still important. For example, customers may want a great pair of sneakers, but they also want the sneakers to have a reasonable price. Thus, steps along the value chain

Of the following choices, this is the most common reason for companies firing employees. A) misuse of office phones B) inappropriate computer use C) watching online video D) leaking company secrets Answer: BExplanation: B) Though abuse of office telephones is a major concern for companies, it is small compared to overall inappropriate computer use, which

In a matrix structure, a group member will typically report to ________. A) a project manager only B) both a project manager and functional department head C) a functional department head only D) Group members are fully autonomous in a matrix structure, so they don't report to anyone. Answer: BExplanation: B) Since group members in

A manager would most likely be interested in employees' attitudes about which of the following? A) family responsibility B) personal responsibility C) job satisfaction D) past jobs Answer: CExplanation: C) Managers are most interested in attitudes that affect the performance of employees on the job. Family or personal responsibility may be important to a person,

Almost all managerial tasks involve ________. A) decision making B) technical skills C) long-term planning D) superb political skills Answer: AExplanation: A) Some managerial tasks, such as motivating store employees, require little or no technical skill or long-term planning. Employee motivation employs a modicum of political skill - e.g., to enlist people to your cause

Some organizational tasks are better done individually than in a team or group. Answer: TRUEExplanation: To find out whether a task is best performed by a group or an individual, three tests are recommended, using the following questions: (1) Can the work be done better by a single person? (2) Does

Who was most likely to have a job that was free of discrimination? A) a white person in a wheelchair in 1997 B) an African American person in 1962 C) an Asian American person in a wheelchair in 1989 D) a 75-year-old white person in 1963 Answer: AExplanation: A) Age discrimination laws weren't enacted until

Individuals tend to attribute their own successes to external factors. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Individuals tend to attribute success to inner qualities such as effort and talent, rather than external qualities such as good fortune. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Individuals tend to attribute success to inner qualities such as effort and talent, rather than external qualities

Capabilities are "what" an organization has; resources are "how" it uses what it has. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The statement has it reversed. Capabilities are what an organizational can do; resources are strengths and assets that it has. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The statement has it reversed. Capabilities are what an organizational can do; resources are

Members of a company sharing efficient shortcuts in a complex computer software program is an example of knowledge management. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Knowledge management involves sharing things that people in an organization learn. When knowledge is managed, if one part of the organization works out the process for solving a problem, other

A conclusion that engineers from the Hawthorne studies made was that people behave ________ when they are being observed. A) differently B) consistently C) naturally D) comfortably Answer: AExplanation: A) Conclusions from the Hawthorne studies included the idea that being observed caused individuals to behave in ways that they wouldn't behave if they were not

Deming's total quality management system largely ignored the needs of customers. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Instead, Deming's TQM system focused almost exclusively on responding to the expectations and needs of the customer. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Instead, Deming's TQM system focused almost exclusively on responding to the expectations and needs of the customer. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Instead, Deming's

Formal groups tend to form around friendships and common interests. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Informal, rather than formal, groups tend to form around common interests and friendships. Formal groups are usually organized by an organization for a specific purpose. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Informal, rather than formal, groups tend to form around common interests and friendships.

The control process is a two-step process that measures and compares. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The control process is a three-step, not a two-step, process that includes measuring performance, comparing performance against a standard, and taking action, if necessary.[/cpmembership] Answer: FALSEExplanation: The control process is a three-step, not a two-step, process that includes measuring

All criteria are equally important in the decision-making process. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Criteria have differing values depending on their importance. The importanceof an individual criterion is indicated by how it is weighted. The greater the weight assigned to the criterion, the greater its importance. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Criteria have differing values depending on their

Disagreeable team members rarely decrease team performance. Answer: FALSEExplanation: One or more disagreeable team members are known to drag down the performance of an entire team. Answer: FALSEExplanation: One or more disagreeable team members are known to drag down the performance of an entire team. Answer: FALSE Explanation: One or more disagreeable team members

Gen Y individuals tend to be comfortable with new types of electronic technology. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Most Gen Y individuals grew up with many kinds of electronic devices, so they are comfortable with new devices. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Most Gen Y individuals grew up with many kinds of electronic devices, so they are comfortable

Verbal intonation refers to how loud the speaker speaks. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Verbal intonation is involved with how the speaker emphasizes specific words and phrases, not the volume of speech. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Verbal intonation is involved with how the speaker emphasizes specific words and phrases, not the volume of speech. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Verbal intonation

In traditional goal setting, as they work their way from top management to employees, goals are likely to ________. A) become more clear B) be more rigorously followed C) be unchanged D) become less clear Answer: DExplanation: D) As they filter down from level to level, goals repeatedly get reinterpreted and distorted, making the choice

Neural networks outperform expert systems in uncovering ________. A) credit card fraud B) false positives for pregnancy C) potential credit card customers D) credit problems in bank mortgages Answer: AExplanation: A) Expert systems were flawed in dealing with credit card fraud in that they kept giving false positives - finding fraud where it didn't exist.

A company with a stability strategy will plan to dramatically increase market share in a highly competitive market. Answer: FALSEExplanation: A stability strategy would tend to focus on maintaining existing market share rather than increasing market share. Answer: FALSEExplanation: A stability strategy would tend to focus on maintaining existing market share rather

Fixed costs for a product are $60,000. The product itself sells for $4.00 and it costs $1.00 to make each product. How will the break-even point for the product change if the variable cost per unit goes up to $1.50? A) The break-even point will increase by 4000. B) The break-even point

Horizontal boundaries separate employees by the specialization of their job. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Horizontal boundaries mark the difference between, for example, an ad executive and a member of a creative advertising team. Both may have equal ranks in the organization, but they are separated by what they do.[/cpmembership] Answer: TRUEExplanation: Horizontal boundaries mark

This regret matrix gives values for strategies S1, S2, and S3 for the Bigg Company and competitive strategies CA1, CA2, and CA3 for the Large Company. The maximum regrets for this table are S1 = 5, S2 = 9, S3 = 12. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The maximum regret is the greatest value

Implementing a procedure requires more judgment and interpretation than implementing a policy. Answer: FALSEExplanation: A procedure is a series of steps that must be followed to arrive at a decision, each of the steps being clear and straightforward. A policy provides guidelines rather than steps for the decision maker to follow.

The best way to define the term career is as a ________. A) series of tasks B) series of jobs or work positions over a period of a few years C) series of jobs or work positions over a period of a lifetime D) single lifelong job Answer: CExplanation: C) Traditionally, careers were thought

The study of economics is useful only to top managers. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Economics is useful to all managers because it deals with topics that are oftendirectly related to business such as finance, markets, competition, and the allocation of resources. Understanding these subjects can give managers insight into how to analyze the

Which term is most closely associated with transformational leaders? A) charming B) efficient C) far-seeing D) inspiring Answer: DExplanation: D) A transformational leader is first and foremost inspiring, making "inspiring" the correct response. Charming describes a charismatic leader more than a transformational leader. Efficient may describe a transactional leader. Far-seeing best matches a visionary leader. Answer:

In order to be considered a manager, an individual must direct or oversee the work of others. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Directing and overseeing work distinguishes managers from nonmanagerial employees. Managers direct and oversee work of others. Nonmanagerial employees have no supervisory responsibilities. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Directing and overseeing work distinguishes managers from nonmanagerial employees.

Factories in the Industrial Revolution needed to forecast demand to make sure that workers were paid fairly. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The reason to forecast demand was not to make sure that workers were well paid but to make sure that there were enough supplies and trained workers to satisfy the demand. Answer: FALSEExplanation:

A team's upholder-maintainer would likely submit the team's request for a large increase in resources to top management. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The upholder-maintainer represents the team and its interests to the outer world, so he or she would be likely to take a request for more resources to top management. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The upholder-maintainer

An aggressive new competitor in the marketplace is an external force that creates a need for organizational change that companies frequently face today. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Competition is an example of external force that creates a need for organizational change. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Competition is an example of external force that creates a need

The "calm waters" metaphor imagines the organization as a large ship crossing a calm sea. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The "calm waters" metaphor envisions the organization to be very large and fairly imperturbable, like a large ship. The "waves" of the 'sea" may affect the ship, but they don't threaten its stability. Answer: TRUEExplanation:

Another term for queuing theory is "waiting line" theory. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Queuing theory is concerned with the costs and benefits of using a facility, such as a bank teller station or a gas station. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Queuing theory is concerned with the costs and benefits of using a facility, such as a

Motivation theories do not work well in U.S. organizations because of the emphasis Americans place on individualism and achievement. Answer: FALSEExplanation: The value that Americans place on individualism and achievement makes them particularly well-matched to motivation theories. In more collectivist societies, motivation can work on different premises and principles and be

A heuristic can simplify the decision-making process. Answer: TRUEExplanation: A heuristic is a rule of thumb that is used to simplify the decision-making process by allowing the decision maker to focus on just a few variables rather than all variables. When used wisely, heuristics make decision making easier and simpler. Answer: TRUEExplanation:

The 10,000 hour rule supports the idea that success is mostly hard work. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The 10,000 rule is based on observation of highly successful people. It states that most of them put in about 10 years of 1,000 hours of hard work - almost 4 full hours every working day

The business world cannot count on regulation to reform the economy. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Regulation can go only so far. In order for true reform to occur, business people need to assume a new mindset. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Regulation can go only so far. In order for true reform to occur, business people need

The development or identification of objectives or standards must precede the control process. Answer: TRUEExplanation: The measurement of performance during the control process must have some standard to measure against. Usually the standard is set during the planning phase of the operation being carried out, before the control process begins. Answer: TRUEExplanation:

Technical skills involve a manager's ability to think logically and effectively about abstract situations. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Thinking logically about abstract situations is a conceptual skill rather than a technical skill. Answer: FALSEExplanation: Thinking logically about abstract situations is a conceptual skill rather than a technical skill. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Thinking logically about abstract situations

Licensing and franchising typically follow the export-import phase of globalization. Answer: TRUEExplanation: An example of licensing would be to sell the rights to bottle a well-known soft drink to a plant in another country. A franchise might allow restaurants to use a well-known chain's name and products in another country. Answer: TRUEExplanation:

If you believe that you control your own destiny, then your personality would be described as having a(n) ________. A) external locus of control B) high Mach score C) low Mach score D) internal locus of control Answer: DExplanation: D) Locus of control reflects how much responsibility a person takes for his orher own actions.

The thing that makes your product special is known as your ________. A) assets B) destruction device C) competitive advantage D) competitive strength Answer: CExplanation: C) A competitive advantage is something that one organization has that other organizations cannot offer. A competitive advantage can be a product, service, or some other quality that sets the

Which role does uncertainty typically play in how managers function? A) Uncertainty limits the amount of information that is available. B) Uncertainty increases the amount of information that is available. C) Uncertainty improves the quality of information that is available. D) Uncertainty enhances the information that is available. Answer: AExplanation: A) Uncertainty causes managers to

In Herzberg's view, removing a hygiene factor makes a person less dissatisfied with his or her job. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Herzberg's hygiene factors are extrinsic sources of dissatisfaction. Removing or improving a hygiene factor results in reducing job dissatisfaction. Answer: TRUEExplanation: Herzberg's hygiene factors are extrinsic sources of dissatisfaction. Removing or improving a