The development or identification of objectives or standards must precede the control
process.
This payoff matrix gives values for strategies S1, S2, and S3 for the Bigg Company and
competitive strategies CA1, CA2, and CA3 for the Large Company. From Bigg’s point
of view, the S2 maximum regret is 9.
Labor markets are an internal force that creates a need for organizational change.
An organization that fails to plan will find it hard to assess progress.
Downsizing can be as stressful for the survivors as it is for the victims.
In Maslow’s system, a person takes care of social needs before worrying about personal
safety.
If the legal structure of an entrepreneurial venture does not turn out to be ideal, it can
always be changed easily once the organization is up and running.
An effective control system can help managers delegate authority to employees with
confidence.
Perceptual shortcuts are not necessarily distorted.
All managers plan in some way, either formally or informally.
In a small organization, which of the following is NOT likely to be true?
A) Planning is not likely to be an orchestrated ritual.
B) Relationships are more likely to be informal.
C) Workers are likely to be observed by computerized monitoring systems.
D) The design of the organization is likely to be less structured and complex.
When is the acid test an especially important test for a company’s liquidity?
A) when the economy is slow and inventory is not selling
B) when the economy is robust and inventory is selling fast
C) with companies that exclusively sell services and therefore do not have any
inventory
D) with companies that exclusively sell services to the wealthy and therefore are not
subject to economic downturns
In general, entrepreneurs tend to ________ more than the average person.
A) cut corners
B) take risks
C) avoid risks
D) avoid cutting corners
The JCM contends that meaningful work is ________.
A) high paying
B) always difficult
C) considered important and valuable by the worker
D) considered unimportant to managers
Which of the following holds that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and
extrinsic factors are related to job dissatisfaction?
A) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
B) McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
C) Vroom’s expectancy theory
D) Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory
In management by objectives (MBO), goals ________.
A) must be easily accomplished
B) are jointly determined by employees and managers
C) are determined by top management
D) are developed by employees
Formal groups ________.
A) meet at a regular time and place
B) are defined by an organization’s structure
C) include people who share a common interest
D) include people who eat lunch together each day
In equity theory, a worker’s ‘self” category compares a person’s outcomes-to-input ratio
with ________.
A) the standards and expectations of other workers
B) the highest paid worker
C) the lowest paid worker
D) the person’s own standards and expectations
Mintzberg developed his ten managerial roles by ________.
A) sending out questionnaires to thousands of managers
B) observing hundreds of managers over several years
C) closely monitoring the work activities of five chief executives
D) using common sense to analyze the situation
The ________ component of attitude is based on emotions.
A) cognitive
B) behavioral
C) affective
D) action
In a short essay, discuss the differences among a procedure, a rule, and a policy. Include
specific examples of each to support your answer.
In a short essay, list and discuss the first four steps in the decision-making process. Give
an example of each step.
In a short essay, define and discuss creativity and innovation in the workplace.
In a short essay, list and discuss the five personality traits of the Big Five Model of
personality.
In a short essay, explain what stress is and how it arises.
In a short essay, list and discuss two contingency variables that should be considered in
determining an appropriate structure in organizational design.
In a short essay, define planning and compare formal and informal planning as they are
used in various organizations.
In a short essay, describe the first step in the control process.
In a short essay, describe the characteristics of a self-managed team.