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1) Which of the following is known to perform an essential function in the human body? a.Carnitine b.Orotic acid c.Methoxantin d.Pangamic acid 2) Which of the following is NOT among the factors known to be related to the appearance of […]

1) Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids? a.A quick way to spoil fats is by exposure to carbon dioxide b.Typically, the shorter the carbon chain, the firmer the fat at 75 c.Corn and sunflower oils are more […]

1) Matching 1)Intermittent hunger caused by lack of money 2)The primary cause of hunger 3)USDA program aimed at preventing or remediating domestic malnutrition and hunger for the poor 4)Name of the largest national food recovery program 5)Approximate number, in billions, […]

1) The relaxation of the gastroesophageal sphincter which produces a burning sensation in the esophagus is called 2) Explain the medicinal uses for niacin supplements. What conditions make people more susceptible to the side effects from niacin supplements? Answer: Page […]

1) What is biopharming? Provide an example. 2) Describe the potential hazards of excessive vitamin C intake. Answer: Page 325-326 3) Cholesterol is necessary for the production of many other compounds in the body but can become harmful when blood […]

1) An important aid in any weight-loss diet program is to a.decrease water intake b.increase physical activity c.speed up thyroid activity with metabolic enhancers d.develop ketosis by keeping carbohydrate intake as low as possible 2) What happens after absorption of […]

1) Chronic excess alcohol intake leads to all of the following effects on folate EXCEPT a.the small intestine recycles more folate b.the liver releases more folate into the blood c.the kidneys excrete more folate via the urine d.the small intestine […]

1) Discuss consumer concerns about irradiation. 2) Discuss ways in which dietary planning guides can be applied to ethnic diets. Answer: Page 45|46 3) What dietary components might athletes in wheelchairs need less of and more of, respectively, than other […]

1) You have been asked to help a top nutrition researcher conduct human experiments on vitamin C. As the subjects walk into the laboratory, you distribute all the vitamin C pill bottles to the girls and all the placebo pill […]

1) Which of the following is currently accepted as a medical treatment in the United States? a.Radiation therapy b.Biofield therapeutics c.Orthomolecular therapy d.Microwave resonance therapy 2) Sulfur is present in practically all a.vitamins b.proteins c.fatty acids d.carbohydrates Answer: b 3) […]

1) What primary factor governs the quality of a food protein? a.Fat content b.Essential amino acid content c.Complex carbohydrate content d.Nonessential amino acid content 2) Which of the following is a feature of the electron transport chain? a.It captures energy […]

1) The industrial application of heat to inactivate most but not all bacteria in a food is commonly known as a.sanitization b.sterilization c.pasteurization d.depathogenation 2) What is another name for bovine spongiform encephalopathy? a.Toxoplasmosis b.Mad cow disease c.Type 2 Alzheimer’s […]

1) How is fiber thought to exert an influence over cancer of the colon? 2) In the proper sequence, describe the three stages in the development of iron deficiency. Answer: Page 409 3) Discuss the role of dietary cholesterol and […]

1) About how many kcal are supplied by 8 oz of the typical sports drink? a.5-10 b.50-100 c.250-500 d.500-1,000 2) Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy due to their roles in the synthesis of […]

1) Which of the following ages (years) is typically associated with people having the densest bone? a.15 b.28 c.35 d.46 2) What is the chief protein in human breast milk? a.Casein b.Lactose c.Albumin d.Alpha-lactalbumin Answer: d 3) Of the following […]

1) What is the first organ to receive carbohydrates absorbed from the intestine? a.Heart b.Liver c.Pancreas d.Skeletal muscle 2) Approximately what percentage decline in basal metabolism is seen in an 80-year-old person compared with a 40-year-old? a.1-2 b.2-4 c.4-8 d.8-16 […]

1) Which of the following describes a fatty acid that has one double bond? a.Saturated b.Hydrogenated c.Monounsaturated d.Polyunsaturated 2) Which of the following describes a trend of worldwide obesity? a.Nowadays, obesity is not seen in developing countries b.Prevalence of obesity […]

1) Which of the following is NOT among the associations between smoking and coronary heart disease? a.Smoking damages platelets b.Smoking increases blood pressure c.Smoking as a risk factor for CHD is the same for women and men d.Cessation of smoking […]

1) Ranking foods according to their overall nutrient composition is known as a.biological value b.nutrient profiling c.the risk reduction score d.the healthy eating index 2) Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin K nutrition? a.Deficiency may lead to […]

1) All of the following are characteristics of electrolyte metabolism in sports EXCEPT a.the trained athlete actually loses fewer electrolytes than the untrained person b.replenishment of lost electrolytes in most athletes can be accomplished by ingesting a regular diet c.sweating […]

1) A persons level of C-reactive protein appears to be a strong predictor for a.cancer b.diabetes c.a heart attack d.HIV progression 2) Glycolysis is the conversion of a.glycogen to fat b.glycogen to protein c.glucose to pyruvate d.glucose to glycogen Answer: […]

1) Discuss the importance of mercury in the food chain. What population groups are most susceptible to mercury toxicity? What are the recommendations concerning consumption of foods containing mercury? 2) The nutrient that provides the most concentrated form of energy […]

1) Summarize the trends in overweight and obesity in the United States and worldwide. 2) The statement that best characterizes fiber with regard to its positive impact on the prevention of cancer is: eat soluble fiber, such as oat bran, […]

1) Present a sound diet plan for weight gain in the underweight person. 2) Some research shows that introducing fruits before vegetables will cause the infant to develop a sweet tooth causes more allergic reactions has little impact on future […]

1) What is the approximate body mass index of a woman who is 55 and 125 lbs? a.21 b.26 c.31 d.36 2) Which of the following is characteristic of the tocopherols? a.Good food sources include lean meats and dairy b.The […]

1) Describe the major aspects of nutrition labeling regulations. List the information that must be displayed on food labels. 2) Explain the processes involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Answer: Page 586-588 3) What are the meaning, significance, and utility […]

1) Which of the following is a feature of the substance BHT? a.It is a food antimicrobial b.It is a common food colorant c.It contributes significantly to the total additive intake from the diet d.It decreases cancer formation when given […]

1) The most common cause of iodine deficiency is a.insufficient intake of iodine from foods b.overconsumption of other trace elements c.overconsumption of anti-thyroid substances d.pituitary deficiencies of thyroid-stimulating hormone 2) Which of the following describes the nutrient needs of older […]

acquire nutrition information. a. Explain nutritional genomics and its role in the science of nutrition. b. List the types of research designs and the strengths and weaknesses of each. Requirements (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA), Adequate Intakes (AI), and Tolerable […]

a. Plan a balanced meal using the USDA Food Patterns. b. Identify foods that have a high nutrient density. c. Explain the uses of the exchange lists. a. Identify the information required on the food label. b. Identify the information […]

Introductory/whole chapter resources: Test Bank; IM WS 3-1, 3-2, 3-4, CA 3-1, 3-3 1 Contributed by Carrie King. 2 Worksheets 3-2 and 3-4 contributed by Daryle Wane. 3 Worksheet 3-3 and Handouts 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4 contributed by Sharon […]

53 Chapter 4 – The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibers Learning Objectives After completing Chapter 4, the student will be able to: 4.1 Identify the monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides common in nutrition by their chemical structures and major food sources. […]

64 Worksheet 4-2: Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Glycemic Index Factors Glycemic Load A method of classifying foods according to their potential for raising blood glucose as determined by the rate of their absorption. Definition A method of using the […]

Worksheet 5-2: Do You Know Your Fats? All 10 statements are false. Worksheet 5-3: Check Your Lipid Choices – Answers will vary. Worksheet 5-4: Chapter 5 Crossword Puzzle 2. hydrogenation 3. polyunsaturated 5. lipoproteins 6. olive oil 8. emulsification 9. […]

75 Chapter 5 – The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols Learning Objectives After completing Chapter 5, the student will be able to: 5.1 Recognize the chemistry of fatty acids and triglycerides and differences between saturated and unsaturated fats. 5.2 Describe […]

6.2 Summarize protein digestion and absorption. a. Trace the digestion of protein and list the enzymes needed to complete the process. b. List the major functions of protein in the body. c. Describe nitrogen balance and provide examples of positive […]

b. Explain the process of glycolysis. c. Explain the process of deamination and the synthesis of non-essential amino acids. d. Discuss the TCA cycle and the electron transport chain. 7.3 Explain how an excess of any of the three energy-yielding […]

a. Define healthy body weight. b. Explain the methods used to assess body composition, including BMI and waist circumference. a. Identify the health risks for underweight. b. Discuss the health risks for overweight, including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. 131 […]

145 Chapter 9 – Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight Learning Objectives After completing Chapter 9, the student will be able to: 9.1 Describe how body fat develops and why it can be difficult to maintain weight gains and losses. […]

159 Worksheet 9-3: Learn to “Shape Up” (Internet Exercise) 1. The use of salad dressing contributes to weight loss. a. True b. False 2. Research indicates that the body perceives calories associated with fluid intake differently than those associated with […]

172 Chapter 10 – The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C Learning Objectives After completing Chapter 10, the student will be able to: 10.2 Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, and food sources for each of the B vitamins. […]

184 Study Card 10 Answer Key 1. c 2. a 4. The body can make niacin from the amino acid tryptophan once protein synthesis needs have been met. Approximately 60 mg of dietary tryptophan are needed to make 1 mg […]

195 Chapter 11 – The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K Learning Objectives After completing Chapter 11, the student will be able to: 11.1 Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, and food sources for vitamin A. 11.2 Identify the […]

208 Chapter 12 – Water and the Major Minerals Learning Objectives After completing Chapter 12, the student will be able to: 12.1 Explain how the body regulates fluid balance. a. List the uses of water in the body. 12.2 List […]

219 5. d 6. a 7. Major minerals are those essential mineral nutrients that the human body requires in relatively large amounts (greater than 100 milligrams per day), whereas trace minerals are those that the human body requires in relatively […]

a. Discuss factors that affect the absorption of trace minerals from foods. b. Explain how trace minerals are transported, recycled, and metabolized in the body. c. Identify the appropriate uses and potential risks of trace mineral supplements. • Worksheet 13-1: […]

a. Describe the energy systems of physical activity, including ATP and CP. b. Describe the use of glucose and glycogen as body fuels during exercise. c. Describe a diet to minimize glucose depletion during exercise. d. Explain the principle of […]

critical periods. a. Describe placental development and the importance of critical periods. b. Explain the risk factors for the development of neural tube defects. and physical activity can support maternal health and infant growth. a. Describe the expected weight gain […]

Introductory/whole chapter resources: PL figure JPEGs; Test Bank; IM WS 16-3 1 Worksheets 16-1 and 16-2 contributed by Daryle Wane. 2 Contributed by Carrie King. 3 Contributed by Melissa Langone. 281 Chapter 16 – Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and […]

in aging. a. Describe physiological aging and lifestyle factors which can modify the process. 17.3 Explain why the needs for some nutrients increase or decrease during aging. a. Describe the energy and nutritional needs of older adults. 17.5 Instruct an […]

18.2 List the leading nutrition-related causes of death in the United States. a. Discuss the role of nutrition and lifestyle in the development of chronic disease. a. Describe cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in the development of each. b. Discuss […]

19.2 Explain how to minimize nutrient losses in the kitchen. a. Discuss the regulation, risks, and benefits of common additives in the food supply. b. Differentiate between intentional and indirect food additives. • Worksheet 19-1: Foodborne Illness Trends (Internet Exercise) […]

a. Discuss the prevalence of world hunger, populations at risk, and political and environmental causes of hunger. 20.3 Describe the consequences of nutrient and energy inadequacies. a. Describe kwashiorkor and marasmus and measures used to rehabilitate malnourished people. b. Discuss […]

1) Discuss iodine availability and sources of iodine in the U.S. diet. 2) Describe how fatty acids may differ in terms of chain length, saturation and unsaturation, position of the first double bond, and effects of partial hydrogenation, and explain […]

1) When a balanced diet is consumed, approximately what percentage of the bodys energy expenditure is furnished by amino acids? a.1 to 5 b.10 to 15 c.25 to 35 d.50 to 65 2) Which of the following is NOT among […]

1) A triglyceride always contains 3 a.carbons b.glycerols c.fatty acids d.double bonds 2) Which of the following is NOT a function of hydrochloric acid in digestion/absorption? a.It kills bacteria b.It activates pancreatic lipase c.It activates a proteolytic enzyme d.It promotes […]

1) To help maximize the long-term success of a persons weight-loss program, which of the following personal attitudes should be encouraged in the individual? a.Strongly believing that weight can be lost b.Viewing the body realistically as being fat rather than […]

1) What is the term for the developing infant from the eighth week after conception until birth? a.Fetus b.Ovum c.Zygote d.Embryo 2) Water that has the odor of rotten eggs is most likely contaminated with a.sulfur b.dioxins c.Giardia d.Cryptosporidium Answer: […]

1) Discuss the association between maternal malnutrition and the increased risk for development of diabetes in her offspring. 2) Compare and contrast the theory, strong points, and weak points of the Atkins diet with those of the Ornish diet. Answer: […]

1) Compared to healthy people, AIDS patients require a higher intake of carbohydrate protein fat vitamins 2) A person who has lived with diabetes for 20 – 40 years is more likely to have complications associated with the disease is […]

1) Exercise and nutrition are important components of a sound program for physically challenged people because they are investments in good physical health help support a positive mental health help people face the challenges of life and achieve dreams all […]

1) Sugar and salt are used as antimicrobial agents in foods because they prevent microbial use of the foods a.fat b.water c.protein d.carbohydrate 2) Magnesium is known to be involved in all of the following EXCEPT a.blood clotting b.muscle contraction […]

1) What is the most common source of bottled water? a.Glacier run-off b.Springs and wells c.Rivers in the wilderness d.Municipal water supplies 2) For optimal breast-feeding benefits, it is recommended that the infant be encouraged to suckle on the first […]

1) Beriberi results from a deficiency of a.niacin b.thiamin c.vitamin C d.vitamin B12 2) Your uncle Carlos has survived two heart attacks, and recently asked if he might be deficient in selenium, which he had just heard is essential to […]

1) What are the chief concerns with the use of antibiotics in livestock? 2) Discuss the role of diet in the possible prevention and treatment of HIV infection and AIDS. Answer: Page 584 3) List and explain four common methods […]

1) Approximately what percentage of the bodys store of vitamin K is derived from GI tract bacterial synthesis? a.Less than 5 b.25 c.50 d.85 2) What is reflux? a.Hard, dry, stools b.Backward flow of chyme c.Soft, poorly formed stools d.The […]

1) Discuss the role of peer pressure in shaping food preferences of adolescents. 2) Discuss the effects of food allergies and food intolerances on nutritional status. Answer: Page 524-526 3) Explain the modes of action of vitamin C. Answer: Page […]

1) To qualify for successful weight-loss maintenance, a 200-pound person who intentionally lost 20 lbs must hold the loss for at least a.3 months b.6 months c.1 year d.2 years 2) Abnormally low blood sodium concentration is known specifically as […]

1) Which of the following fish is generally highest in mercury? a.Shark b.Catfish c.Salmon d.Canned light tuna 2) Which of the following is a property of chlorination of the public water system? a.It has a high cost to benefit ratio […]

1) What term defines the condition of infant tooth deterioration resulting from chronic exposure to carbohydrate-rich fluids from a bottle? a.Juice bottle erosion b.Suckling enamelosis c.Formula-induced gingivitis d.Nursing bottle tooth decay 2) After sitting through a two-hour lecture in math, […]

1) A child diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia would most likely benefit from increasing his or her consumption of a.milk b.red meat c.fresh fruits d.yellow vegetables 2) A major feature of the Mediterranean diet is liberal intake of a.eggs b.olive oil […]

1) As you sit in the waiting room of a doctors office leafing through a magazine, you see a letter to the editor about world hunger. In it, the author takes issue with a statement made in a previous issue […]

1) Why are fad diets so popular? 2) People with high waist-to-hip ratios have a higher risk for heart disease and are characterized by shape as “apples.” ‘slugs.” “pears.” ‘sloths.” Answer: a 3) Stress in the mother who breastfeeds has […]

1) Which of the following defines a moderate level of alcohol intake per day for the average-sized woman? a.Up to 1 drink b.Up to 2 drinks c.Up to 3 drinks d.Up to 5 drinks 2) A persons VO2 max is […]

1) A meal providing 1200 kcalories contains 10 g of saturated fats, 14 g of monounsaturated fats, and 20 g of polyunsaturated fats. What is the percentage of energy supplied by the lipids? a.22 b.33 c.44 d.55 2) Approximately what […]

1) What is the major cause of iron deficiency? a.Blood loss b.Poor nutrition c.Hereditary defect d.Parasitic infections of the GI tract 2) Which of the following is a prominent feature of mild iodine deficiency in children? a.Demineralization b.Growth retardation c.Discoloration […]

1) Matching: 1>Percentage of U.S. adults considered overweight or obese 2>An enzyme that promotes fat storage 3>A term that describes environmental influences that promote weight gain 4>A theory that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by internal controls […]

1) Which among the following is most commonly deficient in the worldwide population? a.Zinc b.Folate c.Calcium d.Vitamin C 2) Which of the following is NOT among the features of the fat-soluble vitamins? a.Require bile for absorption b.Found in the fat […]

1) What is intestinal ischemia? a.Reduced blood flow to the intestines b.Chronic episodes of reverse peristalsis c.Construction of intestinal lymph supply d.Inflammation of two or more sphincter muscles 2) Which of the following sources of nutrition for infants is least […]

1) Which of the following is most likely to result from insufficient intake of fiber? a.Diarrhea b.Bloating c.Constipation d.Pancreatitis 2) Which of the following is responsible for transporting vitamin A from the liver to other tissues? a.Albumin b.Rhodopsin c.Retinol-binding protein […]

1) Which of the following is a common source of lead poisoning in infants? a.Maternal passage of lead to fetus b.Baby bottles made from lead crystal c.Contaminated water used to make infant formula d.Preparation of infant formula in galvanized containers […]

1) In the body, water that resides between cells is known as a.diuretic fluid b.interstitial fluid c.edematous fluid d.intravascular fluid 2) Two or more cases of a similar illness resulting from the consumption of a common food is termed a(n) […]

1) What structure controls the release of material from the stomach to the small intestine? a.Ileocecal valve b.Pyloric sphincter c.Diaphragmatic valve d.Esophageal sphincter 2) Diseases of poverty are known to include all of the following EXCEPT a.cholera. b.diabetes. c.dysentery. d.whooping […]

1) Why are fermented soy products, sea algae, and most nutritional yeast products poor sources of vitamin B12? a.The vitamin is not in a bioavailable form b.These foods contain high amounts of antiintrinsic factor c.The vitamin is readily destroyed by […]

1) To convert the number of tocopherol equivalents to alpha-tocopherol, multiply by the factor a.0.8 b.1.4 c.2.0 d.3.3 2) A person wishing to increase consumption of polyunsaturated fats should choose a.coconut oil b.beef products c.vegetable oils d.dairy products Answer: c […]

1) What organ provides the major control for homeostasis of body fluids? a.Liver b.Heart c.Kidneys d.Skeletal muscle 2) In comparison to the well-defined structure of starch, which of the following is the most important factor that allows for the synthesis […]

1) Describe psychological problems encountered by obese people in their attempts to lose weight. 2) Outline the recommendations for reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. Answer: Page 591-594 3) Discuss the characteristics of binge-eating disorder. What is known about […]

1) Which of the following is NOT among the characteristics of food safety in the kitchen? a.Cooks should refrain from washing meat and poultry b.Leftover food from a meal should be promptly refrigerated c.Hand washing is significantly more effective than […]

1) Discuss the consequences of maternal alcohol intake on fetal development. 2) Contrast the properties of minerals with those of vitamins. Answer: Page 377-378 3) What factors account for the above average intake of iodine by many people in the […]

1) Riboflavin needs are more difficult to meet when the diet is low in a.meats b.grains c.vegetables d.dairy foods 2) The single most effective way to teach nutrition to children is by a.example b.punishment c.singling out only hazardous nutrition practices […]

1) Discuss the advantages of obtaining foods grown locally versus globally. 2) Compare the recommended weight gains for pregnancy in women who, at conception, are normal weight, underweight, overweight, or obese. Answer: Page 476-477 3) What are the adverse effects […]

1) The bodys amino acid pool consists of a.essential amino acids only b.endogenous amino acids only c.nonessential amino acids only d.both essential and nonessential amino acids 2) What is the AMDR for fat? a.10-30% b.20-35% c.40-55% d.60-75% Answer: b 3) […]

1) The rare genetic disorders Menkes disease and Wilsons disease result from abnormal utilization of a.iron b.zinc c.copper d.manganese 2) Luciannas energy requirement is 1600 kcal/day. What is her personal Daily Value for saturated fat? a.17 g b.20 g c.53 […]

1) Discuss factors that influence the bioavailability of dietary iron. What are good sources of bioavailable iron? What factors interfere with iron absorption? 2) Simplesse is a fat substitute made of protein particles whipped egg whites blended sugars sugar with […]

1) Explain the possible links between dietary fat intake and cancer. 2) What practices should be avoided during pregnancy and why? Answer: Page 489-491 3) Compare and contrast the rationales underlying dietary recommendations for individuals versus those for populations. Answer: […]

1) Which of the following conditions is associated with edema? a.Excessive use of certain drugs, which causes high excretion of water and amino acids b.Above-normal concentration of blood proteins, which causes fluid to leak from the blood vessels c.Diminished concentration […]

1) Which of the following is the primary factor in the development of milk anemia? a.Impaired absorption of iron b.Excessive intake of cows milk c.Low iron content of breast milk d.Insufficient intake of whole cows milk 2) Which of the […]

1) In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time period is evidence of a.edema b.poor glycemic control c.insufficient physical activity d.development of neural tube defects 2) The formation of glycogen by the liver cell is an example of […]

1) Compare and contrast the various ways in which the body metabolizes carbohydrate, fat, and amino acids. 2) When people go on high-fiber diets and reduce their blood cholesterol by as little as 10%, they can reduce their risk for […]

1) Which of the following describes an association between body weight and mortality? a.Obesity is the fourth leading cause of premature death b.Overweight men who are physically fit have a lower mortality risk than normal-weight, unfit men c.Normal-weight men who […]

1) How does the body respond to intake of the same simple carbohydrates when consumed in solid form versus liquid form? 2) List three major pathogenic microbes that are transmitted by foods; describe their food sources, symptoms of sickness, and […]

1) What is meant by protein turnover? a.Nitrogen equilibrium b.The antibody-antigen complex c.The synthesis and degradation of body proteins d.The secondary structure of proteins that initiates folding 2) Which of the following risk factors for disease may be modified by […]

1) What are the criticisms of the MyPlate? 2) Nearly every chemical reaction in the body occurs in an environment consisting of water minerals carbohydrate fat Answer: a 3) List the sources of water intake and loss and the approximate […]

1) Discuss the role of medications in the treatment of high blood pressure. 2) Factors that affect food intake include genetics. hunger and appetite. age. all of the above. Answer: d 3) Explain the role of the FDA in regulating […]

1) The absorption of which of the following vitamins is most affected by the disorder atrophic gastritis? a.Choline b.Vitamin C c.Vitamin B12 d.Pantothenic acid 2) Which of the following is NOT a common use for added sugars in the diet? […]

1) Which of the following is a feature of aerobic metabolism? a.Little or no oxygen is consumed b.Lactic acid is a major byproduct c.Energy is produced more slowly than in anaerobic metabolism d.Pyruvate is converted to glucose by reverse glycolysis […]

1) What are potential hazards of consuming too much fiber? Give examples of the circumstances, conditions, and forms in which a person might ingest large amounts of fiber. 2) Discuss the safety and efficacy of liposuction as a means of […]

1) Why do many people and especially athletes believe in ergogenic aids? 2) Discuss the essential nature of selenium. Where and why are deficiencies observed in the world? Answer: Page 419-420 3) Discuss the similarities between vitamins C and E […]

1) What is the average yearly intake (gallons) per person of bottled water in the United States? a.1 b.5 c.25 d.45 2) People are said to be constipated when they experience a.painful or difficult bowel movements b.reflux more than three […]

1) All of the following assumptions are made by the committee in setting the RDA for protein EXCEPT a.adequate kcalories will be consumed b.protein eaten will be of mixed quality c.the fat content of the diet will be high d.other […]

1) As far as cooking vegetables is concerned, the key in preventing vitamin losses is to cook until soft to the touch not overcook–keep slightly crisp use a lot of water when cooking drink the water in which the vegetables […]

1) Regarding sodium intake, an average adult only needs 5 grams/day or 1 teaspoon 5000 milligrams/day or 1 teaspoon 500 milligrams/day or 1/10 of a teaspoon a and b 2) As a way to lose weight, “yo-yo” diets may produce […]

1) The diseases most common today include all of the following EXCEPT a.cancer b.diabetes c.tuberculosis d.heart disease 2) In kwashiorkor, the loss of hair color is indirectly related to a.inadequate intake of tyrosine. b.elevated levels of blood homocysteine. c.excessive exposure […]

1) What is the primary organ that metabolizes fructose and galactose following absorption? a.Liver b.Pancreas c.Skeletal muscle d.Small intestines 2) People who have frequent, regular bouts of heartburn and indigestion have a medical condition known as a.colitis b.watery stools c.lymphatic […]

1) List and discuss the causes of hunger in the United States. What population groups are most vulnerable? 2) Discuss the influence of prenatal malnutrition on the appearance of degenerative diseases in the later life of the child. Answer: Page […]

1) Which of the following is a feature of the minerals as nutrients? a.They are organic b.They yield 4 kcalories per gram c.Some become dissolved in body fluids d.Some may be destroyed during cooking 2) Which of the following is […]

1) A.Explain the education and training requirements associated with obtaining registration as a dietitian. B.List several career areas in which registered dietitians are often employed. 2) Irreversible nerve damage has been reported in people taking large doses of vitamin a.B1 […]

1) Discuss the role of modern-day political crises as the primary cause of worldwide food shortages. 2) Explain the association of leptin and bone health. Answer: Page 399 3) Explain the relationship between eating disorders and osteoporosis in female athletes. […]

1) Which of the following is NOT the same as fat-free milk? a.Skim milk b.No-fat milk c.1% milk d.Non-fat milk 2) Five cans of soft drinks provide approximately how many kcalories? a.25 b.125 c.415 d.750 Answer: d 3) Which of […]

1) Which of the following is a characteristic of the appendix? a.It ferments fiber b.It stores lymph cells c.It slows down peristalsis d.It stores preformed stools 2) Which of the following terms describes an immune system that is inefficient and […]

1) The normal resting pulse rate (beats per minute) for adults is approximately a.50 b.70 c.95 d.140 2) The flavor enhancer MSG represents a dietary source of a.sulfite b.sodium c.acrylamide d.bicarbonate Answer: b 3) Which of the following may best […]

1) By what age do most people first have well-developed arterial plaque? a.30 b.40 c.50 d.60 2) What vitamin forms a part of coenzyme A? a.Biotin b.Folate c.Riboflavin d.Pantothenic acid Answer: d 3) Which of the following is a characteristic […]

1) Discuss the association between marginal vitamin B12 deficiency and cognitive function. 2) The most common cause of iron overload is an injury to the GI tract a genetic predisposition excessive use of iron cookware excessive use of iron supplements […]

1) Which of the following is NOT a classification for the food additives mannitol, sorbitol, and xylitol? a.Polyols b.Sugar alcohols c.Alternative sweeteners d.Artificial sweeteners 2) Which of the following is NOT known to result from excessive zinc intake? a.Inhibition of […]

1) Gluconeogenesis is a term that describes the synthesis of a.amino acids from glucose b.lactose from a source of sucrose c.fat from excess carbohydrate intake d.glucose from a noncarbohydrate substance 2) If a person consumes 65 grams of protein and […]

1) Although eating fish supports heart health and fish provides many vitamins and minerals, it is notably poor in a.iron b.protein c.unsaturated fats d.omega-3 fatty acids 2) Which of the following is the primary cause for hunger in the United […]

1) Why is it important to vary intake of foods within the same food group from day to day? 2) How are supplements of vitamins C and E thought to benefit individuals who have risk factors for heart disease? Answer: […]

1) Other factors that can “get in the way” of achieving goals regarding lifestyle and nutrition changes include sessions with a health professional taking a course in nutrition jobs and everyday stresses all of the above 2) 0Supplementation of folic […]

1) Name and describe the functions of three major hormones involved in digestion/absorption. 2) Teen magazines could have a positive influence on adolescent body-image and self-image if the magazines would focus on things teens can do rather than on what […]

1) Compare and contrast the causes of kwashiorkor and marasmus. 2) Discuss the origin of common drinking water contaminants such as heavy metals, microbes, and organic toxicants. Answer: Page 648-649 3) To determine the source of bottled water, it is […]

1) List 10 goals of the Healthy People program. How successful is the program thus far? 2) What is meant by the phrase Not all carbohydrates are created equal? Answer: Page 95-100 3) Chronic alcohol use affects metabolism and the […]

1) Which of the following is NOT a basic unit derived from food? a.Glycerol b.Starches c.Fatty acids d.Amino acids 2) Which of the following is an overt symptom of iron deficiency? a.Anemia b.Headaches c.Skin dryness d.Decreased red blood cell count […]

1) Intracranial pressure resulting in headaches is a side effect of taking excessive amounts of vitamin A D E K 2) Discuss the use of protein, fat, and carbohydrate as fuels during low-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise. Answer: Page 445-450 […]

1) The prescription drug phentermine acts by regulating the utilization of a.blood insulin b.norepinephrine c.hormone-sensitive lipase d.adipocyte lipoprotein lipase 2) Which of the following is NOT known to be a vitamin for human beings? a.Cobalamin b.Ubiquinone c.Pyridoxine d.Pantothenic acid Answer: […]

1) Which of the following is known to cause a reduction in fat cell number in mice? a.Injection of leptin b.Supplements of ghrelin c.Long-term resistance exercise d.Consumption of high-protein diets 2) Which of the following is NOT among the features […]

1) How does alcohol intake impact the body’s use of B vitamins? 2) Provide examples of the effects of environmental contaminants on pregnancy outcomes. Answer: Page 490 3) Because onset is more gradual with type II diabetes, making diagnosis difficult, […]

1) Binge drinking is defined as the successive consumption of a.1-2 drinks b.4-5 drinks c.6-9 drinks d.more than 10 drinks 2) Which of the following is the standard classification for a low-birthweight infant? a.3 1/2 lbs or less b.4 lbs […]

1) Examples of the adverse effects of oxidation reactions include headaches brought on by vitamin A toxicity bubbles forming when soap mixes with greasy dishes butter or oil turning rancid or having off-flavors all of the above 2) A fat […]

1) What vitamins and minerals are most deficient in people living in poor countries, and what are the consequences of these deficiencies? 2) Explain the difference between heme and nonheme iron. How can the efficiency of absorption be increased for […]

1) What is the benefit of using placebos in an experiment? a.All subjects are similar b.All subjects receive a treatment c.Neither subjects nor researchers know who is receiving treatment d.One group of subjects receives a treatment and the other group […]

1) Which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose? a.Glucose b.Maltose c.Sucrose d.Fructose 2) Which of the following describes the capacity of a man to produce sperm and a woman to periodically produce a normal egg? a.Zygote […]

1) Of the following, which is NOT among the recommended strategies for weight gain in an underweight person? a.Behavior modification training b.Increased physical activity, especially strength training cForced awakening during the night for supplemental meals and snacks d.Consumption of regular […]

1) 0What percent of weight gain during pregnancy is due to maternal fat weight? 15% 20% 30% 45% 2) Explain the association between folate deficiency and homocysteine metabolism. What are observations from the folate fortification program regarding risk for cardiovascular […]

1) Explain the role of fiber in assisting weight loss. 2) If people are trying to lose weight and are 20% below their predicted metabolic rate, they will have a harder time burning kcalories and not lose much weight. be […]

1) Approximately how much water is contained in a loaf of bread? a.2% of the loaf b.5% of the loaf c.20% of the loaf d.35% of the loaf 2) Which of the following is NOT one of the three major […]

1) What are the major food and non-food sources of vitamin K? What factors may adversely affect vitamin K nutrition in the body? 2) Discuss how overpopulation is related to the world hunger problem. Answer: Page 665-666 3) Discuss the […]

1) If athletes are going to drink caffeinated beverages prior to competition, they should first try it out in practice to make sure it doesn’t produce adverse side effects need to experiment during training to see if it helps make […]

1) As a way of repelling certain pests from destroying preferred crops, plants in combination can be used such as tomato plants and basil oregano and basil plants basil and cabbage plants cabbage and tomato plants 2) Discuss the role […]

1) John is looking to increase his dietary sources of vitamin C. However, he expresses a strong dislike for all citrus fruits. Which of the following shopping lists would you recommend? a.Liver, yogurt, milk b.Brussels sprouts, broccoli, strawberries c.Banana, peanut […]

1) Which of the following is NOT among the signs of iron toxicity? a.Apathy b.Fatigue c.Hypochromic anemia d.Increases in infections 2) Which of the following products is NOT generated via the TCA cycle or electron transport chain? a.Water b.Energy c.Ammonia […]

1) Some companies use a Wellness program or fitness facility as a vehicle to recruit employees increase morale of employees control employee exercise programs A and B 2) What type of testing is done by the U.S. Pharmacopeia to assure […]

1) High intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are known to increase the risk for all of the following EXCEPT a.poor wound healing b.higher LDL cholesterol c.suppressed immune function d.inflammation of the pancreas 2) Which of the following is a […]

1) Describe the role of genetics in the risk for type 2 diabetes and heart disease in children. 2) Discuss the special nutritional needs of the preterm infant and ways to meet these needs. Answer: Page 512 3) Diagram the […]

1) Which of the following is a feature of iron nutrition and behavior in children? a.Iron-deficient children respond better to liquid preparations of Fe+3 than to tablets of Fe+2 b.Children who had iron-deficiency anemia as infants perform poorly even after […]

1) Provide a brief definition of a vitamin. Do all vitamins contain an amino group? 2) What precautions should consumers take when selecting and consuming seafood? Answer: Page 631 3) List the major antioxidant additives in the food supply and […]

1) When bacteria on meat is transferred to vegetables that were cut on the same board as the meat, the process is referred to as sanitation-inhibition cross-contamination error-in-preparation food-irresponsibility 2) By replacing meat sources of iron in the diet with […]

1) Why are supplements of vitamin E thought to benefit people engaged in endurance activity? What does the evidence actually show? 2) Explain the processes of protein digestion and absorption. Answer: Page 171-172 3) Discuss regulations governing the production and […]

1) Compare and contrast the effects of consuming hard water and soft water. 2) List recommendations for building fitness while minimizing the risk of overuse injuries. Answer: Page 440-442 3) Diagram the metabolic pathways that involve participation of B vitamins. […]

1) What mineral is part of vitamin B12? a.Copper b.Cobalt c.Nickel d.Vanadium 2) What is meant by potable water? a.Water fit for drinking b.Water that must be boiled before drinking c.Water that must be chlorinated before drinking d.Water suitable only […]

1) In obese pregnant women, the risk for neural tube defects in the infant is believed to result from a.insufficient exercise b.poor glycemic control c.insufficient folate intake d.higher prevalence of cesarean section 2) Which of the following characteristics are shared […]

1) A functional fiber is one that a.occurs naturally in the intact plant b.performs a specific function in the plant c.is extracted from plants and has a beneficial health effect d.is a polysaccharide that is stored primarily in muscle and […]

1) List 5 ways the food industry could substantially reduce fossil fuel use and still remain sustainable. 2) Describe the bodys mechanisms for controlling blood glucose levels under normal and stress conditions. Answer: Page 106-107 3) Which of the following […]

1) For most of the worlds population, what is the effect of aging on the activity of lactase? a.Declines by 30-40% b.Declines by 90-95% c.Increases by 30-40% d.Increases by 90-95% 2) Which of the following is NOT a destination for […]

1) List factors that increase risk for giving birth to an infant with a neural tube defect. 2) What is meant by false positive and false negative medical test results? How might these tests be influenced by vitamin supplements? Answer: […]

1) What percentage of pregnant women in the United States smoke? a.1-2 b.3-6 c.7-10 d.10-14 2) Which of the following is a feature of vitamin A in foods? a.Anthocyanin in beets masks the presence of beta-carotene b.Margarine made from corn […]

1) Results of the Seven Countries Study found that the population groups with highest and lowest rates of heart disease both consumed at least 40% of their kcalories from fat but the healthier group was found to ingest more a.dairy […]

1) Discuss the interrelationships of folate and vitamin B12 in the diagnosis and treatment of large-cell type anemia. 2) The excessive thirst common in diabetes is known as a.hydration b.polyuresis c.polydipsia d.hyperhydration Answer: c 3) What is the most likely […]

1) What group of nutrients help to extract the energy from food during metabolism? 2) Discuss the essentiality, deficiency symptoms, and major food sources of biotin and pantothenic acid. Answer: Page 307-309 3) Discuss the roles of leptin and ghrelin […]

1) All of the following features are shared by the RDA and the AI EXCEPT a.both are included in the DRI b.both serve as nutrient intake goals for individuals c.neither covers 100% of the populations nutrient needs d.neither is useful […]

1) What term describes factors that enhance the development of cancer after it has been initiated? a.Promoters b.Post-initiators c.Tumor formatives d.Tumor directives 2) Which of the following is a characteristic of enriched grain products? a.They have all of the added […]

1) Discuss the benefits and limitations of the U.S. grain enrichment legislation. 2) Athletes or active individuals who require large amounts of energy should consume a diet high in protein fat carbohydrate water Answer: c 3) Discuss the defenses of […]

1) What part of the body is affected most by keratomalacia? a.Bone b.Liver c.Cornea d.Immune cells 2) A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with 3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol would be known as a […]

1) In addition to being able to exercise at work, employees who have access to a Wellness program and fitness facility at the job site is more likely to make positive changes in lifestyle has less absenteeism from work becomes […]

1) Discuss the relationship between nutrition and Alzheimers disease. 2) Describe the physical and mental abnormalities associated with fetal alcohol syndrome. Answer: Page 501-503 3) 0Advice to pregnant women who want to exercise includes don’t begin a new program swim, […]

1) A diagnosis of constipation is made when a persons number of bowel movements per week first drops to under a.one b.two c.three d.five 2) In what organ is pepsin active? a.Stomach b.Pancreas c.Small intestine d.Large intestine Answer: a 3) […]

1) In some studies, what population may benefit from chromium supplements? People wanting to build muscle mass People with diabetes People who are vegetarians People with high cholesterol 2) Explain the functions of parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D in […]

1) How does atrophic gastritis interfere with nutritional status in the elderly? 2) Vegetarians can apply the Food Guide Pyramid by substituting legumes for protein seeds/nuts for protein peanut butter for protein all of the above Answer: d 3) Compare […]

1) What percentage of young school aged children exhibit hyperactivity? a.3% b.9% c.20% d.25-35% 2) Which of the following is a feature of irritable bowel syndrome? a.Abdominal discomfort is usually mild b.Effective treatment includes peppermint oil c.Constipation rather than diarrhea […]

1) Distinguish between alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder and alcohol-related birth defects. 2) Discuss the use of packaging materials for foods designed to be exposed to microwave cooking. How can you determine if an unlabeled glass or ceramic container is microwave-safe? Answer: […]

1) All of the following dietary measures are known to help relieve constipation EXCEPT a.eating fiber b.eating prunes c.eating less fat d.drinking more water 2) In the endurance athlete, the first priority of nutrient repletion should be a.fluids b.protein c.glycogen […]