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1) Which of the following is NOT a classification for the food additives mannitol,
sorbitol, and xylitol?
a.Polyols
b.Sugar alcohols
c.Alternative sweeteners
d.Artificial sweeteners
2) Which of the following is NOT known to result from excessive zinc intake?
a.Inhibition of iron absorption
b.Galvanized liver and kidneys
c.Inhibition of copper absorption
d.Decreases in high-density lipoproteins
3) The enrichment of grain products in the United States was initiated in the
a.1840s
b.1890s
c.1940s
d.1990s
4) Which of the following may be used to calculate the amount of energy expended by
the body?
a.Oxygen consumed
b.Total air exchanged
c.Intestinal gas expelled
d.Carbon dioxide consumed
5) Of the total amount of carbohydrate energy consumed by the body, approximately
what percentage is used by the brain and nerve cells?
a.10
b.30
c.50
d.90
6) Approximately what percentage of all energy use in the U.S. is devoted to the food
industry?
a.2
b.10
c.20
d.45
7) Usually, what is the first sign of preeclampsia?
a.Fall in blood pressure
b.Elevated blood glucose
c.A large weight gain over a short time
d.Chronic episodes of pica over the last 2 trimesters
8) What is the chief reason people choose the foods they eat?
a.Cost
b.Taste
c.Convenience
d.Nutritional value
9) Which of the following is NOT among characteristics of adolescents food intakes?
a.The consumption of milk and fruit juices occurs primarily at breakfast
b.Eating dinner more often with families reduces the likelihood of smoking, drinking,
and drug use
c.Eating with families results in higher intake of fruits and calcium-dense foods than
eating few family meals
d.Eating breakfast results in higher overall daily intakes of protein and fat but
unchanged intakes of iron and zinc compared with breakfast skippers
10) Why are people with iron overload at increased risk for infections?
a.Excess tissue iron destroys vitamin C
b.Iron-rich blood favors growth of bacteria
c.Iron-rich blood impairs the immune system
d.Excess tissue iron interferes with antibiotic function
11) Folate deficiency has been reported in infants fed
a.soy milk
b.goats milk
c.chicken liver
d.infant formula
12) Compare and contrast the characteristics of sports anemia and iron-deficiency
anemia.
13) Why might the measurement of the resting metabolic rate in a person be somewhat
higher than her basal metabolic rate?
a.She was mildly malnourished
b.She slept through the procedure
c.She was wearing shorts and a tank top
d.She ate right before the measurement was done
14) What is the approximate kcal content of one pound of body fat?
a.1800
b.2500
c.3500
d.4100
15) Which of the following properties is shared by vitamins C and E, BHA and BHT,
and sulfites?
a.Flavor enhancers
b.Antimicrobial agents
c.Antioxidant activities
d.Incidental food additives
16) Which of the following is a factor that determines the hardness of a fat at a given
temperature?
a.Origin of the fat
b.Degree of saturation
c.Number of acid groups
d.Number of oxygen atoms
17) What is the most likely explanation for the impaired functioning of the GI tract
resulting from folate deficiency?
a.Insufficient bile production, thereby promoting fat malabsorption and diarrhea
b.Reduced mucosal cell replacement, thereby resulting in decreased GI functioning
c.Decreased enzymatic capacity in the intestines, thereby resulting in malabsorption
d.Decreased oxygen supply to body tissues, with the intestines being particularly
affected because of their high metabolic activity
18) What is the most common genetic disorder in the United States?
a.Keshan disease
b.Menkes disease
c.Hemochromatosis
d.Microcytic hypochromic anemia
19) What fraction of all pregnant women in the United States are obese?
a.1/5
b.1/4
c.1/3
d.1/2
20) In a person who loses the ability to absorb vitamin B12, approximately what period
of time could elapse before deficiency signs develop?
a.One month
b.Six months
c.One year
d.Three years
21) What is the upper range of fat intake in the AMDR?
a.20%
b.25%
c.35%
d.50%
22) The immune system treats foreign substances such as bacteria and toxins as
a.antigens
b.antibodies
c.synergisms
d.immunoglobulins
23) What is the best predictor for risk of a stroke?
a.Blood pressure
b.LDL-cholesterol
c.HDL-cholesterol
d.Trans-fatty acid intake
24) What is the leading cause of food contamination in the United States?
a.Naturally occurring toxicants
b.Food poisoning from microbes
c.Pesticide residues from farmers
d.Food additives from the food industry
25) What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?
a.Secretes acid into the stomach
b.Secretes hormones into the stomach
c.Prevents the contents of the small intestine from backing up into the stomach
d.Prevents the contents of the small intestine from emptying too quickly into the colon
26) What term describes the possibility of harm from normal use of a substance?
a.Hazard
b.Toxicity
c.Bioinsecurity
d.Food insecurity
27) What is meant by carrying capacity of the earth?
a.The number of tons of edible food that can be produced by all of the earths cultivable
land
b.The maximum number of living organisms that can be supported in an environment
over time
c.The amount of oxygen consumed by all living organisms in relation to the amount of
oxygen produced by all living plants
d.The total weight of all living organisms in relation to the weight of all non-living
material including the earths water mass
28) Which of the following is NOT classified as a macronutrient?
a.Fat
b.Protein
c.Calcium
d.Carbohydrate
29) Which of the following is known to significantly affect the bodys folate status?
a.Sedentary lifestyle
b.Some anticancer drugs
c.Excess protein intake
d.Insufficient fiber intake
30) Among the following organisms, which is primarily responsible for causing
travelers diarrhea?
a.Vibrio
b.Campylobacter jejuni
c.Staphylococcus aureus
d.Clostridium botulinum
31) Lillie has been losing weight by following a very-low-carbohydrate diet for 2
months. Her primary care physician just diagnosed ketosis through a urine sample.
Which of the following symptoms would be another way the physician might have
suspected ketosis in Lillie?
a.Thinning hair
b.Irritable temper
c.Fishy body odor
d.Fruity odor on breath
32) Which of the following sources would yield the softest lipids at room temperature?
a.Lard
b.Beef
c.Pork
d.Safflower
33) According to the FDA, a food label that reads "improves memory" is an example of
a
a.health claim
b.Daily Value claim
c.qualified health claim
d.structure-function claim
34) What is considered to be the minimum pharmacologically active dose of caffeine?
a.5 mg (~1/10 a can of soda)
b.100 mg (~2 cans of soda)
c.200 mg (~4 cans of soda)
d.500 mg (~10 cans of soda)
35) What term identifies the characteristic tingling sensations and reddening of the skin
after ingesting a pharmacologic dose of nicotinic acid?
a.Niacin flush
b.NAD dermatitis
c.Niacin erythrema
d.Bilateral symmetrical dermatitis
36) All of the following are features of older pregnant women in comparison with
younger pregnant women EXCEPT
a.maternal mortality rates are lower
b.fetal mortality rates are twice as high
c.cesarean delivery is twice as common
d.complications that arise typically reflect chronic conditions such as diabetes and
hypertension
37) After the first day or so of fasting, which of the following is most depleted in the
body?
a.Glycogen
b.Fatty acids
c.Amino acids
d.Triglycerides
38) Your patient, Mr. Sinclair, has a BMI of 43 and is taking drugs to lose weight. He
has heard that some drugs cause lots of gastrointestinal discomfort and would prefer to
take one that doesnt give him any of these side effects. Which of the following should
be prescribed for Mr. Sinclair?
a.Olestra
b.Orlistat
c.Serotonin
d.Phentermine
39) What is the process by which water is purified by pressurizing it and forcing it
across a membrane?
a.Ozonation
b.Distillation
c.Reverse osmosis
d.Activated carbon filtration
40) Why might high-fiber foods promote body weight management?
41) The best exercise for someone with osteoporosis is
42) Discuss the role of nutrition and genetics in assessing risks for chronic diseases.
43) Diagram the interrelationships associated with hunger, satiation, and satiety.
44) Describe the effects of environmental contaminants, including the bioaccumulation
of toxic substances.
