1) What is the primary organ that metabolizes fructose and galactose following
absorption?
a.Liver
b.Pancreas
c.Skeletal muscle
d.Small intestines
2) People who have frequent, regular bouts of heartburn and indigestion have a medical
condition known as
a.colitis
b.watery stools
c.lymphatic malabsorption
d.gastroesophageal reflux
3) Which of the following has been shown to improve absorption of iron from iron
supplements?
a.Taking then with milk
b.Taking them with orange juice
c.Taking them on an empty stomach rather than with meals
d.Taking them in the form of the ferric salt rather than the ferrous salt
4) A person eating lots of white bread, white rice, and ready-to-eat cereals would have a
diet with a glycemic index that is
a.very low
b.low
c.moderate
d.high
5) Among the following organisms, which is primarily responsible for causing travelers
diarrhea?
a.Vibrio
b.Campylobacter jejuni
c.Staphylococcus aureus
d.Clostridium botulinum
6) Which of the following is NOT a general feature of the trace minerals?
a.Mild deficiencies are easy to overlook
b.They are rarely found in dietary supplements
c.Most are toxic at only 2 1/2-7 times the requirements
d.The amounts contained in supplements are free from regulation by the FDA
7) What is the magnitude of the increase in risk for CVD for a person with a blood
pressure reading of 140/80 compared with the optimum blood pressure?
a.20%
b.40%
c.75%
d.100%
8) To assist the process of digestion and absorption, it is usually best to
a.eat several snacks per day so the system is not overwhelmed
b.combine different food types to enhance the absorption process
c.avoid eating meat and fruit at the same meal to prevent competition
d.take enzyme pills or powder periodically so the system can rest and rejuvenate
9) What are cellulose, pectin, hemicellulose, and lignin?
a.Fibers
b.Starches
c.Sugar alcohols
d.Artificial sweeteners
10) What causes the let-down reflex?
a.Oxytocin
b.Estrongen
c.Prepartum amenorrhea
d.Postpartum amenorrhea
11) Which of the following defines an association between a protein and a function of
zinc?
a.Thyroxine: zinc transporter
b.Globulin: transports zinc into cells
c.Transferrin: essential to zinc excretion
d.Metallothionein: promotes zinc homeostasis
12) What is the average yearly intake (gallons) per person of bottled water in the United
States?
a.1
b.5
c.25
d.45
13) Which of the following plays a major role in the breakdown of certain types of
dietary fiber in the large intestine?
a.Bacteria
b.Pancreas
c.Colonic cells
d.Small intestinal villus cell
14) What is aquaculture?
a.A seaweed growth system
b.The practice of fish farming
c.A water purification system
d.The raising of plants in a water environment
15) Which of the following is a feature of iodide utilization?
a.It is an integral part of pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone
b.Ingestion of plants of the cabbage family stimulates iodide uptake
c.A deficiency or a toxicity leads to enlargement of the thyroid gland
d.The amount in foods is unrelated to the amount of iodine present in the soil
16) Which of the following is NOT a component of lecithin?
a.Choline
b.Phosphate
c.Fatty acids
dMagnesium
17) A persons highest bone density is achieved by around age (years)
a.18
b.30
c.55
d.70
18) Which of the following may be classified as a risk factor for coronary heart disease?
a.BMI of 26
b.Low LDL-cholesterol levels
c.High HDL-cholesterol levels
d.High C-reactive protein levels
19) Physical fitness may be achieved by engaging in a moderately intense level of
exercise at a frequency of at least
a.10 minutes/day
b.20 minutes/day
c.3.5 hours/week
d.5 hours/week
20) Which of the following is a characteristic of nutrition and cataract formation?
a.Obese and lean people have the same risk for cataracts
b.Adequate intakes of biotin and inositol seem to delay the onset of cataract formation
c.Nutrition is known to play little, if any, role in the onset or progression of cataracts
d.Vitamin C supplements in doses of 1,000 mg for several years appear to raise the risk
for cataracts
21) What is the adult AI for vitamin K?
a.45-60 g
b.90-120 g
c.150-300 g
d.500-550 g
22) Which of the following is NOT among the recommendations issued by health
professionals to reduce cancer risks?
a.Limit intake of red meats
b.Moderate, if any, intake of alcohol
c.Increase intake of foods high in iron
d.Eat at least 5 servings a day of vegetables and fruits
23) What substance is commonly added to public water supplies to disinfect the water?
a.Ozone
b.Fluoride
c.Chlorine
d.Penicillin
24) Which of the following is NOT among the minerals most associated with
unpleasant characteristics of potable water?
a.Iron
b.Calcium
c.Manganese
d.Phosphorus
25) What type of compound is lecithin?
a.Bile salt
b.Glycolipid
c.Lipoprotein
d.Phospholipid
26) Your sister Ellen has just joined the Peace Corps and will be working on ways to
improve the nutritional status of children in Indonesia. Once there, she saw that many
of the children and some adults suffer from night blindness. Which of the following
foods should she recommend be incorporated into the Indonesian diet to help prevent
future generations from developing this condition?
a.Sweet potato
b.Orange juice
c.Peanut butter
d.Powdered skim milk
27) Which of the following is a characteristic of Alzheimers disease?
a.It affects 95% of those over 80 years of age
b.It is responsive to dietary choline supplementation
c.It is associated with stability of brain nerve cell number
d.It is associated with clumps of beta-amyloid protein in the brain
28) When we eat refined white bread, the part of the wheat grain that we are eating is
the
bran
germ
endosperm
all of the above
29) Compare the protein needs of endurance and strength athletes.
30) The reasons the Pathways subjects chose to participate in the Nutrition Pathways
program included all of the following EXCEPT
a family history of heart disease
a family history of diabetes
having colon cancer
being overweight
31) What is a structure-function claim? Give 4 examples.
32) Describe the changes in protein metabolism that occur during and after physical
activity. What is the role of diet in fostering recovery from muscle stress?
33) Explain the food manufacturers responsibilities for the use of food additives.