1) A functional fiber is one that
a.occurs naturally in the intact plant
b.performs a specific function in the plant
c.is extracted from plants and has a beneficial health effect
d.is a polysaccharide that is stored primarily in muscle and liver of animals
2) What two systems coordinate all digestive/ absorptive processes?
a.Enzyme and thoracic
b.Portal and lymphatic
c.Nervous and endocrine
d.Transport and circulatory
3) Riboflavin is most easily destroyed when exposed to
a.heat
b.acid
c.alkali
d.ultraviolet light
4) What percentage of the U.S. population shows marginal or deficient vitamin D
status?
a.5
b.10
c.20
d.35
5) What glycemic index category would include yogurt and cheese?
a.Low
b.Moderate
c.High
d.Very high
6) Which of the following statements describes a risk factor for high blood pressure?
a.Three alcohol drinks per day increases the risk for developing high blood pressure
b.Most people are genetically sensitive to sodium and will develop high blood pressure
from excess salt intake
c.Ninety-five percent of people under 50 years of age with high blood pressure respond
favorably to low salt intake
d.Ninety-five percent of people with high blood pressure who restrict salt intake show a
significant decrease in blood pressure
7) Approximately how much urea (g) can be produced daily by the average adult?
a.5 g
b.50 g
c.100 g
d.250 g
8) Which of the following is a characteristic of botulism?
a.A chief symptom is diarrhea
b.A full recovery may take years
c.It is caused by the organism Staphylococcus aureus
d.It is a toxicant produced in foods stored under aerobic conditions
9) Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?
a.A
b.E
c.K
d.D
10) If you suspect that you are suffering from a foodborne illness, appropriate actions to
take include all of the following EXCEPT
a.refrain from eating or drinking any more of the tainted product
b.drink clear liquids to help combat diarrhea and vomiting, and call a physician
c.find a portion of the remaining suspected food and ask someone else to taste it to
detect any off flavors
d.find the remainder of the suspected food and store it in the refrigerator for possible
inspection by health authorities
11) List several beneficial roles of the intestinal flora.
12) Approximately how much iodized salt must be consumed to meet but not exceed
the RDA for iodine?
a.1 mg
b.1/2 teaspoon
c.1 teaspoon
d.1 tablespoon
13) Which of the following leads to the production of urea?
a.Oxidation of glucose
b.Oxidation of amino acids
c.Incomplete oxidation of fatty acids
d.Synthesis of protein from amino acids
14) What method is used to measure the amount of heat given off by the body?
a.Bomb calorimetry
b.Basal calorimetry
c.Direct calorimetry
d.Indirect calorimetry
15) Which of the following is NOT among the factors required for efficient dietary
absorption of vitamin B12?
a.Pepsin
b.Intrinsic factor
c.Hydrochloric acid
d.Mucosal cobalaminase
16) Why are hemoglobin and hematocrit tests of limited usefulness in the assessment of
iron status?
a.They are expensive to perform
b.They are notoriously inaccurate
c.They are late indicators of iron deficiency
d.The range of normal value is usually wide
17) Which of the following is NOT a rich source of dietary starch?
a.Grains
b.Fruits
c.Tubers
d.Legumes
18) Which of the following is a characteristic of glycogen synthesis after a bout of
strenuous training?
a.Glycogen synthesis is maximal beginning 2 hours after training
b.Glycogen synthesis proceeds at an even pace over the next 24 hours
c.Glycogen repletion is enhanced most by eating high-carbohydrate foods
d.Glycogen repletion is enhanced most by eating low-carbohydrate foods
19) Which of the following is a property of dietary lipids?
a.Omega-3 fatty acids are always unsaturated
b.Lipids that are solid at room temperature are classified as oils
c.The fatty acids in triglycerides may be of chain length 2 to 25 carbons
d.The most common fatty acid chain length in triglycerides is 10 carbons
20) The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome may be treated with supplements of
a.folacin
b.thiamin
c.vitamin C
d.vitamin B12
21) Which of the following minerals is least likely to be deficient in anyones diet?
a.Iron
b.Calcium
c.Chromium
d.Phosphorus
22) What is a food desert?
a.Worldwide crop failures due to drought and pestilence
b.Absence of fresh fruits and vegetables at certain times of the year
c.A neighborhood having limited access to nutritious and affordable food
d.A low-cost energy-dense snack sold primarily in poor neighborhoods
23) Where is calbindin primarily found in the body?
a.Liver
b.Kidneys
c.Intestine
d.Chylomicrons
24) Which of the following is NOT an effective therapy for constipation?
a.Increasing water intake
b.Decreasing fiber intake
c.Increasing physical activity
d.Responding promptly to the defecation signal
25) Food manufacturers prefer to use high-fructose corn syrup instead of sugar because
sugar
a.is more soluble
b.is more expensive
c.retains more moisture
d.contains less soluble fiber
26) A person ingesting large amounts of thyroid antagonist substances is at high risk of
developing
a.cretinism
b.simple goiter
c.high blood T3 levels
d.high blood thyroxine levels
27) Which of the following is a feature of vitamin B12 nutrition in vegetarians?
a.Vitamin B12 in fortified cereals has low bioavailability
b.Vegan mothers need only infrequent intake of vitamin B12-fortified cereals
c.The vitamin B12 in fermented soy products may be present in an inactive form
d.Infants born to vegan mothers are resistant to the development of vitamin B12
deficiency
28) Lipids that are solid at room temperature are known as
a.oils
b.fats
c.omegas
d.glycerols
29) In addition to the fiber found in cruciferous vegetables (cabbage and broccoli),
other compounds that might have a positive effect on cancers are known as
oxygen-retarding agents
phytochemicals
vitamin precursors
lipid oxidizers
30) Explain the association of type 2 diabetes with insulin resistance and insulin
deficiency.
31) In order to increase fiber intake, people with type II diabetes would be encouraged
to eat all of the following foods EXCEPT
orange juice
whole oranges
potatoes
broccoli
32) Discuss the potential consequences of adding phytochemicals to foods.
33) Long-term fasting can cause the heart muscle to
34) Describe the risks associated with caffeine intake during pregnancy.
35) Discuss the need for water in maintaining physical performance. What are the
symptoms of dehydration? What are the recommendations for ensuring that the body is
well hydrated prior to an athletic event?
36) Why is excess protein consumption by infants especially harmful? List the signs of
protein overload in infants. How can protein overload be prevented?
37) What are the disadvantages of consuming food that was grown far away?