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1) What is the major cause of iron deficiency?
a.Blood loss
b.Poor nutrition
c.Hereditary defect
d.Parasitic infections of the GI tract
2) Which of the following is a prominent feature of mild iodine deficiency in children?
a.Demineralization
b.Growth retardation
c.Discoloration of teeth
d.Poor performance in school
3) Large doses of nicotinic acid are known to result in all of the following EXCEPT
a.dilation of capillaries
b.increased HDL cholesterol
c.lowering of LDL cholesterol
d.disappearance of learning disorders in children
4) A child known to be allergic to peanuts who begins to show signs such as difficulty
breathing, swelling of the tongue, and severe abdominal discomfort is most likely in
immediate need of a life-saving injection of
a.cortisone
b.serotonin
c.epinephrine
d.acetylcholine
5) Which of the following foods are significant sources of oxalates?
a.Seeds and nuts
b.Processed cheeses
c.Fermented dairy products
d.Spinach and sweet potatoes
6) Biotin can be synthesized by
a.avidin
b.the skin
c.the liver
d.intestinal bacteria
7) The smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period,
maintains a specific function is called the nutrient
a.allowance
b.requirement
c.tolerable limit
d.adequate intake
8) Which one of the following compounds is missing 4 or more hydrogen atoms?
a.Monounsaturated fatty acid
b.Polyunsaturated fatty acid
c.Long-chain saturated fatty acid
d.Short-chain saturated fatty acid
9) Which of the following is NOT a feature of stomach acid?
a.Its secretion is stimulated by ingestion of regular coffee
b.Its secretion is stimulated by ingestion of decaffeinated coffee
c.It destroys most of the bacteria entering the stomach from food ingestion
d.Its potentially destructive action on stomach cells is prevented by the presence of bile
10) Of the following, which would most readily induce a vitamin K deficiency?
a.Achlorhydria
b.Antibiotic therapy
c.Presence of oxalic acid in food
d.Insufficient intake of green leafy vegetables
11) Caffeine is permitted as a food additive because it is part of the
a.GRAS list
b.Delaney Clause
c.WHO Mandate of 1985
d.USDA Bulletin of 1962
12) Keratinization is the result of
a.toxicity of vitamin A
b.toxicity of vitamin D
c.deficiency of vitamin A
d.deficiency of vitamin D
13) Matching
1>Immune cells that produce antibodies
2>Immune cells that attack antigens
3>A type of protein that can act as an antibody
4>Immune cells that practice phagocytosis
5>The primary cause of death in the United States
6>Disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids on the inner arterial walls
7>An accumulation of lipid material embedded in arterial walls
8>A blood clot that has broken loose and circulates in the bloodstream
9>A blood clot that is attached to arterial plaque
10>Small, cell-like bodies required for formation of a blood clot
11>The bulging of an artery commonly caused by elevated blood pressure
12>Consequence of a clot that stops blood flow to the brain
13>This type of diabetes is always controlled by insulin injections
14>This type of diabetes is usually controlled without insulin injections
15>Term that describes the death of tissue due to deficient blood supply, common in
severe cases of diabetes
16>When cancers spread to other tissues of the body
17>An abnormal mass of cells
18>Substance or event that gives rise to a cancer
19>Substance that favors cancer development after cellular DNA has been altered
20>A carcinogen in fried potato products
A.B-cells B.T-cells C.Stroke D.Tumor E.Plaque F.Initiator G.Platelets H.Embolus
I.Promoter J.Gangrene K.Thrombus L.Aneurysm M.Metastasis N.Acrylamide
O.Macrophages P.Heart disease Q.Atherosclerosis R.Type 1 diabetes S.Type 2 diabetes
T.Immunoglobulin
14) Inspection of hair, eyes, skin, and posture is part of the nutrition assessment
component known as
a.diet history
b.anthropometrics
c.biochemical testing
d.physical examination
15) Which of the following is NOT among the functions of the liver?
a.Synthesis of urea
b.Synthesis of glycogen
c.Production of red blood cells
d.Conversion of fructose to fatty acids
16) After the pancreatic juices have mixed with chyme in the small intestine, which of
the following describes the pH of the resulting mixture?
a.Very acidic
b.Moderately acidic
c.Strongly alkaline
d.Approximately neutral
17) Which of the following is a feature of whey protein?
a.It is a high-priced protein supplement
b.It is chemically extracted from gelatin
c.It is a waste product of cheese production
d.Regular consumption by athletes enhances performance
18) Which of the following is the best evidence that environment must play a role in
obesity?
a.The rate of obesity has been rising while the gene pool has remained relatively
constant
b.The recognition that identical twins reared apart have body weights similar to their
biological parents
c.The development of precise body composition methodologies that define adipose
storage sites based on gender
d.The discovery of uncoupling proteins that explain the variations in energy metabolism
among lean and overweight people
19) Which of the following is a feature of AIDS?
a.It has no cure
b.Its prevention depends on good nutrition
c.It cannot pass from mother to infant during breastfeeding
d.It is among the 10 leading causes of death in the United States
20) Which of the following is true regarding B vitamins and homocysteine metabolism?
a.Folate catabolyzes homocysteine
b.Biotin supplements reduce blood homocysteine levels
c.Excessive homocysteine intake reduces vitamin B12 absorption
d.High blood homocysteine levels correlate with reduced incidence of colon cancer
21) Which of the following conditions or diseases are known to be caused by a
deficiency of the same nutrient?
a.Osteomalacia and rickets
b.Xerophthalmia and breath pentane release
c.Kwashiorkor and fibrocystic breast disease
d.Hemolytic anemia and large-cell type anemia
22) Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus in nutrition?
a.Rich sources include fresh vegetables
b.Dietary deficiencies are virtually unknown
c.Absorption is known to be reduced by soft drink consumption
d.Its participation in bone synthesis requires equivalent intake of dietary calcium
23) Which of the following is the most appropriate method to thaw turkey?
a.In the refrigerator
b.At room temperature
c.On top of a warm oven
d.Under very low heat in the oven
24) Matching
1>Number of people per 100 in the U.S. population who are at least 65 years old
2>Dietary restriction of this extends lifespan in animals
3>Loss of muscle mass
4>Percentage of people over age 60 with atrophic gastritis
5>Term that describes difficulty swallowing
6>A condition characterized, in part, by an inflamed stomach and abundant bacteria
7>Lack of this substance is a symptom of atrophic gastritis
8>Stomach bacterial utilization of this nutrient increases risk for deficiency
9>Compounds of nitrogen-containing bases such as adenine, guanine, and caffeine
10>Percent decline per decade in energy needs from age 50 and on
11>Low intake of milk by elderly people contributes to deficiency of this nutrient
12>Thickening of the eye lenses that occurs with aging
13>Type of arthritis resulting in deterioration of joint cartilage
14>Nutrient that may reduce inflammation of rheumatoid arthritic joints
15>Type of arthritis involving a defective immune system
16>Percentage of U.S. adults age 85 years and older with Alzheimers disease
17>Substance that is essential to the memory process
18>Substance found in the brains of people with Alzheimers disease
19>Intake of this substance along with milk reduces calcium absorption
20>Intake of this substance interferes with utilization of many cardiovascular and
central nervous system drugs
A.5 B.13 C.33 D.50 E.Energy F.Cataracts G.Vitamin D H.Dysphagia I.Beta-amyloid
J.Sarcopenia K.Purines L.Vitamin B12 M.Tetracycline N.Acetylcholine
O.Osteoarthritis P.Grapefruit juice Q.Atrophic gastritis R.Hydrochloric acid S.Omega-3
fatty acids T.Rheumatoid arthritis
25) Of the following sources of amino acids, which would be best absorbed in normal,
healthy people?
a.Whole proteins
b.Predigested proteins
c.Proteins from raw foods
d.Mixture of free amino acids
26) What component of soy is thought to account for most of its beneficial effects on
bone health?
a.Fiber
b.Protein
c.Calcium
d.Phytochemicals
27) Which of the following is NOT a feature of the effect of food accessibility on food
intake?
a.Keeping food out of sight is an effective way to eat less
b.People underestimate the amount of a snack eaten when it is a short distance away
c.People eat more of a snack when it is on their desk than when situated only 6 feet
away
d.People at home would rather travel to the store to obtain new food than eat the
leftovers
28) Which of the following is associated with the presence of tissue edema in
kwashiorkor?
a.Inadequate intake of water
b.Excessive intake of dietary protein
c.Low concentration of blood protein
d.High concentration of blood protein
29) The Heimlich maneuver may be helpful in conditions associated with
a.choking
b.vomiting
c.heartburn
d.constipation
30) Estrogen therapy for osteoporosis is often rejected because it may increase risk for
a.cancer
b.heart disease
c.hypertension
d.diverticulosis
31) The percentages of kcalorie intakes for protein, fat, and carbohydrate that are
thought to reduce the risk of chronic diseases are termed the
a.Estimated Energy Requirements
b.Tolerable Range of Kilocalorie Intakes
c.Estimated Energy Nutrient Recommendations
d.Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges
32) Which of the following is a characteristic of liposuction?
a.It often improves blood pressure and insulin sensitivity
b.The typical loss of body weight ranges from 25 to 50 lbs
c.Within a year, body fat returns, primarily to the abdomen
d.It is considered a valid but slightly less effective alternative to gastric bypass
33) If the carbohydrate content of the diet is insufficient to meet the bodys needs for
glucose, which of the following can be converted to glucose?
a.Fatty acids
b.Acetyl CoA
c.Amino acids
d.Carbon dioxide
34) When consumed in excess, all of the following can be converted to body fat and
stored EXCEPT
a.sugar
b.corn oil
c.alcohol
d.vitamin C
35) Which of the following is a feature of vitamin K?
a.It participates in synthesis of bone proteins
b.Large amounts can be stored in adipose tissue
c.Good food sources are legumes and raw fruits
d.Intestinal bacterial synthesis provides over 90% of the bodys need for most people
36) Of the three subjects who participated in the Nutrition Pathways program, the
subject(s) who had the most life threatening condition included the one(s)
with type II diabetes
who was overweight
with high blood cholesterol
a and c
37) How do the elderly respond to strength training?
38) The greatest danger from vomiting is
39) Experts suggest that the threshold of fat intake to prevent
breast cancer is
less than 30% of total kcalories
less than 20% of total kcalories
about 30% of total kcalories
about 45% of total kcalories
40) The best examples of protein sources for people with high blood cholesterol are
meat and fish
beans and rice
milk and dairy products
any of the above
