1) What primary factor governs the quality of a food protein?
a.Fat content
b.Essential amino acid content
c.Complex carbohydrate content
d.Nonessential amino acid content
2) Which of the following is a feature of the electron transport chain?
a.It captures energy in the high-energy bonds of ATP
b.It pumps carbon dioxide across the mitochondrial membrane
c.It is composed of a series of coenzymes that transfer electrons up a concentration
gradient
d.It combines oxygen from carbon dioxide with hydrogen generated from the splitting
of water
3) You have just started work as a summer camp counselor and completed a training
session for all the new employees on safety. Counselors were instructed to prohibit
campers from eating peanut butter and jelly sandwiches anywhere other than the
cafeteria. You believe that the most likely explanation for this rule is to
a.prevent food poisoning
b.help keep the facilities clean
c.minimize jelly exposure for campers with jelly allergies
d.minimize peanut exposure for campers with peanut allergies
4) Which of the following is a food contaminant formed during chlorine treatment of
wood used in the manufacture of paper?
a.Dioxin
b.Alginate
c.Acrylamide
d.Hydrochloride
5) What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells?
a.ATP
b.Glucose
c.Pyruvate
d.A kcalorie
6) What structure controls the passage of material from the small intestine to the large
intestine?
a.Pyloric valve
b.Ileocecal valve
c.Colonic sphincter
d.Jejunal sphincter
7) Which of the following should NOT be used to feed an infant?
a.Whole milk
b.Ready-to-feed formula
c.Liquid concentrate formula appropriately diluted
d.Powdered formula or evaporated milk formula appropriately reconstituted
8) What is meant by potable water?
a.Water fit for drinking
b.Water that must be boiled before drinking
c.Water that must be chlorinated before drinking
d.Water suitable only for use on lawns and gardens
9) What is a limiting amino acid in a protein?
a.A nonessential amino acid present in high amounts, which inhibits protein synthesis
b.An amino acid of the wrong structure to be utilized for protein synthesis efficiently
c.An essential amino acid present in insufficient quantity for body protein synthesis to
take place
d.An amino acid that limits the absorption of other essential amino acids by competing
with them for transport sites within the GI tract
10) How are ketones formed?
a.Condensation of lactic acid molecules
b.Condensation of acetyl CoA molecules
c.Hydrolysis of excess glycerol fragments
d.Hydrolysis of excess pyruvate fragments
11) The disease phenylketonuria is related chiefly to abnormal metabolism of
a.lactose
b.omega-3 fats
c.soy polysaccharides
d.a certain amino acid
12) Which of the following is NOT a sphincter muscle?
a.Anus
b.Cardiac
c.Duodenum
d.Ileocecal valve
13) Which of the following represents an indirect measure of the amount of energy
released from food?
a.The increase in heat given off when the food is burned
b.Quantity of oxygen consumed when the food is burned
c.Quantity of carbon dioxide consumed when the food is burned
d.The increase in heat retained by the food when it is slowly brought to 100 C
14) All of the following are characteristics of the results of weight-loss surgery
EXCEPT
a.hunger is suppressed
b.deficiencies of vitamins and minerals are common in the long term
c.dramatic improvements are seen in blood lipids, diabetes, and blood pressure
d.medical supervision in the postsurgery period is required only for the first 6-9 months
15) Which of the following is NOT among the general features of biotin in nutrition?
a.It functions in the breakdown of amino acids and fatty acids
b.It functions as a carrier of carbon dioxide in energy metabolism
c.A deficiency can be induced by ingesting large quantities of raw egg whites
d.A deficiency can be induced by ingesting large amounts of thiamin and folic acid,
which interfere with its absorption
16) What percentage of the worlds adult population show good tolerance to lactose
ingestion?
a.30
b.55
c.80
d.95
17) Examine the following menu for a pregnant woman.
According to the recommended food intake for pregnancy, which of the following food
groups is the only one that is provided in sufficient amounts by this menu?
a.Milk
b.Protein foods
c.Vegetables
d.Grains
18) Which of the following is a feature of osteocalcin?
a.It activates lysosomes involved in remodeling bone
b.It binds calcium in the GI tract to enhance absorption
c.It requires vitamin K to bind to bone-forming minerals
d.It works synergistically with the kidneys to reduce urinary calcium excretion
19) Which of the following plays a major role in regulating the elimination of alcohol
from the body?
a.Lung respiratory rate
b.Kidney antidiuretic hormone
c.Liver alcohol dehydrogenase
d.Brain acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
20) How much fruit juice (100%) is equivalent to 1 cup of fresh fruit?
a.0.25 cup
b.0.5 cup
c.1 cup
d.2 cups
21) Which of the following characteristics are shared by copper and fluoride?
a.Both may be obtained from drinking tap water
b.Both serve as cofactors for a number of enzymes
c.Neither is involved in the integrity of bones and teeth
d.Neither is known to be toxic at intakes of 10 times the estimated safe and adequate
dietary intake
22) Approximately what percentage of the worlds new infants are currently born into
poverty?
a.5
b.25
c.55
d.95
23) A feature of ketosis is that it
a.occurs from lack of protein in the diet
b.occurs when fats are partially oxidized
c.results from excess acetoacetate in the diet
d.results from excess carbohydrate in the diet
24) If a normal person expends 1200 kcalories while at rest, approximately how many
are used by the brain?
a.40
b.100
c.200
d.300
25) What is/are the main function(s) of vitamin D?
a.Promotes secretion of calcitonin
b.Promotes synthesis of 7-dehydrocholesterol
c.Promotes synthesis of carotenoids and controls absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
d.Promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption and promotes calcium mobilization
from bone
26) Among the following water-soluble vitamins, a secondary deficiency would most
likely be seen for
a.biotin
b.thiamin
c.vitamin C
d.vitamin B12
27) Microangiopathies are disorders of the
a.kidneys
b.pancreas
c.capillaries
d.coronary vessels
28) For optimal performance, the athletes precompetition meal may include all of the
following EXCEPT
a.pasta
b.beans
c.breads
d.potatoes
29) Among all the vitamins, which is believed to be most vulnerable to interactions with
drugs?
a.Folate
b.Niacin
c.Vitamin B6
d.Vitamin B12
30) The usual pH of gastric juice is approximately
a.2
b.4
c.6
d.7
31) Which of the following is NOT true about digestion?
a.Salivary glands contribute little to digestion
b.The pyloric sphincter opens about 3 times a minute
c.Saliva contains enzymes that digest sugars, fats, and proteins
d.The liver and pancreas contribute essential fluids to the digestive process
32) As a percentage of daily energy intake, what is the recommended range for the
essential fatty acids?
a.2.5-5.5
b.5.6-11.2
c.12-19
d.20-35
33) Describe the effects of environmental contaminants, including the bioaccumulation
of toxic substances.
34) Elderly people are usually subjects in studies on the immune system because as
they age their immune systems
become stronger, allowing us to study longevity
are more likely to be resistant to unusual viruses
become the models to see how nutrition impacts immunity
have been exposed to more viruses and bacterial infections
35) What is the association between C-reactive protein levels in the blood and risk for
heart attacks?
36) Explain the importance of the placebo and the double-blind technique in carrying
out research studies.
37) Discuss the advantages of using RUTF for treatment of severe acute malnutrition.