1) Which of the following is NOT a basic unit derived from food?
a.Glycerol
b.Starches
c.Fatty acids
d.Amino acids
2) Which of the following is an overt symptom of iron deficiency?
a.Anemia
b.Headaches
c.Skin dryness
d.Decreased red blood cell count
3) Which of the following would NOT be permitted on a macrobiotic diet?
a.Small amounts of dairy
b.Small amounts of seeds
c.Abundant amounts of legumes
d.Abundant amounts of whole grains
4) Which of the following is a characteristic of antibiotic use in livestock?
a.Development of antibiotic-resistant organisms is very rare
b.Proper cooking of the meat destroys any traces of antibiotics
c.Farmers use more than 5 times more antibiotic in livestock than physicians use in
people
d.Because the antibiotics have a short half-life, the FDA permits slaughter of the
animals at any time
5) What term signifies when a cell makes a protein under the directions of a gene?
a.Gene encoding
b.Gene expression
c.Protein secretion
d.Protein amplification
6) Which of the following is NOT among the common signs of pellagra?
a.Diarrhea
b.Dementia
c.Dermatitis
d.Desiccation
7) What term describes an abnormal cell mass that is not cancer?
a.Benign tumor
b.Promoting tumor
c.Malignant tumor
d.Premalignant tumor
8) Which of the following is a feature of sodium and health?
a.Salt sensitivity is generally rare in African-Americans
b.High sodium intake is known to promote calcium excretion
c.High sodium intake over many years leads to hypertension in most people
d.Sodium alone and sodium in salt have nearly equivalent effects on blood pressure
9) What is the adult RDA for vitamin B6?
a.1.3 mg/day
b.5.5 mg/day
c.15 mg/day
d.22 mg/day
10) Studies show that regular consumption of fatty fish leads to
a.lower blood pressure
b.higher blood cholesterol
c.greater tendency of the blood to clot
d.decreased storage of omega-3 fatty acids
11) Among the following ethnic groups, which has the lowest risk for type 2 diabetes?
a.American whites
b.Asian Americans
c.African Americans
d.Native Americans
12) Which of the following is NOT a property of fiber?
a.It delays gastric emptying
b.It provides a feeling of satiety
c.It elevates blood glucose levels
d.It contributes about 1.5-2.5 kcalories per gram
13) The frequent urination common in diabetes is known as
a.polyuria
b.polyphagia
c.polyuresis
d.pseudodiuresis
14) The acronym AIDS stands for
a.altered individual defense system
b.aortic infected dystrophic syndrome
c.acquired immune deficiency syndrome
d.aneurysm internal development system
15) Matching
1>The bodys ability to deal with stress
2>The capacity of the joints to move with less chance of injury
3>Increase in muscle size and strength
4>A precursor in the formation of a high-energy compound in muscle cells
5>Required for aerobic metabolism
6>A chief substance of the Cori cycle that is released by muscles
7>Depletion of this substance leads runners to experience hitting the wall
8>Recommended amount of carbohydrate as percentage of total energy intake of
endurance athletes
9>Substance in muscle that serves as a source of energy and water
10>Number of minutes after starting a physical activity that blood fatty acid
concentrations begin to rise
11>Suggested protein intake (g per day) for a 70-kg male competitive body builder
12>Transient condition of low blood hemoglobin in athletes
13>Early symptoms of this disorder include nausea and stumbling
14>Number of kcalories expended from evaporation of one liter of sweat
15>Early symptoms of this disorder include shivering and feeling cold
16>The replacement of fluids during physical activities
17>Recommended amount of water intake, in cups, for each pound of body weight lost
from physical activity
18>Stimulant used to enhance performance during exercise
19>Depressant that promotes fluid losses
20>Recommended carbohydrate intake, in g/kg body weight, of athletes in heavy
training
A.2 B.6-10 C.20 D.70 E.105 F.600 GOxygen H.Fitness I.Alcohol J.Caffeine K.Glucose
L.Creatine M.Glycogen N.Hydration O.Flexibility P.Lactate QHypertrophy
R.Hypothermia S.Hyperthermia T.Sports anemia
16) Which of the following enzymes does NOT act on simple sugars?
a.Lactase
b.Sucrase
c.Amylase
d.Maltase
17) Caffeine is permitted as a food additive because it is part of the
a.GRAS list
b.Delaney Clause
c.WHO Mandate of 1985
d.USDA Bulletin of 1962
18) All of the following practices are known to minimize exposure to food pesticide
residues EXCEPT
a.throwing away the outer leaves of leafy vegetables
b.using a knife to peel citrus fruits rather than biting into the peel
c.throwing away the fats and oils in broths and pan drippings from cooked meats
d.washing waxed fruits and vegetables in water to remove the wax-impregnated
pesticides
19) If the diet contains precursor vitamin A, which of the following tissues can use it to
form vitamin A?
a.Eyes
b.Kidneys
c.Adipose cells
d.Intestinal cells
20) What is the classification given to a substance put into food to give it a certain
color?
a.Indirect additive
b.Incidental additive
c.Peripheral additive
d.Intentional additive
21) Which of the following body organs does not secrete digestive enzymes?
a.Liver
b.Stomach
c.Pancreas
d.Salivary glands
22) People who show adverse reactions to foods such as increased pulse rate, nausea,
and hives, but do NOT show antibodies to the offending foods, are displaying
a.food intolerances
b.delayed allergies
c.subclinical allergies
d.undiagnosed food toxicities
23) During the first few days of a fast, what energy source provides about 90% of the
glucose needed to fuel the body?
a.Protein
b.Ketones
c.Glycogen
d.Triglycerides
24) What is the best approach to weight loss?
a.Avoid foods containing carbohydrates
b.Eliminate all fats from the diet and decrease water intake
cGreatly increase protein intake to prevent body protein loss
dReduce daily energy intake and increase energy expenditure
25) Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor for development of rickets in
the United States?
a.Obese
b.Female
c.African-Americans
d.Lacto-ovo vegetarian
26) Which of the following is NOT a typical component of stools?
a.Water
b.Fiber
c.Starch
d.Bacteria
27) What is the function of mucus in the stomach?
a.Emulsifies fats
b.Neutralizes stomach acid
c.Activates pepsinogen to pepsin
d.Protects stomach cells from gastric juices
28) Which of the following can the body use to synthesize vitamin D?
a.Bone
b.Carotene
c.Tryptophan
d.Exposure to sunlight
29) What is the fate of excess dietary protein?
a.After absorption, the liver will store the extra amino acids
b.After absorption, the extra amino acids will be rapidly degraded
c.Digestion will be decreased by 30 to 60%, resulting in less absorption
d.After absorption, extra proteins will be synthesized and stored for use when protein
intake returns to normal
30) The effects of vitamin A deficiency are most severe in what population group?
a.Adults
b.Elderly
c.Newborns
d.Adolescents
31) Which of the following can be synthesized from all three energy-yielding nutrients?
a.Lactate
b.Glycogen
c.Acetyl CoA
d.Oxaloacetate
32) Which of the following is a feature of sodium nutrition?
a.It has no AI because diets rarely lack sodium
b.It has no AI because the kidneys are highly efficient at regulating sodium balance
c.The AI is 3 g, an amount that has been shown to have little or no effect on blood
pressure
d.The AI for young adults is only 1500 mg because the body possesses an unusually
efficient retention mechanism
33) Which of the following blood glucose concentrations (mg/dL) is most consistent
with hypoglycemia?
a.40
b.80
c.115
d.150
34) What type of deficiency is caused by inadequate absorption of a nutrient?
a.Primary
b.Clinical
c.Secondary
d.Subclinical
35) Which of the following minerals is a cofactor in the formation of hemoglobin?
a.Iodine
b.Copper
c.Sodium
d.Calcium
36) All of the following are other names for vitamin D EXCEPT
a.calcitriol
b.calciferol
c.calcitonin
d.cholecalciferol
37) List strategies for lowering fat intake with minimal impact on diet palatability.
38) Regardless of the intensity of an exercise program, the best diet emphasizes
protein
fat
carbohydrate
water
39) Define and provide examples of aerobic physical activity, moderate-intensity
physical activity, and vigorous-intensity physical activity.
40) Outline the interconversions of the different forms of vitamin A, and the chief
functions of each form.
41) 0The highest at-risk age for pregnancy is
6-years postmenarchy
4-years postmenarchy
2-years postmenarchy
none of the above
42) Define the subcategories of food security and food insecurity.
43) List possible reasons for the increase in the incidence of peanut allergy.
44) What was developed by nutrition scientists in 1940 to help the nation prevent
deficiencies?