1) What is intestinal ischemia?
a.Reduced blood flow to the intestines
b.Chronic episodes of reverse peristalsis
c.Construction of intestinal lymph supply
d.Inflammation of two or more sphincter muscles
2) Which of the following sources of nutrition for infants is least likely to become
contaminated with microorganisms?
a.Soy formula
b.Breast milk
c.Iron-fortified formula
d.Liquid concentrate formula
3) During digestion of a meal, how many times does the pyloric sphincter open in 10
minutes time?
a.1
b.5
c.10
d.20
4) The concentration of electrolyte charges is measured in
a.solute minerals
b.milliequivalents
c.ionic dissociates
d.total atomic masses
5) Which of the following is a feature of the taste buds?
a.They react only with particles in solution
b.They are located throughout the oral cavity
c.They produce amylase but not pepsin or lipase
d.A single taste bud can sense only one of the basic taste sensations at a time
6) High-fructose corn syrup contains significant amounts of
a.glucose
b.maltose
c.sucrose
d.galactose
7) Which of the following is considered a major source of polyunsaturated fat?
a.Corn oil
b.Palm oil
c.Peanut oil
d.Chicken fat
8) The presence of fat in the intestines stimulates cells of the intestinal wall to release
a.lipase
b.gastrin
c.secretin
d.cholecystokinin
9) In general, the protein quality in grains would be most improved by the addition of a
plant protein rich in
a.lysine
b.tryptophan
c.phenylalanine
d.glutamic acid
10) In the adult body, food energy not stored as fat or glycogen is lost as
a.heat
b.photons
c.carbon dioxide
d.electromagnetic radiation
11) What is the Tolerable Upper Intake
a.200 g
b.450 g
c.1100 g
d.2000 g
12) Which of the following is NOT a 3-carbon compound?
a.Lactate
b.Glycerol
c.Pyruvate
d.Acetyl CoA
13) Which of the following is a feature of butter and margarine?
a.Butter is a major source of trans fatty acids
b.Butter contains more saturated fat and cholesterol than margarine does
c.Margarine contains approximately half as much cholesterol as butter does
d.Stick margarine contains half as much trans-fatty acids as soft margarine does
14) Explain the precautions that should be taken to minimize the risk of travelers
diarrhea.
15) Which of the following is a characteristic of a food allergy?
a.It always elicits symptoms in the person
b.It always involves the production of antibodies
c.It always shows up immediately after exposure to the allergic food
d.It is elicited from very small, simple molecules as well as large, complex molecules
16) After digestion and absorption, an amino acid not used to build protein will first be
subjected to
a.removal of its amino group
b.removal of its carboxyl group
c.hydrolysis of its peptide bond
d.condensation of its peptide bond
17) How much more grain is consumed by livestock than by people?
a.About the same
b.One-half as much
c.5 times as much
d.10 times as much
18) What is the chief function of hemosiderin?
a.Stores excess body iron
b.Inhibits hemoglobin synthesis
c.Enhances heme iron absorption
d.Enhances nonheme iron absorption
19) Which of the following carbohydrates is present in only very small amounts in
single form in the diet?
a.Lactose
b.Glucose
c.Fructose
d.Galactose
20) The worst famine in the 20th century occurred in
a.India.
b.China.
c.Africa.
d.Ireland.
21) Which of the following describes a process in protein synthesis?
a.The code to make a protein is carried by a strand of messenger RNA
b.The final step in completing the protein is carried out in the mitochondria
c.The function of transfer RNA is to assist in absorption of amino acids into the cell
d.The DNA binds to ribosomes and directs uptake of specific amino acids to form the
peptide chain
22) What unintended benefit is derived from the freezing of fish by the food industry?
a.The fish becomes tenderized
b.Mature parasitic worms are killed
c.Botulinum toxin becomes inactivated
d.The toxins from hepatitis A and B are destroyed
23) What is the storage site of bile?
a.Liver
b.Pancreas
c.Gallbladder
d.Intestinal epithelial cells
24) A child is brought into the emergency room with breathing difficulties. He also has
difficulty swallowing and speaking. The mother mentions that he ate some
home-canned beans yesterday. You suspect microbiological food poisoning. The most
likely toxin is
a.botulinum toxin
b.giardiasis toxin
c.Salmonella toxin
d.Campylobacter toxin
25) Which of the following is NOT among the features of a food group plan?
a.Defines portion sizes
b.Considered a tool for diet planning
c.Sorts foods of similar water content
d.Specifies the amounts of food from each group
26) The weight (lbs) of a healthy newborn infant ranges from
a.4-4 1/2
b.5-6
c.6 1/2-8
d.8 1/2-10
27) Which of the following characteristics is shared by zinc and iron?
a.Good food sources include dairy products
b.Proteins in the blood are needed for their transport
c.Severe deficiencies lead to delay in the onset of puberty
d.Doses of 10 times the RDA may cause death in children
28) Which of the following is a feature of fluoride in nutrition?
a.Most bottled waters are fluoridated
b.A severe deficiency is known as fluorosis
c.Fluorapatite refers to an increase in the desire to eat fluoride-rich foods
d.A deficiency contributes to the most widespread health problem in the United States
29) Which of the following is NOT among factors known to raise homocysteine levels?
a.High folate intake
b.Smoking cessation
c.Arginine consumption
d.Excess alcohol intake
30) What is the relative weight of an infant brain compared to an adults brain?
a.Half as much
b.About the same
c.Three times as much
d.Six times as much
31) When you are under physical stress, what hormone is released quickly to stimulate
an increase in blood glucose concentration?
a.Insulin
b.Secretin
c.Glucogen
d.Epinephrine
32) Matching:
1>Disaccharide containing fructose
2>Chemical reaction that links two molecules together
3>Chemical reaction that splits a larger molecule into smaller molecules
4>A complex carbohydrate in muscle
5>A complex carbohydrate in legumes
6>Structurally similar to starch but resistant to digestion
7>A water-soluble fiber
8>A water-insoluble fiber
9>Site where digestion of disaccharides takes place
10>Site where digestion of starch begins
11>Site where fibers may be metabolized to short-chain fatty acids
12>When digested, yields galactose
13>Substance that signals the release of glucose into blood
14>Substance that signals removal of glucose from the blood
15>Normal blood glucose level, in mg per 100 mL blood
16>Stress hormone that modulates blood glucose
17>Processed syrup made from cornstarch
18>Number of kcalories provided by a 16-ounce regular soda
19>An alternative sweetener
20>RDA for carbohydrates, in g/day
A.100 B.130 C.200 D.Pectin E.Insulin F.Mouth G.Starch H.Sucrose I.Lactose J.Lignin
K.Sucralose L.Glycogen M.Glucagon N.Cellulose O.Hydrolysis P.HFCS Q.Epinephrine
R.Condensation S.Small intestine T.Large intestine
33) A characteristic of farm-raised fish is they are
a.lower in omega-3 fats
b.higher in soluble fiber
c.higher in trace elements
d.usually higher in mercury
34) What is complementary protein nutrition?
a.A dietary program that involves eating vegetable and animal proteins on alternating
days
b.A strategy that combines plant proteins in the same day to improve the balance of
essential amino acids
c.A technique developed specifically for the elderly that involves optimizing the ratio of
protein intake to energy intake
d.A body process that involves synthesis of crucial proteins from amino acids made
available by the breakdown of storage proteins
35) Which of the following provides the least amount of precursor vitamin A?
a.Corn
b.Spinach
c.Carrots
d.Cantaloupe
36) Which of the following fibers is water insoluble?
a.Gums
b.Pectins
c.Cellulose
d.Mucilages
37) According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, how many people in
the United States experience foodborne illnesses every year?
a.0.5 million
b.12 million
c.48 million
d.150 million
38) The minimum amount of water that must be excreted by the body to dispose of its
wastes is termed
a.life supporting fluid loss
b.mandatory water fraction
c.obligatory water excretion
d.minimum daily water requirement
39) Which of the following sweeteners contains a significant amount of calcium?
a.Molasses
b.Brown sugar
c.Maple sugar
d.Invert sugar
40) At the end of your class presentation on Acute Malnutrition, a student asks you to
clarify how the rapid onset of malnutrition occurs in kwashiorkor. How should you
respond?
a.It is the result of an inborn error of metabolism
b.It is usually synchronized with the drought season in each respective country
c.It is typically seen in patients who are 2-5 years old due to the sudden change in diet
arising from their dislike for breast milk as they grow older
d.It is typically seen in patients after weaning due to the sudden change in diet arising
from their being weaned from breast milk after the birth of a sibling
41) Compare and contrast the risks from consuming margarine or butter.
42) Discuss food cravings and food aversions that develop in some women who become
pregnant.
43) People with AIDS must have good nutritional support because
malnutrition can negatively impact the immune system further
good nutrition can add years of life to the AIDS patient
they will not be able to fight opportunistic infections as well without good nutrition
all of the above
44) 0The risk associated with teenage pregnancy is a
low-birthweight infant
high-birthweight infant
low incidence of miscarriage
high incidence of gestational diabetes
45) What vitamin does meat provide that is NOT in plant-based diets?
vitamin A
vitamin D
vitamin B12
riboflavin
46) Why can antioxidants behave differently in the body depending upon their level of
intake?
47) In addition to regular exercise, equally important in the
prevention of heart disease is
reducing fat intake, especially saturated fat
increasing monounsaturated fat intake
eliminating cholesterol from the diet
reducing the servings of dairy in the diet
48) Describe the major events of digestion that occur in the mouth, stomach, and small
intestine.
49) Give examples of associations between maternal food choices and breast milk
flavor.