1) Approximately what percentage of the bodys store of vitamin K is derived from GI
tract bacterial synthesis?
a.Less than 5
b.25
c.50
d.85
2) What is reflux?
a.Hard, dry, stools
b.Backward flow of chyme
c.Soft, poorly formed stools
d.The mixture of bile and pancreatic juice
3) Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Adequate Intake (AI) and the
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)?
a.Both values exceed the average requirements
b.AI values are more tentative than RDA values
c.The percentage of people covered is known for both values
d.Both values may serve as nutrient intake goals for individuals
4) Calcium-binding protein acts within the
a.kidneys
b.intestine
c.cortical bone
d.trabecular bone
5) The approximate percentage of water in pizza is
a.5
b.15
c.30
d.45
6) Explain how a deficiency of copper can lead to iron deficiency anemia.
7) Which of the following vitamins is known to sustain substantial losses during
processing of food?
a.Biotin
b.Niacin
c.Vitamin B12
d.Pantothenic acid
8) What carcinogen is known to be produced when high-carbohydrate foods are cooked
at high temperatures?
a.Dioxins
b.Acrylamides
c.Carrageenan
d.Nitrosamines
9) If a persons maximum heart rate is 220 beats/min, what is his safe maximum heart
rate during vigorous exercise?
a.110
b.142
c.165
d.187
10) What is umami?
a.The flavor of monosodium glutamate
b.The opening between the duodenum and jejunum
c.The intestinal enzyme that hydrolyzes fish proteins
d.An intestinal enzyme that hydrolyzes dietary nucleic acids
11) Which of the following is a byproduct of the condensation of two molecules of
glucose?
a.Water
b.Oxygen
c.Hydrogen
d.Carbon dioxide
12) Which of the following is a characteristic of egg nutrition?
a.Eggs are high in both cholesterol and saturated fat
b.High omega-3 fat eggs are now available by prescription only
c.Although it is high in cholesterol, the egg is low in saturated fat
d.Even in people with a healthy lipid profile, consumption of one egg/day is detrimental
13) What is the most common source of bottled water?
a.Glacier run-off
b.Springs and wells
c.Rivers in the wilderness
d.Municipal water supplies
14) A person on a low-fiber diet is at increased risk for experiencing elevated rectal vein
pressure leading to formation of
a.reflux
b.hiccups
c.hemorrhoids
d.peptic ulcers
15) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of caffeine use in physical activity?
a.It slows depletion of muscle glycogen
b.It often induces stomach upset and diarrhea
c.It acts as a physiological and psychological stimulant
d.It is permitted in moderation by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)
16) A bolus is conducted past the diaphragm through the
a.epiglottis
b.stomach
c.esophagus
d.large intestine
17) A low-protein diet in which corn is a principal food has been found to cause a
deficiency of what vitamin?
a.Niacin
b.Thiamin
c.Vitamin C
d.Vitamin B12
18) Which of the following are examples of heavy metals?
a.Mercury and lead
b.Iron and chromium
c.Carbon and nitrogen
d.Molybdenum and fluoride
19) All of the following are acceptable definitions of the term fitness EXCEPT
a.the ability of the body to resist stress
b.the ability of the body to perform physical activity without undue stress
c.the ability to maintain a normal body composition and remain free of injury while
performing strenuous physical tasks
d.the ability to meet normal physical and emotional demands while maintaining an
energy reserve sufficient to overcome an immediate challenge
20) In comparison to the composition of carbohydrates and fats, which element found
in proteins makes them unique?
a.Carbon
b.Oxygen
c.Nitrogen
d.Hydrogen
21) Which of the following describes the legal limitations, if any, for a person who
disseminates dietary advice to the public?
a.The title dietitian can be used by anyone in all states
b.The title nutritionist can be used by anyone in all states
c.A license to practice as a nutritionist or dietitian is required by some states
d.A license to practice as a nutritionist or dietitian is mandatory in all states
22) What is the function of adipose cell hormone-sensitive lipase?
a.Hydrolyzes hormones involved in fat breakdown
b.Synthesizes new adipose cells from simple fatty acids
c.Hydrolyzes triglycerides to provide fatty acids for other cells
d.Synthesizes long-chain fatty acids to provide precursors for other cells
23) What carcinogen is known to be produced when high-carbohydrate foods are
cooked at high temperatures?
a.Dioxins
b.Acrylamides
c.Carrageenan
d.Nitrosamines
24) Which of the following is NOT among the important roles for zinc?
a.Wound healing
b.Synthesis of retinal
c.Production of sperm
d.Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids
25) What is the sweetest-tasting simple carbohydrate in the diet?
a.Glucose
b.Lactose
c.Fructose
d.Sucrose
26) Milk that has been treated with a commercially available lactase preparation
undergoes which of the following changes?
a.Increase in sweetness
b.Decrease in sweetness
c.Increase in carbohydrate content
d.Decrease in carbohydrate content
27) Which of the following represents the least likely cause for an abnormal blood
calcium level?
a.Diseases of the liver
b.Diseases of the kidney
c.Insufficient dietary intake
d.Altered secretion of parathyroid hormone
28) What is the principal factor related to solanine concentration in potatoes?
a.Contamination
b.Irradiation malfunction
c.Soil heavy metal content
d.Improper storage conditions
29) Which of the following is indicative of a dietary deficiency of riboflavin?
a.Beriberi
b.Diarrhea
c.Keratomalacia
d.Inflamed mouth membranes
30) Which of the following is NOT among the features of nitrites?
a.Preserve color
b.Impart off-flavors
c.Present naturally in foods
d.Protect against bacterial growth
31) Which of the following is NOT a known side effect of having insufficient fat
stores?
a.Infertility
b.Clinical depression
c.Elevated body temperature
d.Abnormal hunger regulation
32) Iron overload is also known as
a.ferrocyanosis
b.hemoglobinemia
c.hemochromatosis
d.metalloferrothionosis
33) A few years ago a foodborne illness outbreak was reported by a national restaurant
chain. After dozens of people were infected, authorities determined that employees of
the restaurant had used the same knife to cut raw meat products as they did for produce
items such as lettuce. Which of the following terms most likely describes the employees
neglect that led to the patrons of the restaurant becoming ill?
a.Contamination
b.Cross-contamination
c.Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points
d.Inappropriate monitoring of food temperatures
34) Which of the following is a feature of chromium supplements in physical
performance?
a.Chromium from ginseng shows high bioavailability
b.Athletes may obtain sufficient chromium from green leafy vegetables and legumes
c.Supplements of chromium chloride enhance free fatty acid release but inhibit fatty
acid oxidation
d.Most recent studies on chromium picolinate supplementation show no favorable
effects on strength or lean body mass
35) A nutrient needed by the body and that must be supplied by foods is termed a(n)
a.neutraceutical
b.metabolic unit
c.organic nutrient
d.essential nutrient
36) Define calcium rigor and calcium tetany. What role does dietary intake of calcium
play in these disorders?
37) The nutrient that is the most calorie dense on a weight-to-weight basis is
38) List 6 different types of phytochemicals, their possible effects in the body, and food
sources.
39) List several advantages for the use of food additives.
40) Present six arguments each on the pros and cons of genetic engineering.
41) What percent of protein is provided by the School Lunch Program funded by the
federal government?
10%
30%
50%
100%
42) Discuss safety concerns of consuming coffee that was decaffeinated by methylene
chloride. Are there other ways to remove the caffeine?
43) Outline several weight-loss strategies that are considered dangerous.
44) The only oral medication known to stimulate bone formation and growth in patients
with osteoporosis is
hypoglycemic medication
oral insulin
calcium citrate with slow release fluoride
calcium gluconate with phosphorus