1) The prescription drug phentermine acts by regulating the utilization of
a.blood insulin
b.norepinephrine
c.hormone-sensitive lipase
d.adipocyte lipoprotein lipase
2) Which of the following is NOT known to be a vitamin for human beings?
a.Cobalamin
b.Ubiquinone
c.Pyridoxine
d.Pantothenic acid
3) What list is composed of substances widely used for many years without apparent ill
effects?
a.FDA
b.GRAS
c.Delaney
d.Additive Safety
4) What is the only food intended to be consumed raw in which the FDA allows the use
of sulfite additives?
a.Grapes
b.Lettuce
c.Carrots
d.Strawberries
5) All of the following are characteristics of neuropeptide Y EXCEPT
a.it stimulates appetite
b.it reduces fat storage
c.it is synthesized in the brain
d.it increases carbohydrate cravings
6) What is the recommended minimum amount of time for washing hands with warm
water and soap before preparing or eating food?
a.5-10 seconds
b.20 seconds
c.1/2-1 minute
d.3 minutes
7) Which of the following describes a relationship between sodium/salt and high blood
pressure?
a.People with chronic kidney disease are less likely to be salt-sensitive
b.Lowering sodium intakes reduces blood pressure only in certain ethnic groups
c.People over 30 years of age with hypertension are most likely to be salt-sensitive
d.Weight loss is often as effective as sodium restriction in lowering blood pressure
8) What is an emetic?
a.An appetite suppressant
b.An inhibitor of intestinal lipase
c.A substance that induces vomiting
d.An over-the-counter weight loss product
9) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of marasmus?
a.Results in a low resistance to disease
b.Affects brain development only minimally
c.Occurs most commonly in overpopulated and impoverished areas
d.Results in little or no fat under the skin to insulate against cold
10) Your cousin Miguel is extolling the virtues of his new dietary supplement. He says
that it contains enzymes that will make him healthier, and he asks for your opinion. You
assure him that the enzymes
a.will increase the digestibility of the foods he eats
b.could likely interfere with the enzymes secreted by his pancreas
c.could likely overload his gastrointestinal tract and lead to diarrhea
d.are proteins and proteins are destroyed in the gastrointestinal tract
11) A person who hasnt consumed anything except water for the past 8 hours has a
blood glucose concentration of 101 mg/dL. This person would be classified as
a.normal
b.diabetic
c.prediabetic
d.impaired glucose tolerant
12) Which of the following minerals is involved in the transportation of lipids through
the bodys lymph and blood systems?
a.Iron
b.Sodium
c.Calcium
d.Phosphorus
13) Describe the signs and symptoms of phenylketonuria. What is the cause and what is
the treatment?
14) What is the chief reason that breast-fed infants usually need to eat more frequently
than formula-fed infants?
a.Breast milk contains less fat
b.Breast milk is digested faster
c.Breast milk is less nutrient dense
d.The amount of milk consumed per feeding is lower in breast-fed infants
15) Which of the following is NOT a small intestinal cell enzyme?
a.Maltase
b.Sucrase
c.Lactase
d.Pectinase
16) Which of the following is a characteristic of iron deficiency?
a.Blood erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels decline as anemia worsens
b.Iron supplements are not as effective at treating anemia as is proper nutrition
c.People with anemia generally become fatigued only when they exert themselves
d.The concave nails of iron-deficiency anemia result from abnormal ferritin levels
17) Which of the following is a feature of malnutrition?
a.Dysentery is common and leads to diarrhea and nutrient depletion
b.Intestinal villi grow slightly larger to provide additional absorptive surfaces for
nutrients
c. Digestive enzyme production increases in order to extract as much of the ingested
nutrients as possible
d.Infections are uncommon due to insufficient availability of nutrients in the body to
support growth of bacteria and viruses
18) Which of the following is an example of food intoxication?
a.Addition of alkaline and acidic agents to foods
b.Illness produced by acute overconsumption of high-fat foods
c.Addition of alcohol-containing beverages in the cooking of foods
d.Illness produced from ingestion of food contaminated with natural toxins
19) When a person loses fluid by sweating or bleeding, what minerals are lost in
greatest quantity?
a.Sodium and chloride
b.Bicarbonate and sulfate
c.Calcium and magnesium
d.Potassium and phosphate
20) The ballooning out of an artery wall at a point where it has been weakened by
deterioration is called a(an)
a.aorta
b.plaque
c.aneurysm
d.diverticula
21) Which of the following would be least effective at preventing oxidation of the
polyunsaturated fatty acids in processed foods?
a.Refrigeration
b.Addition of BHT
c.Partial hydrogenation
d.Addition of phosphorus
22) Which of the following is a feature of the substance BHT?
a.It is a food antimicrobial
b.It is a common food colorant
c.It contributes significantly to the total additive intake from the diet
d.It decreases cancer formation when given in large amounts to animals exposed to
carcinogens
23) Which of the following foods represents a common source of acrylamide intake in
the United States?
a.Raw fruits
b.French fries
c.Raw vegetables
d.Grilled seafood
24) What two major nutrients are supplied by the fruit and vegetable groups?
a.Vitamins D and E
b.Vitamins A and C
c.Protein and calcium
d.B vitamins and iron
25) What type of meal and time of its ingestion promote the most rapid repletion of
glycogen stores after physical activity?
a.Mixed meal taken within 4 hours
b.Mixed meal taken within 30 minutes
c.High-carbohydrate meal taken within 2 hours
d.High-carbohydrate meal taken within 15 minutes
26) Where do the TCA cycle reactions take place?
a.Golgi
b.Endoplasmic reticulum
c.Nucleus of the mitochondria
d.Inner compartment of the mitochondria
27) Inflammation is characterized by an increase in
a.adipocytes
b.stress eating
c.immune cells
d.subcutaneous fat stores
28) Excessive amounts of homocysteine in the blood are thought to increase the risk for
a.cancer
b.diabetes
c.heart disease
d.protein-energy malnutrition
29) Which of the following is a feature of zinc in nutrition?
a.Pancreatic enzymes are rich in zinc
b.The bodys primary excretory route is urine
c.Good food sources are whole-grain products
d.Toxicity symptoms include constipation and low body temperature
30) Refined grain products contain only the
a.bran
b.husk
c.germ
d.endosperm
31) What is the most common eating disorder in both males and females?
a.Athlete triad
b.Bulimia nervosa
c.Anorexia nervosa
d.Binge-eating disorder
32) Which of the following foods in particular must be restricted in the diet of a person
taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor drug?
a.Soybeans
b.Aged cheeses
c.Acid-forming foods
d.Cruciferous vegetables
33) Which of the following is used by the body to synthesize arachidonic acid?
a.Oleic acid
b.Linoleic acid
c.Palmitic acid
d.Linolenic acid
34) What percentage of people with diabetes have type 1?
a.5-10
b.10-20
c.20-35
d.45-55
35) A deficiency of what vitamin produces a characteristic cracking and redness at the
corners of the mouth?
a.Biotin
b.Niacin
c.Riboflavin
d.Ascorbic acid
36) Which of the following is NOT known to promote vitamin D deficiency in the
elderly?
a.Consumption of little or no milk
b.Excessive use of hypertension medications
c.Wearing protective clothing and using sunscreen while outdoors
d.Diminished capacity of liver and kidney synthesis of activated vitamin D
37) Which of the following is a feature of physical activity and bone health?
a.Dancing is not an effective activity for helping maintain bone density
b.Weight training improves bone density in young but not older women
c.Working the muscles places stress on bones, which promotes bone density
d.Weight-bearing activities are effective in maintaining bone mass in adults but not in
adolescents
38) What structure separates the colon from the small intestine?
a.Pylorus
b.Ileocecal valve
c.Gastric retainer
d.Rectal sphincter
39) Which of the following is NOT a major cause of ulcer formation?
a.Bacterial infection
b.Excessive use of antacids
c.Excessive gastric acid secretion
d.Use of certain anti-inflammatory medicines
40) Some medical experts state that the effects of raw vegetable diets on type II
diabetes will
reduce the need for insulin because people will lose significant weight on these diets
not provide all the nutrients necessary for body maintenance
need to be studied more to understand its effects on type II diabetes
all of the above
41) The use of an antacid is indicated primarily for which of the following conditions?
Excessive gas
Acid indigestion
Excessive belching
Bloating
42) What is meant by solid fat? List three common dietary sources of solid fats.
43) List 5 common signs of dementia, and define senile plaques and neurofibrillary
tangles.
44) List 8 environmentally friendly food-related choices that involve food shopping,
gardening, cooking food, use of kitchen appliances, and cleanup/waste disposal.
45) Among the physiological benefits of regular exercise, which of the following can
occur?
Regular exercise will inhibit the blood chemistry responsible for the “good” cholesterol
Regular exercise can be a way to improve mood and relieve depression
Regular exercise has been shown to increase the need for “energizers.”
Regular exercise decreases blood flow to the brain, therefore activating endorphins,
natural tranquilizers
46) Describe six behavioral or social motives governing peoples food choices.
47) Alcohol use is not recommended for the elderly because
blood alcohol levels rise more quickly
they have less body water due to less muscle mass
they are more sensitive to alcohol’s effects
all of the above
48) Discuss the major risk factors for coronary heart disease.
49) Compare and contrast the digestion-absorption mechanisms for long-chain vs.
short-chain fatty acids.