1) What term describes factors that enhance the development of cancer after it has been
initiated?
a.Promoters
b.Post-initiators
c.Tumor formatives
d.Tumor directives
2) Which of the following is a characteristic of enriched grain products?
a.They have all of the added nutrients listed on the label
b.They have the fiber restored from the refining procedure
c.They have virtually all the nutrients restored from refining procedure
d.They have only 4 vitamins and 4 minerals added by the food manufacturer
3) Which of the following is a characteristic of vegetarian diets during pregnancy or
lactation?
a.Vegan diets require supplements of selenium, zinc, and manganese
b.Breast milk from vegetarian women is lower in protein but higher in fiber
c.It is possible that a vegetarian diet can support a healthy pregnancy and normal
lactation
d.The increase in appetite during pregnancy allows a vegan pregnant woman to easily
meet or exceed her energy requirements
4) What is the name of the condition characterized by high blood pressure, edema, and
protein in the urine of a pregnant woman?
a.Preeclampsia
b.Gestational diabetes
c.Teratogenic hypertension
d.Pregnancy-induced blood pressure crisis
5) What fraction of reported foodborne illnesses can be attributed to the food industry?
a.1/10
b.1/3
c.1/2
d.4/5
6) Which of the following is a feature of naturally occurring food toxicants?
a.Lima beans contain deadly cyanide compounds
b.The toxic solanine in potatoes is inactivated by cooking
c.The toxic laetrile in certain fruit seeds is a moderately effective cancer treatment
d.Mustard greens and radishes contain compounds that are known to worsen a
cholesterol problem
7) Among the following approved sweeteners, which has the highest relative
sweetness?
a.Tagatose
b.Neotame
c.Aspartame
d.Acesulfame-K
8) According to the DRI, what is the upper limit of fat (g) that may be consumed by a
healthy person requiring 3000 kcalories per day?
a.33
b.66
c.83
d.117
9) Why are strict vegetarians at risk of developing a vitamin B12 deficiency?
a.Vegetarian diets inhibit absorption of the vitamin
b.Vegetarian diets provide insufficient amounts of the vitamin
c.The fiber content of vegetarian diets causes decreased storage by the liver
d.The fiber content of vegetarian diets causes increased excretion of the vitamin
10) Which of the following characteristics is shared by vitamins B6, B12, C and folate?
a.Required for glycolysis
b.Consumption prevents anemia
c.Required in microgram quantities
d.Found in citrus products and legumes
11) What form of vitamin A supports reproduction but not growth?
a.Retinal
b.Retinol
c.Retinoic acid
d.Retinyl esters
12) What is most likely to occur when a calcium supplement and an iron supplement
are taken simultaneously?
a.Absorption of iron is reduced
b.Absorption of iron is improved
c.Excretion of iron in the urine is reduced
d.Excretion of iron in the urine is enhanced
13) Which of the following is a feature of gastric surgery for the treatment of clinically
severe obesity?
a.Weight regain almost never occurs
b.It is always an irreversible medical procedure
c.It is less effective than traditional liposuction
d.It diminishes the amount of food that can be eaten without GI distress
14) What is the name of the rule that modifies the original meaning of the Delaney
Clause?
a.GRAS list
b.Bonnie Clause
c.De minimis rule
d.No-risk standard
15) Matching:
1>Prevents food from entering the windpipe when swallowing
2>Organ that stores lymph cells
3>Controls the entry of chyme into the duodenum
4>Controls the entry of chyme into the colon
5>Enzyme that digests starch
6>Substance that helps make or break a chemical bond
7>A component of gastric juice
8>Organ that releases bile into the small intestine
9>Organ that synthesizes bile
10>Fingerlike projection of small intestinal lining
11>Type of cell that secretes mucus
12>Absorption mechanism that requires energy
13>Absorption mechanism that does not require energy
14>Connects an artery to a vein
15>Vessel that carries blood from liver to heart
16>Vessel that carries blood from GI tract to liver
17>Carries fat-soluble vitamins
18>Hormone that signals release of pancreatic bicarbonate
19>Hormone that triggers release of gastric acid
20>Hormone that signals release of bile
A.Liver B.Villus C.Goblet D.Pylorus E.Enzyme F.Gastrin G.Secretin H.Capillary
I.Appendix J.Diffusion K.Epiglottis L.Gallbladder M.Carbohydrase N.Hepatic portal
vein OHepatic vein P.Ileocecal valve QCholecystokinin R.Active transport
S.Hydrochloric acid T.Lymphatic system
16) Among the GI tract organs, which has the strongest muscles?
a.Stomach
b.Small intestine
c.Large intestine
d.Cardiac sphincter
17) Which of the following describes the process of thermogenesis?
a.Burning of fat
b.Synthesis of fat
c.Generation of heat
d.Generation of water
18) Which of the following minerals would a bulimia nervosa patient be likely to lose
in the greatest amount?
a.Calcium
b.Chloride
c.Potassium
d.Phosphorus
19) What is the primary excretory route for the water-soluble vitamins?
a.Bile
b.Kidney
c.Intestine
d.Perspiration
20) Approximately how many different species and subspecies of bacteria live in a
healthy GI tract?
a.20
b.100
c.400
d.1,000
21) Which of the following is an effective strategy for dealing with obesity in a child?
a.Encourage the individual to eat quickly and then leave the table
b.Institute new eating habits such as teaching the individual to clean the food plate
c.Engage the individual in at least 1 hour per day of moderate to vigorous physical
activity
d.Take control and strongly encourage the individual to lose weight by limiting food
intake and exercising vigorously
22) What would be the minimum amount of body water loss necessary to bring about a
reduction in work capacity of an average 165-pound individual?
a.1 1/2 liters
b.3 1/2 liters
c.6 liters
d.10 liters
23) When an adult gains an extra 10 pounds of body weight, approximately how much
of this weight is fat?
a.5 lbs
b.7.5 lbs
c.9.5 lbs
d.10 lbs
24) A typical person who burns 200 kcalories during a 2-mile run would, in the
postexercise period, burn an additional
a.30 kcalories
b.75 kcalories
c.150 kcalories
d.300 kcalories
25) What is the fastest-growing age group in the United States?
a.21-30 years
b.35-50 years
c.Over 65 years
d.Over 85 years
26) Since repeated pregnancies occurring within short time frames lead to depletion of
the mothers nutrient reserves, what is the optimal interval between pregnancies?
a.1/2 year
b.1 year
c.1 1/2-2 years
d.3-4 years
27) Which of the following is a feature of irradiated foods?
a.The World Health Organization has not approved food irradiation
b.The labels of all foods except for meats must indicate treatment by irradiation
c.Irradiation of foods such as strawberries and mangoes hastens their ripening
d.The irradiation label is not required on commercially prepared foods that contain
irradiated ingredients
28) A period of extreme food shortage resulting in widespread starvation and death is
known as
a.a plague
b.a famine
c.food poverty
d.food insecurity
29) An aerobic reaction is one that requires
a.alcohol
b.oxygen
c.nitrogen
d.ammonia
30) Which of the following is a characteristic of structure-function claims on food
labels?
a.They are allowed only for unprocessed food
b.They can be made without any FDA approval
c.They must conform to guidelines of the A list of health claims
d.They must state the name of the disease or symptom for which a benefit is claimed
31) Which of the following is a feature of protein-energy malnutrition?
a.The diets of children with marasmus or kwashiorkor do not differ
b.Marasmus children subsist chiefly on concentrated milk-powder drinks
c.Kwashiorkor results mainly from protein inadequacy and not energy insufficiency
d.Children with marasmus and kwashiorkor absorb and store excess dietary iron due to
intestinal damage
32) Which of the following is known as fruit sugar or levulose?
a.Maltose
b.Glucose
c.Fructose
d.Galactose
33) Which of the following represents a food choice based on negative association?
a.A tourist from China who rejects a hamburger due to unfamiliarity
b.A child who spits out his mashed potatoes because they taste too salty
c.A teenager who grudgingly accepts an offer for an ice cream cone to avoid offending
a close friend
d.An elderly gentleman who refuses a peanut butter and jelly sandwich because he
deems it a childs food
34) According to several recognized health organizations, about how many grams of
protein per day are recommended for a female, 50-kg marathon runner?
a.40-45
b.50-64
c.60-70
d.120-154
35) Which of the following statements is NOT characteristic of alcohol metabolism?
a.There are gender differences in the rate of breakdown
b.The average person needs about two hours to metabolize two drinks
c.Alcohol is metabolized by muscle and brain cells as well as by the liver
d.The amount of alcohol in the breath is proportional to the amount in the blood
36) Which of the following is a feature of infant soy formulas?
a.They are used in about 1% of the infant population
b.They contain cornstarch and sucrose rather than lactose
c.They are identical to milk-based formulas except for the protein source
d.They are not acceptable to vegan families because the formulas contain omega-3 fatty
acids from fish
37) Compare and contrast the features of prenatal alcohol exposure with those of fetal
alcohol syndrome.
38) What are the characteristics associated with acute and chronic malnutrition in
children?
39) What is the meaning and significance of applying the talk test to gauge the intensity
of physical activities?
40) How is fiber thought to exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular health?
41) List four common home treatments for improving the quality of water.
42) Describe distinguishing facial characteristics associated with fetal alcohol
syndrome.
43) Discuss in detail the digestion, absorption, and transport of dietary lipids, including
the sterols.
44) People are said to be constipated when they experience
painful or difficult bowel movements
more than a day or two without a bowel movement
soft or watery bowel movements with little notice
none of the above