1) What is the first organ to receive carbohydrates absorbed from the intestine?
a.Heart
b.Liver
c.Pancreas
d.Skeletal muscle
2) Approximately what percentage decline in basal metabolism is seen in an 80-year-old
person compared with a 40-year-old?
a.1-2
b.2-4
c.4-8
d.8-16
3) Which of the following represents the results of well-controlled studies of vitamin C
supplementation on the resistance to, and recovery from, colds?
a.There was a reduction in the duration of colds by 50% on the average
b.There was only a minor effect on reducing the number and severity of colds
c.There was a consistent reduction in the duration of colds in people who consumed at
least 200 mg a day
d.There was a significant reduction in the number of colds only in people who
consumed more than three grams per day
4) Sulfites are a prohibited additive for refined grain products in the United States
because they
a.destroy thiamin
b.impart off colors
c.impart off flavors
d.shorten the shelf-life
5) For the normal-weight woman who becomes pregnant, what is the ideal weekly
weight gain from the start of the second trimester and onward?
a.1 lb
b.2 lbs
c.3 lbs
d.4 lbs
6) Which of the following is NOT considered to be a source of high-quality protein in
human nutrition?
a.Soy
b.Egg
c.Corn
d.Fish
7) Which of the following describes a characteristic of fat use during physical activity?
a.It is released as fatty acids from internal fat stores and subcutaneous fat
b.Upon commencement of an activity, blood fatty acids rise to provide an immediate
source of fuel
c.Fat that is present within the muscle fiber represents the primary source of energy for
that muscle
d.After consumption of a high-fat diet for at least 3 days, physical activities are
performed as efficiently as from intake of a high-carbohydrate diet
8) An example of a protein with quaternary polypeptide structures is
a.insulin
b.tryptophan
c.hemoglobin
d.disulfide bridges
9) The study of how food interacts with genes is known as
a.nutritional genomics
b.chromosomals
c.nucleotide expression
d.mutagenic expression
10) Which of the following is thought to promote the development of brain senile
plaques and neurofibrillary tangles?
a.Oxidative stress
b.Excess acetylcholine
c.Dietary deficiency of choline
d.Low blood levels of homocysteine
11) Which of the following is a function of trabecular bone?
a.Synthesis of vitamin D
b.Synthesis of calcitonin
c.Storage site for calcium
d.Storage site for vitamin D
12) Approximately what percentage of U.S. adults are affected by Alzheimers disease
after age 65?
a.0.5
b.5
c.12
d.33
13) Which of the following is a feature of beverage intake in adolescents?
a.Juice intake is spread throughout the day
b.Milk intake occurs primarily between meals
c.Males typically drink less milk than females
d.Four standard colas a day provides enough caffeine to alter behavior
14) What vitamin is involved intensively in amino acid metabolism?
a.Biotin
b.Vitamin A
c.Vitamin B6
d.Riboflavin
15) Which of the following is a feature of public school food programs?
a.They must follow the Dietary Guidelines for Americans
b.They allow for low-fat menus while still meeting the needs for iron
c.They ensure a lunch period long enough to consume the entire meal
d.They are overwhelmingly preferred over the foods obtained by students through
on-site vending machines and snack bars
16) Which of the following is not a dietary recommendation for people with bulimia
nervosa?
a.Avoid skipping meals
b.Include fiber-rich foods
c.Eat cold foods to stimulate satiety
d.Avoid finger foods to minimize overeating
17) What is erythrocyte protoporphyrin?
a.Iron chelating drug
b.Hemoglobin precursor
c.Indicator of iron toxicity
d.Inherited iron-deficiency disease
18) Which of the following is a feature of aquaculture?
a.All farmed fish must be fed to sustain the practice
b.It provides about 5-10% of the world’s fish and shellfish
c.It is successful in freshwater lakes but not in ocean waters
d.Currently available technologies cannot yet make it sustainable
19) Which of the following blood pressure readings first signifies a diagnosis of
hypertension?
a.110 over 50
b.120 over 70
c.130 over 80
d.140 over 90
20) What form of vitamin A supports vision but not growth?
a.Retinal
b.Retinol
c.Retinoic acid
d.Retinyl esters
21) The increase in the concentration of contaminants in the tissues of animals high on
the food chain is termed
a.bioaccumulation
b.hyperconcentration
c.evolutionary containment
d.functional high-level accumulation
22) Which of the following is NOT a form of vitamin A?
a.Retinol
b.Retinal
c.Retinoic acid
d.Retinoquinone
23) Which of the following controls a persons maximum rate of alcohol catabolism?
a.Breathing rate
b.Activity of alcohol dehydrogenase
c.Gastric acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
d.Activity of the electron transport chain
24) What is the appropriate method of assessing blood lipids to ensure reliable results?
a.Take at least 2 measurements at least 1 week apart
b.Send the patient to 2 different laboratories and average the results
c.Take a fasting and a non-fasting blood sample and average the results
d.Perform a fat tolerance test by having the patient drink a beverage containing 25 g of
vegetable oil and obtain blood samples over the next 4 hours
25) A person seeking good sources of vitamin A would select all of the following
EXCEPT
a.liver
b.bananas
c.apricots
d.sweet potatoes
26) What sweetener should be avoided by people with PKU?
a.Neotame
b.Sucralose
c.Aspartame
d.Acesulfame-K
27) Why is ground meat more susceptible to microbial contamination than unground
meat?
a.It has more surface area
b.It is usually undercooked
c.It has a higher fat content
d.It is not inspected as often
28) Which of the following is characteristic of children who regularly eat breakfast or
skip breakfast?
a.Breakfast-skippers actually show lower scores on IQ tests than those who eat
breakfast
b.Attention spans are similar but a significant number of breakfast-skippers show
hyperglycemia
c.Breakfast-skippers initially show decreased mental performance but with time they
adapt and show almost identical achievements
d.Breakfast-skippers who change to eating breakfast show a temporary improvement in
mental concentration but also a moderate degree of hypoglycemia
29) How can people reduce the amount of animal protein they eat daily?
Eat meat less often and in smaller portions
Choose meat alternates as protein sources
Select plant-based protein sources occasionally
Any of the above
30) Discuss the use of prescription drugs for the treatment of obesity, including modes
of action and adverse side effects.
31) Which of the following statements is accurate regarding protein?
“Protein builds muscle bulk and strength.”
“Protein supplements provide an important energy boost.”
“People in North America don’t suffer from protein deficiencies.”
None of the above
32) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using MSG in foods?
33) When studying allergies and aging, what water-soluble vitamin has been shown to
have a positive effect?