1) In obese pregnant women, the risk for neural tube defects in the infant is believed to
result from
a.insufficient exercise
b.poor glycemic control
c.insufficient folate intake
d.higher prevalence of cesarean section
2) Which of the following characteristics are shared by cholesterol and lecithin?
a.Both are sterols
b.Both are phospholipids
c.Both are synthesized in the body
d.Both are essential dietary nutrients
3) A feature of sulfite food additives is that they
a.are frequently used in wines
b.inhibit growth of most microbes
c.interact with folate to inhibit its absorption
d.are one of the few substances to have virtually no side effects
4) Which of the following is one explanation for the generally lower tolerance for
alcohol in women in comparison to men?
a.Women fast more often
b.Women do not eat as much food with the alcohol
c.Women consume more of their alcohol in sweetened drinks
d.Women have lower amounts of stomach alcohol dehydrogenase
5) Which of the following is NOT among the chief storage sites for surplus iron?
a.Liver
b.Spleen
c.Muscle
d.Bone marrow
6) Which of the following substances in the diet would typically have the lowest margin
of safety?
a.Table salt
b.Pesticides
c.Preservatives
d.Color additives
7) Which among the following is most commonly deficient in the worldwide
population?
a.Zinc
b.Folate
c.Calcium
d.Vitamin C
8) What is the chief reason why people living in poverty and hunger bear numerous
children?
a.Birth control expenses are prohibitive
b.Only a small percentage of the children may survive to adulthood
c.The low educational level of adults limits their understanding of family planning
d.The parents seek greater fulfillment through having more children since there are few
other interests in their lives
9) An enzyme that includes zinc or copper as an integral part of its structure is classified
as a(n)
a.metalloenzyme
b.oxidoreductase
c.cytochromidase
d.metallothionase
10) What is the percentage of total energy derived from protein in a diet containing 50
grams of protein and 2000 kcalories?
a.2.5
b.5
c.10
d.20
11) Which of the following is a description of chyme?
a.The semisolid mass of undigested food that passes through the ileocecal valve
b.A semiliquid mass of partially digested food released by the stomach into the small
intestine
c.The mixture of pancreatic juices containing enzymes for digestion of the
macronutrients
d.A thick, viscous material synthesized by mucosal cells for protection against digestive
juices
12) What fraction of lean tissue represents the water content?
a.1/10
b.1/3
c.1/2
d.3/4
13) What is the main explanation for the difference in basal metabolic rates between
males and females of the same body weight?
a.Males are usually taller than females
b.Females have lower levels of thyroid hormones
c.Males have a higher percentage of lean body mass
d.Females have a lower percentage of adipose tissue
14) According to much research, in what region of the body is the storage of excess
body fat associated with the highest risks for cardiovascular disease?
a.Neck
b.Abdomen
c.Hips and thighs
d.Arms and shoulders
15) To prevent and treat the high incidence of constipation in the elderly, all of the
following practices are known to be effective EXCEPT
a.eating more legumes
b.drinking more water
c.increasing physical activity
d.taking vitamin B12 injections
16) Which of the following enables much of the worlds population to maintain adequate
vitamin D status?
a.Outdoor exposure of the skin to sunlight
b.Wide availability of low-cost fish products
c.Wide availability of food assistance programs
d.World Health Organization distribution of vitamin D capsules
17) When blood glucose concentration falls, what pancreatic hormone is secreted to
stimulate release of stored glucose?
a.Insulin
b.Glucagon
c.Epinephrine
d.Cholecystokinin
18) A substance that causes cancer is termed a(n)
a.carcinogen
b.antipromoter
c.DNA-modifier
d.RNA-modifier
19) Which of the following is NOT among the common antioxidant agents used by food
processors?
a.BHA
b.BHT
c.Solanine
d.Vitamin E
20) What term defines the measure of the probability and severity of harm?
a.Risk
b.Safety
c.Hazard
d.Toxicity
21) Which of the following is a feature of common worldwide agricultural practices?
a.They promote protection of soil and water
b.They frequently lead to higher crop prices
c.They are designed to benefit mostly small family farms
d.They tend to support the use of pesticides and fertilizers
22) What is the immediate precursor for the eicosanoids?
a.Glucose
b.Hormones
c.Fatty acids
d.Cholesterol
23) Which of the following is a feature of magnesium nutrition?
a.The average body contains about 100 g
b.Blood is a major reservoir of the mineral
c.Deficiency is associated with hypertension
d.Dietary intake data are the sum of the amounts from food and water
24) Which of the following ingredients found on a food label is a source of protein?
a.BHT
b.Tofu
c.Corn starch
d.Diglycerides
25) Which of the following is a property of the tocopherols?
a.Easily destroyed by air and oxygen
b.Act as precursors for the menaquinones
c.May dissolve from foods into cooking water
d.Absorbed from the intestines into the portal circulation
26) Why shouldnt a woman who is 7 months pregnant be prescribed Accutane?
a.It may aggravate existing edema
b.It may lead to prolongation of labor
c.It is a teratogen and can be harmful to the baby
d.It contains high concentrations of vitamin D that can cause birth defects
27) Which of the following is a feature of leptin?
a.It is an enzyme
b.It is a satiety signal
c.It is usually deficient in obese people
d.It is secreted by the brain and acts on fat cells
28) Among the following foods, which contains the lowest amount of lactose per
serving?
a.Yogurt
b.Ice cream
c.Doughnut
d.American cheese
29) Which of the following is a food contaminant formed during chlorine treatment of
wood used in the manufacture of paper?
a.Dioxin
b.Alginate
c.Acrylamide
d.Hydrochloride
30) What is prothrombin?
a.A storage protein for vitamin K
b.A transport protein for vitamin E
c.A protein needed for bone formation
d.A protein needed for blood clot formation
31) What is lactadherin?
a.An iron-binding protein in breast milk
b.A vitamin D-binding protein in breast milk
c.A breast milk protein that inactivates a GI virus that causes diarrhea
d.A protein supplement to infant formulas that simulates the digestibility properties of
alpha-lactalbumin
32) The environmental costs are generally lower when food is transported by
a.airplane than by train
b.truck than by train
c.ship than by airplane
d.airplane than by ship
33) Why is it important to eat vegetables of various colors rather than restrict intake to
just a few?
34) Discuss the role of genetics and epigenetics in promoting excess weight gain and in
discouraging weight loss.
35) Walking is considered the best form of exercise because it
is not expensive
promotes cardiovascular endurance
is easy to perform
all of the above
36) List several important markers for inflammation associated with cardiovascular
disease.
37) Describe the three major causes of peptic ulcers and the recommended therapies.
38) Discuss the importance of mercury in the food chain. What population groups are
most susceptible to mercury toxicity? What are the recommendations concerning
consumption of foods containing mercury?