Archives: Quiz

According to the author, the most important wielder of informal social control is religion. a. True b. False Absent or deviant parents and inconsistent discipline have been linked to persistent violent offending. a. True b. False Answer: True The USA […]

The totality of research on the effect of dropping out of high school indicates one fact – high school dropouts face a significant chance of entering a criminal career. a. True b. False A contested election is generally defined as […]

The definition of political terrorism is a. terrorism directed at people or groups who oppose the terrorists’ political ideology or whom the terrorists define as “outsiders” who must be destroyed. b. the use violence to frighten those in power and […]

Counselors who help victims to understand the operations of the criminal justice system, who guide victims through the justice process, and who may provide transportation to and from court are called a. victim advisors. b. victim reconcilers. c. victim advocates. […]

Individuals interact with various people, organizations, institutions and social norms as they mature and develop. This process is referred to as a. integration. b. socialization. c. assimilation. d. civilization. The ticking bomb scenario is sometimes used to justify a. torture […]

Which type of terrorism uses violence to frighten those in power and their supporters in order to replace the existing government with a regime that holds acceptable political or religious views? a. revolutionary terrorism b. political terrorism c. nationalist terrorism […]

Behaviorists view aggression as an inherited behavior. a. True b. False According to institutional anomie theorists, the______is both a goal and process to accumulate goods and wealth. a. American Dream b. American Hope c. American Ideal d. American Myth Answer: […]

Latent trait theorists believe human development is controlled by a master trait present at birth or soon after that results in a. low intellectual development. b. verbal and physical aggression. c. an increased propensity to commit crime. d. a reduced […]

If Breivik had received psychological counseling at an early age and still went on a murder spree as an adult, then which Freudian concept would be most supported by this scenario? a. firearm availability b. thanatos c. human instinct d. […]

Research on the immediate impact of well-publicized executions a. indicated that executions have an immediate impact on murder rate. b. evidenced an immediate impact effect at the state level. c. failed to find evidence that an execution produces an immediate […]

Which of the following is not a characteristic of transnational organized crime? a. Transnational organized crime has economic gain as its primary goal b. It involves continuous commitment by primary members c. Transnational criminal syndicates employ predatory tactics, such as […]

The general theory of crime is criticized for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: a. Impulsivity is only one personality trait correlated with crime. b. Does not explain racial and gender differences in crime. c. Assumes that criminal propensity does […]

Ineffective families have been linked to persistent violent offending. Which is not a factor characteristic of an ineffective family? a. parental oversight b. inconsistent discipline c. inconsistent supervision d. physical abuse Locking gates, and putting unbreakable glass on storefronts are […]

According to the structural perspective, crime rates are a function of _____forces such as neighborhood conditions,cultural factors, and norm conflict. a. situational b. internal c. political d. ecological When evaluating the three primary sources of crime data, the crime patterns […]

Situational crime prevention tactics generally fall into one of four categories. Which of the following is not one of those categories? a. increasing the use of probation for committing crime b. increasing the risk of committing crime c. increasing the […]

Psychological disorders are prevalent among victims of domestic violence. a. True b. False Which of the following is NOT a basic concern of critical criminologists? a. the increased effect of mass media pertaining to demystifying the law b. the role […]

Which concept assumes that the propensity of an individual to participate in criminal behavior is relatively stable and unchanging over one’s life course? a. authority conflict b. early onset c. population heterogeneity d. state dependence The definition of the term […]

General strain theory is not purely a structural theory because it focuses on how life events influence behavior. a. True b. False Maleinsecrimes such as murder and rape reflect which view of crime? a. the consensus view of crime b. […]

Their oldest child Walter Jr. will be moving to the local high school. He previously attended the school at the family’s Catholic Church, where he attended mass weekly. What risks are there for Walter Jr. by leaving the Catholic school? […]

While mainstream criminologists criticize critical criminologists, what do critical criminologists accuse mainstream criminologists of doing? a. failing to recognize structural differences in society b. selling out their ideals for the chance to receive government funding c. focusing on expressive crimes […]

Biosocial research has found that abnormal levels of the male sex hormones or androgens produce aggressive behavior. a. True b. False The restorative justice model holds that____ should be applied to prevent and control crime. a. deterrence b. incapacitation c. […]

Identify and explain the three ethical issues that impact criminological research. Answer:Answers will vary Explain the concept of “early onset” and discuss the factors that cause chronicity. Answer:Answers will vary. State Victims’ Bills of Rights generally include allowing the victim […]

Which of the following is not true about pornography a. Legal restrictions have made the prosecution of possession of pornography difficult especially for material involving children b. The scientific evidence linking pornography to violence is mixed. c. Sexually explicit films […]

Efforts to prevent crime through community organization and youth involvement are known as ______. a. preemptive deterrence b. general deterrence c. specific deterrence d. perspective deterrence Which of the following is not true about election fraud according to the text? […]

Late bloomers combine psychopathology with risk-taking behavior and poor social skills. a. True b. False The crime and human nature model proposes that biological and psychological traits influence the crime”non-crime choice. a. True b. False Answer: True Social ecology school […]

Developmental theories attempt to provide a natural history of criminal careers by encompassing ______. a. its onset, continuation, and termination b. delinquency and criminal behaviors c. unidimensional and multidimensional treatment efforts d. offenders’ race/ethnicity, age, and gender The view that […]

The creation of false emails or websites that look legitimate but are designed to gain illegal access to a victim’s personal information a. phishing b. warez c. dumpster diving d. spearing The illegal sale of counterfeit goods and illegal use […]

Studies conducted on twin behavior have detected a significant relationship between the criminal activities of _____ twins. a. AZ b. DZ c. MZ d. QZ According to deterrence theory, not only does the actual chance of punishment influence criminality, but […]

By the eighteenth century, three separate groups of property criminals were active; these were skilled thieves, smugglers, and poachers. a. True b. False Lockhead Martin, the world’s largest aerospace company, announced it detected a significant cyber attack against its information […]

What separates a revolution from a coup is that revolutions rely on armed forces and violence, while coups traditionally are nonviolent? a. True b. False The police chief in Anytown, USA, is conducting weekly seminars where the residents of his […]

According to learning theories, even corporate executives may be exposed to procriminal definitions and learn to neutralize moral constraints. a. True b. False Because crime rates are higher in lower-class areas, many criminologists believe that the causes of crime are […]

Schools are the locale of a great deal of victimization because they are populated by a dangerous segment of society, teenage males. a. True b. False __________, the most abundant androgen, has been linked to criminality. a. Testosterone b. Estrogen […]

Power-control theory is most credited to ______. a. John Hagan b. Robert Merton c. Meda Chesney-Lind d. Jake Gibbs The police chief in Anytown, USA, is conducting weekly seminars where the residents of his city can come and learn about […]

Gottfredson and Hirschi trace the root cause of poor self-control to ______. a. lack of education b. inadequate child-rearing practices c. weak social bonds d. peer associations Research has shown that family group conferencing is the least effective form of […]

Beth was a victim of childhood physical and sexual abuse. She is now 40 years old and is a well-respected journalist who works for a nationally known magazine. She also travels around the country speaking to crime victims. Beth wrote […]

Most of these hate crime incidents were motivated by ______. a. sexual orientation b. ethnicity c. religion d. race Which of the following is not considered to contribute to a healthy diet, and thus to good mental health and well-adjusted […]

In its purest form, __________ theory argues that even crimes such as murder, rape, and assault are only bad or evil because people label them as such. a. social control b. social reaction c. social structure d. social process Instrumental […]

Which of the following is not true in regard to deterrence strategies for white-collar criminals? a. Strategies are aimed at creating conditions that induce conformity to the law. b. Deterrence systems are oriented toward apprehension and punishments. c. Justice system […]

Agencies of social control include all of the following except a. corrections b. courts c. police d. legislatures Catherine was adopted at the age of 6. She is currently 14 years of age, attends public high school in Baton Rouge, […]

Children who are psychologically, sexually, or physically abused are more likely to suffer low self-esteem and be more suicidal as adults. a. True b. False Exhibitionism is the deriving of sexual pleasure from rubbing against a nonconsenting person in a […]

Although criminal offenders are people predisposed to crime, they are not robots who commit crime without restraint. According to the general theory of crime, change in the frequency of criminal activity is a function of ______. a. change in one’s […]

According to the U.S. Department of Education, minority students, especially boys, face much harsher discipline in public schools than other students. a. True b. False People in the United States live in a stratified society in which social strata are […]

Terrorist attacks against failed states are traditionally less lethal than attacks against other nations because the failed states have no strong leadership, and therefore, no direct target of the terrorist acts. a. True b. False According to the routine activities […]

The number of state-funded technical assistance offices to help local prosecutors has decreased significantly with less than 20 states offering such services. a. True b. False Espionage is the practice of obtaining information about a government, organization, or society that […]

Criminologists should be ethical in their research because ______. a. they may face a jail sentence if they are not b. they are moral entrepreneurs c. the lives of millions of people may be influenced by their research d. they […]

What separates social learning theory from social control and social reaction theories is that social learning theory fails to recognize that criminal activity can be reversed and criminals can be turned around by proper socialization and interactions. a. True b. […]

The “Hierarchy Rule” impacts the validity of the National Crime Victimization Survey. a. True b. False The term terrorist is often used interchangeably with the term guerrilla, but the terms are quite different. a. True b. False Answer: True Members […]

People with high-risk lifestyles have a lower risk of victimization. a. True b. False Daniel Lee is a college professor at a mid-sized university in Maryland. He ran for city council and won in 2014 and his wife is the […]

Social disorganization theory was popularized by the work of two Chicago sociologists ______. a. Robert Agnew and Albert Cohen b. Robert Merton and Emile Durkheim c. Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay d. Paul Klenowski and Keith Bell Trajectory theories assume […]

Wolfgang and associates’ second cohort study found that 6 percent of female delinquents were chronic offenders. a. True b. False The boyhood friend of a convicted murderer is interviewed by the media and reports that the offender was withdrawn, suspicious, […]