Which of the following is not a characteristic of transnational organized crime?
a. Transnational organized crime has economic gain as its primary goal
b. It involves continuous commitment by primary members
c. Transnational criminal syndicates employ predatory tactics, such as intimidation,
violence, and corruption.
d. Transnational organized crime groups include terror organizations.
Life course theorists examine offending patterns and trends. Terrie Moffit describes
adolescent-limited offenders as
a. angry adolescents.
b. typical teenagers.
c. classic persisters.
d. standard youth.
Social control theory suggests that
a. crime occurs when the forces that bind people to society are weakened or broken.
b. only males have significant potential to become criminals.
c. crime is a learned behavior
d. people become criminals when significant members of society label them as such.
Fred would also consider his needs, skills, and prerequisites to commit burglary. Which
of the following would not be an offender-specific assessment that Fred would make?
a. whether he possesses the necessary skills to commit the crime
b. the ease of selling stolen merchandise
c. Fred’s fear of apprehension and punishment
d. Fred’s physical ability
A deviant act becomes a crime when it is defined, _____
a. challenged, and banned under common law.
b. stigmatized, and banned under procedural law.
c. prohibited, and punished under criminal law.
d. prohibited, and punished under civil law.
According to Shaw and McKay, a______neighborhood is an area wracked by extreme
poverty and suffering high rates of population turnover.
a. subcultural
b. transitional
c. concentric
d. ecological
The original commonlaw definition of larceny required a “trespass in the taking.”
a. True
b. False
Which category of crime best fits this case?
a. prostitution
b. paraphilias
c. pornography
d. substance abuse
According to the 2011 Monitoring the Future survey
a. the crime problem is the same as indicated by the UCR.
b. the crime problem is the same as indicated by the NCVS.
c. the crime problem is less than the UCR and NCVS indicate.
d. the crime problem is greater than the UCR and NCVS indicate.
Members of Titan Rain, if arrested, would be charged with what crime?
a. espionage
b. website defacement
c. cyberspying
d. cyberterrorism
Judith and Peter Blau developed the concept of______,the idea that anger and mistrust
result from perceptions of inequality that lead lower-class people to feel deprived and
embittered in comparison with those more affluent.
a. inequality concentration
b. collective deprivation
c. cultural inequality
d. relative deprivation
Which of the following is NOT considered to contribute to a healthy diet and, thus,
good mental health and well- adjusted behavior patterns?
a. polyunsaturated fatty acids
b. minerals
c. vitamins
d. heavy metals such as lead and mercury
According to the social control theory this element of the social bond insulates people
from the lure of criminal behavior because they are not sitting idle.
a. Attachment
b. Commitment
c. Belief
d. Involvement
A person’s perceived level of self-control changes as the individual grows into
adulthood.
a. True
b. False
Victims are usually selected for their maximum propaganda value and the goal is to
inflict maximum horror is characteritc of which type of group?
a. political
b. redistributive
c. insurgent
d. nationalist
Congress has treated computer-related crime as a state and local offense rather than
federalizing it.
a. True
b. False
When those engaged in paraphilic behaviors do so in the privacy of their homes, they
remain outside the law’s
reach.
a. True
b. False
In his research on fraud, Cressey found that the____view allowed professionals to
excuse their criminal behavior since, “all people steal when they get in a tight spot.”
a. corporate greed
b. rationalization/neutralization
c. corporate culture
d. self-control
The arrest rate for prostitution reveals that the gender ratio is_____ female to male.
a. 1:1
b. 1:2
c. 2:1
d. 3:1
Left realists are conflict scholars who view the police and the courts as inherent evil
tools of capitalism whose tough tactics alienate the lower classes.
a. True
b. False
______reflects a critical perspective that explains both the exploitation of women and
women’s criminality in terms of gender inequality and patriarchy.
a. Left realism
b. Critical feminism
c. Supranational criminology
d. Restorative justice
According to the research on chronic offenders, arrests and court experiences deter
chronic offenders.
a. True
b. False
Why is early onset an important factor in the study of crime?
a. Because the earlier that antisocial behavior is identified, the earlier that turning points
can be implemented.
b. Because latent traits may have gone unnoticed or unidentified at birth.
c. Because early onset of antisocial behavior predicts later and more serious criminality.
d. Because early onset of antisocial behavior is void of the crime-non-crime choice
mechanism suggested by Wilson and Herrnstein.
On May 1, 2011, Osama bin Ladenhead of the AlQaeda terror network and the world’s
most wanted manwas
killed by members of Seal Team 6 in his secret compound located in Abbottabad,
Pakistan. His burial at sea marked the end of the turbulent career of this political
criminal.
Given the fact that Osama bin Laden was educated and a part of the social elite, he most
likely came to terrorism out of
a. ideological conviction
b. economic need
c. a socialization process
d. frustration with being alienated from society
Sociologist Jack Katz argues that there are situational inducements to criminality that
directly precede the commission of crime and draw offenders into law violations. Katz
termed these inducements the
a. seductions of crime.
b. thrills of crime.
c. rewards of crime.
d. lures of crime.
Problem behavior syndrome contends that
a. genetics hold the key to addiction.
b. the neighborhood is the primary determinant of substance abuse.
c. substance abuse is linked to impaired cognitive functioning.
d. substance abuse is just one of many problem behaviors.
Beth wrote an article about the cycle of which explained that victims of childhood
abuse are more likely to commit crimes themselves.
a. abuse
b. crime
c. rape
d. violence
Source control strategies, such as dissuading coca cultivation in Peru and Colombia,
can undermine the economies of third world nations.
a. True
b. False
The Bureau of Justice Statistics collects data from local law enforcement agencies and
publishes them yearly in its Uniform Crime Report (UCR). a. True
b. False
Do criminals really neutralize? What does Topalli’s research on street criminals
indicate?
a. Street criminals frequently respect and admire honest, law-abiding persons.
b. Street criminals do not experience guilt that requires neutralization.
c. Street criminals experience guilt and shame that require neutralization.
d. Street criminals are often embarrassed about showing pride in their criminal
accomplishments.
Social process criminologists focus on socialization rather than the environment when
explaining crime.
a. True
b. False
International trafficking in prostitution flourishes. Hundreds of thousands of children
and women, primarily from____, are abducted or lured by the promise of good jobs
and, instead, end up in the sex trade in industrialized countries including the United
States.
a. Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe
b. Western Europe and South Africa
c. South Africa and Southeast Asia
d. Eastern Europe and South Africa
Wolfgang et al.’s second cohort study tracked males andfemales. What percentage of
chronic offenders were female?
a. 1 percent
b. 3 percent
c. 6 percent
d. 9 percent
The profile of the terrorist as an emotionally disturbed individual who acts out his or
her psychoses within the confines of violent groups is consistent with the economic
motivation for terrorism.
a. True
b. False
Travis Hirschi and Michael Gottfredson claim white-collar crime is relatively rare
because, as a matter of course, business executives tend to hire people with
a. business experience.
b. self-control.
c. strong morals.
d. cultural values.
The phenomenon whereby motorists assault each other is referred to as_____ .
_____is the payment to a prostitute in return for a sexual act.
In a _____scheme, erroneous and deceptive information is posted online to get
unsuspecting investors interested in a stock while those spreading the information sell
previously purchased stock at an inflated price.
_____are prostitutes who work the street in plain sight of the police.
_______precipitation is aggressive or provocative behavior of victims that results in
their victimization.
According to social structure theory, the key to understanding the root cause of crime
can be found in the nation’s socioeconomic makeup. Explain what is meant by this
statement.
Answer:Answers will vary.
By outlawing criminal behavior, the government expects to achieve a number of social
goals. Discuss five of the goals that the government hopes to achieve by outlawing
these behaviors.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Provide a summary of developmental theory’s evolution including those theorists
important in this theory’s history.
Answer:Answers may vary.
Criminologists who focus on victims of crime are known as ____.
According to strain theorists, what is strain, what causes strain, and how does strain
lead to crime?
Answer:Answers will vary.
The_____ is the goal of accumulating material goods and wealth through individual
competition.
_____is provided for victims who feel isolated, vulnerable, and in need of immediate
services.
The_____ is the reasonably stable patterns of behavior that distinguish one person from
another.
A pattern of persistent offending across the life course is referred to as a .
Compare espionage and treason.
Answer:Answer not provided
The_____is the lowest social strata in any country, whose members lack the education
and skills needed to function successfully in modern society.
______are effective deterrents to crime, such as police or watchful neighbors.
Discuss the issues of consent and past sexual history as they pertain to rape cases and
explain why these issues are legally problematic.
Answer:Answer not provided.