According to the U.S. Department of Education, minority students, especially boys,
face much harsher discipline in public schools than other students.
a. True
b. False
People in the United States live in a stratified society in which social strata are created
by the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is true regarding restorative justice programs?
a. Restoration programs are relatively new having been developed only in the last
decade.
b. Restoration programs have been part of peacekeeping in Asian, Native American, and
Native Canadian communities for centuries.
c. While used in Europe and Asia, restoration programs have yet to be implemented in
the United States.
d. According to Howard Zehr, the core value of the restorative justice process can be
translated as therapy for all.
Some political criminals plot to overthrow the existing government and replace it with
one that holds views they find more acceptable.
a. True
b. False
Online gambling casinos have proven particularly vulnerable to DoS attacks.
a. True
b. False
Primary prevention programs provide treatment, such as psychological counseling, to
youths and adults after they have violated the law.
a. True
b. False
According to the major premise of this theory, crime occurs when the wealthy and the
poor live close to one another.
a. Anomie theory
b. General strain theory
c. Institutional anomie theory
d. Relative deprivation theory
Neurophysiology studies twin behavior in order to understand criminality.
a. True
b. False
As the number of guns in the population increases, so do violent crime rates.
a. True
b. False
Political crimes can include both violent and nonviolent crimes.
a. True
b. False
Racial threat theory contends that as the percentage of African Americans in the
population increases, so does the amount of social control that the justice system aims
at blacks.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is a reason why some critics say it is premature to embrace
three-strikes policies?
a. Most three-time losers are on the verge of aging out of crime anyway.
b. Few career criminals engage in violent crime.
c. Most crime is committed by juveniles who are not eligible for three-strikes
punishment.
d. Crime rates have dropped dramatically in the last decade.
In regard to Anderson’s study in Philadelphia addressing neighborhood life of youth and
gangs, those individuals who were respected by residents and who at one time played
an important role in socializing youth were referred to as ______.
a. old heads
b. dust devils
c. parrots
d. snitches
Which of the following is not one of the political terrorist groups listed in the text?
a. Boko Haram
b. Posse Comitatus
c. Aryan Nation
d. Ku Klux Klan
According to arousal theory, sensation seekers look for stimulating activities that may
include aggressive, violent behavior patterns.
a. True
b. False
Unlike any other crime, in a rape case it is essential to prove that the attack was forced
and that no question of ____ exists.
a. consensual influence
b. voluntary manipulation
c. consensual authority
d. voluntary compliance
Armed military bands that use hit-and-run terror tactics to destabilize the existing
government are known as _____.
a. profiteers
b. insurrectionairies
c. mutineers
d. guerillas
Recent research by Hinduja and Patchin on cyberbullying has found that roughly 46
percent of high school students surveyed had been a victim of cyberbullying and nearly
62 percent reported perpetrating cyberbullying.
a. True
b. False
According to critical feminist theory, women are considered a commodity worth
possessing, like land or money.
a. True
b. False
Of all the commonly practiced paraphilias, which causes the general public the most
concern?
a. Pedophilia
b. Frotteurism
c. Sadomasochism
d. Exhibitionism
Reconciliation programs are based on the concept of restorative justice.
a. True
b. False
The “truly disheartened” is the term used by William Julius Wilson to describe socially
isolated people who dwell in urban inner-cities, who occupy the bottom rung of the
social ladder, and who are the victims of discrimination.
a. True
b. False
Boosters or heels steal goods for the intention of reselling for a profit.
a. True
b. False
__________ was the forerunner of modern learning theorists who believed that people
learn from one another through imitation.
a. Albert Bandura
b. Charles Goring
c. Gabriel Tarde
d. Sigmund Freud
Fred is a 20-year-old who lives in a large metropolitan city. He graduated high school
but decided that he would get a job immediately following high school instead of going
to college. He thought making money at that moment was more important than
furthering his education. Now, Fred realizes he is stuck at a dead-end job making
minimum wage and is tired of working so many hours and making so little money. Fred
is thinking about committing various crimes in order to supplement his income.
Fred would also consider his needs, skills, and prerequisites to commit burglary. Which
of the following would not be an offender-specific assessment that Fred would make?
a. Whether he possesses the necessary skills to commit the crime
b. The ease of selling stolen merchandise
c. Fred’s fear of apprehension and punishment
d. Fred’s physical ability
The Animal Liberation Front is a group of domestic terrorists who smuggle animals for
genetic reasons from third-world countries to the United States for financial gain to
support their larger mission of world dominance.
a. True
b. False
Aging out is a term used to address the ending of a sentence for those convicted of
lengthy felony sentences.
a. True
b. False
Messner and Rosenfeld’s institutional anomie theory argues that the goal of success at
all costs has invaded every aspect of American life.
a. True
b. False
Life course theories integrate personal, social, socialization, situational, and cognitive
factors to explain human behavior. Personality and intelligence are __________ factors
that can explain the onset and continuation of criminality.
a. personal
b. social
c. socialization
d. cognitive
Cybercrimes are vast in scope and place a heavy burden on society
a. True
b. False
While email is the most common form of spam, many are not aware that viruses and
spam can be sent in the form of instant messaging, online forums, social media and
even text messaging.
a. True
b. False
Some victims, for instance, the elderly, the poor, and minority group members, develop
a persistent and paralyzing fear that they will again become victimized.
a. True
b. False
A number of causal factors contribute to violent crime. Identify and discuss those causal
factors.
Answer:Answers will vary
List and describe the primary data associated with predicting future crime trends.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Compare and contrast the Uniform Crime Report and the National Crime Victimization
Survey. What are the differences in the way data are collected for these primary crime
data sources?
Answer:Answers will vary.
________________ is the illegal buying of stock in a company on the basis of
information provided by someone who has a fiduciary interest in the company.
Discuss the relationship between hormonal changes and mood and behavior.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Explain the influence of family relations on delinquency and crime.
Answer:Answers will vary
_______________________ refers to those who begin to engage in antisocial behavior
after the onset of a psychiatric disorder and their criminal behavior is attributed to the
symptoms of the disorder.
The typical goal of an ____________ is to confront the existing government for control
of all or a portion of its territory, or force political concessions in sharing political
power.
Crimes that effect the environment are referred to as _______________ crimes.
One of the most prominent social learning theories is differential association theory.
Discuss the major assumptions and principles of this theory.
Answer:Answers will vary
Using anti-smut or anti-gay marriage campaigns as your example, explain how moral
crusaders seek to shape the law.
Answer:Answers will vary
The ________________ is the reasonably stable patterns of behavior that distinguish
one person from another.
__________________________ theory focuses on changes in criminality over the time
brought about by shifts in experience and events which occur as one ages.
Discuss the issues of consent and past sexual history as they pertain to rape cases and
explain why these issues are legally problematic.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Every state has a Victim’s Bill of Rights. What are the general rights legally accorded to
victims of crime?
Answer:Answers will vary.
The unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession
of another is known as __________.
Under Merton’s Social Adaptations of crime, __________ occurs when individuals
embrace conventional social goals and also have the means to attain them.
Criminologists who focus on victims of crime are known as ____________.
Discuss how the educational setting influences crime.
Answer:Answers will vary