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What separates a revolution from a coup is that revolutions rely on armed forces and
violence, while coups traditionally are nonviolent?
a. True
b. False
The police chief in Anytown, USA, is conducting weekly seminars where the residents
of his city can come and learn about crime rates, crime trends, and crime patterns in
their city. Every week the seminars seem to become more popular. At the most recent
seminar, 200 people attended. They had to move the seminar into the city auditorium.
The police chief recommends to the audience that they should look at other sources to
evaluate statistics on crime.He suggests that the participants review the
_______________, which is a comprehensive, nationwide survey of victimization in
the United States conducted annually by the U.S. Census Bureau and the Bureau of
Justice Statistics.
a. MTF
b. NCVS
c. NIBRS
d. UCR
The publication of Taylor, Walton, and Young's __________ in 1973 gave a powerful
boost to the conflict view and created a tradition for critical criminologists to question
the role criminology plays in supporting the status quo and aiding the oppression of the
poor and powerless.
a. The New Criminology
b. Left Realism in the Seventies
c. Feminism and the Law
d. The Social Reality of Crime
According to the rational choice approach, the decision to commit crime is structured
by ______.
a. the presence of crime encouragers and absence of crime discouragers
b. the characteristics of the victim and how the victim may react
c. the absence or presence of competing offenders
d. where the crime occurs and the characteristics of the target
According to ___________ theory, for a variety of genetic and environmental reasons,
people's brains function differently in response to environmental stimuli.
a. excitement
b. arousal
c. danger
d. stimuli
Psychopaths are the product of a destructive home environment.
a. True
b. False
The Animal Liberation Front (ALF) would fall into which of the following categories of
terrorism?
a. Political
b. Revolutionary
c. Nationalist
d. Retributive
Governor Smith is interested in overhauling the criminal justice system in his state. He
realizes that this is a huge endeavor and will need the help of many experts in the field
who make up the agencies of social control. He begins assembling his team to look at
crime and the criminal justice system in his state.
Edwin Sutherland is most known for his pioneering research in which of the following
fields?
a. White-collar crime
b. Environmental crime
c. Social bond theory
d. Techniques of neutralization
All of the following would be considered an instrumental crime except
a. pawning stolen merchandise
b. rape
c. selling drugs
d. theft
The major premise of this theory is that material goods pervade all aspects of American
life.
a. Institutional anomie theory
b. General strain theory
c. Relative deprivation theory
d. Conflict theory
Which issue presents an obstacle to controlling drugs via source control strategies?
a. The drug trade is an important source of foreign revenue and source control
undermines third-world economies.
b. The amount of foreign grown narcotics is so vast that even if 75 percent of the opium
market were destroyed, the United States would still require only 10 percent of the
remainder to sustain its drug trade.
c. Even if the government of one nation were willing to cooperate in vigorous drug
suppression efforts, other nations would be eager to cash in on the drug trade void.
d. These are all issues that present obstacles to controlling drugs via source control
strategies.
Pharmacists have been known to alter prescriptions or substitute low-cost generic drugs
for more expensive name brands. This is an example of which category of white-collar
crime?
a. Professional chiseling
b. Churning
c. Employee fraud
d. Influence peddling
Which of the following is true about the Convention on Cybercrime, ratified in 2006?
a. It was the first international treaty to address the definition and enforcement of
cybercrime
b. It has been signed by 70 nations
c. It fails to address a common legal framework to eliminate jurisdictional hurdles
d. All of the above
Criminologists interested in computing criminal statistics focus on creating ________
measurements of criminal behavior.
a. tactical and strategic
b. valid and reliable
c. legal and positivist
d. current and applicable
Differential association theory holds that people learn criminal attitudes and behavior
during their adolescence from close, trusted friends or relatives.
a. True
b. False
After World War I, prostitution became associated with ____, and the desire to protect
young servicemen from harm helped to end all experiments with legalization in the
United States.
a. organized crime
b. immorality
c. violence
d. disease
Not only should criminological research do no harm to subjects, but this research
should also ______.
a. lead to prestige and status for the researcher
b. result in financial gain for the researcher
c. result in financial gain for research subjects
d. be empowering and directly useful to research subjects
Shaw and McKay's statistical analysis confirmed that even though crime rates changed,
the highest rates were always in Zones I and Zone II.
a. True
b. False
Guns do not cause violence, but their presence can escalate its severity.
a. True
b. False
Stalking cases are often dropped by the courts despite the fact that stalkers often have
extensive criminal histories and are frequently the subject of protective orders.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is not true about Lone-actor terrorists?
a. All suffer from either depression or a mental disorder.
b. The Boston bombing is considered a lone-actor event.
c. Many lone-actors have previous military experience.
d. Many see themselves as outcasts or socially unequal.
Most human trafficking is considered _______, meaning that the origin and the
destination of the victim are within the same region of the world.
a. intraregional
b. interregional
c. cross-sectional
d. intraracial
_________is a disturbing behavior whereby men travel overseas to places such as
Thailand in order to engage in illicit sexual behavior with young girls who have been
sold into prostitution.
a. Pedophilia tourism
b. Pedophilia trafficking
c. Sex tourism
d. Sex trafficking
What was the significance of the Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud and
Abuse Law?
a. It protected classified U.S defense and foreign relations information.
b. It made identity theft a separate crime against the individual whose identity was
stolen.
c. It created a federal insurance program to assist victims of computer fraud.
d. All of the above
According to the general theory of crime, being adventuresome, physical, and
self-centered are all signs that a person possess ______.
a. high self-esteem
b. low self-esteem
c. high self-control
d. low self-control
Frank is a drug user. Frank robs a store to support his heroin habit. This is an example
of _______.
a. economic compulsive behavior
b. pharmacological violence
c. systemic violence
d. psychopharmacological violence
In regard to the goals of political crimes, the motive for profit-related crimes usually
includes the selling of state secrets for personal enrichment or trafficking in stolen arms
or munitions.
a. True
b. False
On October 26, 2001, Congress passed the ______________ giving U.S. Law
Enforcement a freer hand at investigating terrorists.
a. USA Patriot Act
b. U.S. Anti-Terrorism Act
c. Federal Lautenberg Act
d. George W. Bush Exemption Act
The fact that a crime is offense-specific means that criminals must decide if they have
the personal needs, skills, and prerequisites to commit a successful criminal act.
a. True
b. False
What happens when crime reduction programs produce a short-term positive effect, but
benefits dissipate as criminals adjust to new conditions?
a. Diffusion
b. Discouragement
c. Displacement
d. Extinction
Compare and contrast the terms espionage and treason.
Answer:Answers will vary.
The ability of persons and groups to control the behavior of others is known as
_________________.
______________ is the view that human behavior is motivated by inborn biological
urges to survive and preserve the species.
Explain the role of Karl Marx and his vision of economic inequality and how this
ideology had a profound influence on twentieth-century schools of thought.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Computer _____________ are programs that attack computer networks by
self-replicating and sending themselves to other users, generally via email without the
aid of the operator.
Explain the significance of industrial espionage over the last 20 years and what impact
has it had on the United States and the rest of the world?
Answer:Answers will vary.
Taking a criminal case to a higher court on the grounds that the defendant was found
guilty because of legal error or violation of his or her constitutional rights is known as
a/an _____.
Identify and discuss the costs of victimization and the problems that victims experience.
Answer:Answers will vary.
In regard to eighteenth century English property crime, individuals who moved freely in
sparsely populated areas and transported goods, such as spirits and spices, without
paying taxes were known as _________________.
Distinguish among cybertheft, cybervandalism, and cyberwar.
Answer:Answers will vary
Traditional common law theft crimes such as larceny, burglary, and arson are called
________________ crimes.
Articulate the basic principles of trajectory theory and explain their relationship to
crime and criminality.
Answer:Answers will vary
Financial aid awarded to crime victims is referred to as ____________.
Explain the racial threat hypothesis, how it begins, and what factors are associated with
it. Provide at least one real world example which may demonstrate the racial threat
hypothesis in action.
Answer:Answers will vary.
List and describe the various public policy implications associated with developmental
theory.
Answer:Answers will vary
