Ineffective families have been linked to persistent violent offending. Which is not a
factor characteristic of an ineffective family?
a. parental oversight
b. inconsistent discipline
c. inconsistent supervision
d. physical abuse
Locking gates, and putting unbreakable glass on storefronts are examples of crime
discouragers.
a. True
b. False
People with high-risk lifestyles have a lower risk of victimization.
a. True
b. False
Why is drug dealing considered a rational crime?
a. Because drug dealers approach their “profession” in a businesslike fashion.
b. Because drug dealers are consistently able to avoid detection and arrest.
c. Because drug dealers lure non-users with ‘samples” of their product to generate a
greater number of hooked, hard-core users.
d. Because drug dealers are more intelligent than other street offenders.
Criminal late starters are more likely to be involved in violent crimes.
a. True
b. False
Before October 30, 1998, when the Identity Theft and Assumption Act of 1998 became
law, there was no federal statute that made identity theft a crime.
a. True
b. False
Cyber terrorists have many advantages. Which is not one of those advantages?
a. Cyber terrorists target Western nations, who have the resources to respond
aggressively.
b. There are no borders of legal control, making it difficult for prosecutors to apply laws
to some crimes.
c. Criminals can operate from countries where cyber laws barely exist.
d. Terrorists can commit crimes from anyplace in the world and the costs are minimal.
Organized crime has evolved since the “traditional days” of the Mafia. Discuss how and
why organized crime has changed. What does contemporary organized crime “look
like?”
Answer:Answer not provided.
bin Laden was killed by the United States in 2012. This action is an example of
confronting terrorism with
a. law enforcement
b. law
c. a military solution
d. non-legal means
A crime becomes a deviant act when it is deemed by lawmakers as socially harmful or
dangerous. a. True
b. False
What category of victim precipitation occurs when the victim exhibits some personal
characteristic that unknowingly either threatens or encourages the attacker?
a. impulsive precipitation
b. passive precipitation
c. reflexive precipitation
d. active precipitation
Crime peaks in adolescence and then declines rapidly thereafter. What is the peak age
for property crime?
a. 14
b. 16
c. 18
d. 20
Which of the following is an example of a redistributive terrorist group?
a. ETA of Spain
b. al Qaeda
c. the Animal Liberation Front
d. PLO
Biosocial research has found that abnormal levels of male sex hormones, known
as______, do in fact produce aggressive behavior.
a. antigens
b. androgens
c. estrogens
d. peptides
Embezzlement occurs when someone who is trusted with property fraudulently
converts it. What do we know about embezzlement?
a. The number of people arrested for embezzlement has decreased in the past decade.
b. Moving property without an owner’s consent is legally defined as embezzlement.
c. Embezzlement goes back to ancient Greece.
d. Third World countries are immune to embezzlement due to their poverty and lack of
economy.
The cause of substance abuse is related to a single reason.
a. True
b. False
Situational crime prevention suggests that crime prevention can be achieved by
reducing the opportunities people have to commit particular crimes.
a. True
b. False
There is a significant relationship between parental and child deviance levels.
a. True
b. False
Gottfredson and Hirschi claim that the principles of self-control theory
a. predominantly explain violent crime.
b. predominantly explain property crime.
c. predominantly explain street crime.
d. can explain all varieties of criminal behavior.
Social control theory suggests that people learn techniques and attitudes of crime from
close relationships with criminal peers.
a. True
b. False
Cultural deviance theory combines elements of and social disorganization theories.
a. strain
b. poverty
c. socialization
d. transmission
Criminologists suspect that most property and theft-related crimes are the work of
professional criminals.
a. True
b. False
Being abused or neglected as a child the odds of being arrested, both as a juvenile and
as an adult.
a. decreases
b. increases
c. initially increases then decreases
d. does not impact
Which of the following is NOT a condition present in a strictly commercial sexual
transaction?
a. activity that has sexual significance for the customer
b. economic transaction
c. felonious violence
d. emotional indifference
Terrorist groups have found using the Internet in order to raise funds to buy arms and
carry out operations particularly difficult.
a. True
b. False
According to life course theory, criminal careers cannot be reversed even if life
conditions improve.
a. True
b. False
The poorest Americans are also the most likely victims of violent and property crimes.
a. True
b. False
Households that have experienced victimization in the past are the least likely to
experience victimization again in the future.
a. True
b. False
The American legal system is a direct descendent of
a. Roman appellate law.
b. British appellate law.
c. British common law.
d. Roman common law.
According to target vulnerability, having attractive possessions may make one
vulnerable to predatory crime.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following research findings supports the core principles of differential
association theory?
a. Criminal and delinquent acts are rational and systematic.
b. Differential association accounts for spontaneous acts of violence.
c. Differential association theory involves circular reasoning.
d. Crime appears to be intergenerational.
Gender affects victimization risk. Which of the following is a significant gender
difference?
a. Men are less likely to be victims of violent crime.
b. Women are more likely to be victims of robbery.
c. Women are more likely to be victimized by a stranger.
d. Women are more likely to be victimized by someone they know.
Adolescents who do not receive affection from their parents during childhood are
a. more likely to be depressed and suicidal as they mature.
b. more likely to use illicit drugs and be more aggressive as they mature.
c. more likely to suffer mental impairment as they mature.
d. more likely to engage in violent crime as they mature.
Pilferage refers to efforts of organized groups to download and sell copyrighted
software in violation of the
software’s licensing.
a. True
b. False
More specifically, Madoff had conducted a , bilking billions from unsuspecting
customers.
a. Ponzi scheme
b. illegal dumping
c. burglary
d. credit card theft
Criminal acts committed by government officials are referred to as______ .
Distinguish among insurgents, guerillas, and revolutionaries.
Answer:Answer not provided
Explain how economic need, personal traits, and experience contribute to how criminals
structure criminality.
Answer:Answers will vary.
How is age of onset related to crime and criminality?
Answer:Answers will vary.
How do critical criminologists view crime? Include in your response the critical
criminology specialization called supranational criminology.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Identify and discuss the causes of terrorism and what motivates the terrorist.
Answer:Answer not provided
Values, such as toughness and street smarts that have evolved specifically to fit
conditions in lower-class environments are referred to as___ .
According to critical theorists, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide are
examples of______________ crimes.
While Lombroso’s version of strict biological determinism is no longer taken seriously,
discuss the evolution of
Lombroso’s biological determinism and its relationship to contemporary biosocial
theory.
Answer:Answers will vary.
According to Merton and his social adaptations,_____ reject both the goals and means
of society.
Identify and discuss the four factors that social learning theorists suggest contribute to
violent or aggressive behavior.
Answer:Answers will vary.
______deterrence is the view that criminal sanctions should be so powerful that
offenders will never repeat their criminal acts.
Describe what a Ponzi scheme is and the significance of Bernie Madoff.
Answer:Answer not provided.
Explain the concept of social harm and discuss the contention by some scholars that
public order crimes are not necessarily victimless offenses.
Answer:Answer not provided.