The definition of political terrorism is
a. terrorism directed at people or groups who oppose the terrorists’ political ideology or
whom the terrorists define as “outsiders” who must be destroyed.
b. the use violence to frighten those in power and their supporters in order to replace the
existing government with a regime that holds acceptable political or religious views.
c. when a repressive government regime forces its citizens into obedience, oppresses
minorities, and stifles political dissent.
d. violent actions to protect the environment.
Which is not a cyber technique terrorists use to fund their groups?
a. smuggling
b. the use of bogus companies to receive and distribute money
c. funding through fraudulent charitable organizations
d. intellectual property (IP) crime
Less than 1/3 of all convicted felons are rearrested within three years of their release
from prison.
a. True
b. False
Beth conducts a lot of research on children of abuse. According to the published
research on children who are abused, victims are likely to be characterized by all of the
following except
a. suffer lower self esteem
b. be more suicidal as adults
c. be abused as adults
d. have successful careers
According to critical theorists, crime is a
a. legal concept designed to protect the poor from oppression.
b. an idealistic concept resulting from a legal system designed to mete out the severest
punishments to those who inflict the most social harm.
c. political concept designed to protect the power and position of the upper classes.
d. philosophical concept whereby laws are designed to maintain a tranquil, fair society.
All of the following family factors are associated with delinquency EXCEPT
a. inconsistent discipline.
b. poor parental supervision.
c. non-coercive parenting.
d. drug abusing parents.
Modern commercial sex appears to have its roots in ancient_____where Solon
established licensed brothels in 500 BC.
a. Rome
b. Greece
c. Mesopotamia
d. Persia
According to the author, the most important of Shaw and McKay’s findings was that
a. crime rates increase as police services increase.
b. over time crime rates shift outward from Zones I & II to the suburban zones.
c. crime rates correspond to neighborhood structure.
d. the number of abandoned buildings decreases as emigration increases.
Rehabilitation is the current sentencing approach taken to deal with chronic offenders.
a. True
b. False
The major premise of the genetic theory is that:
a. as the human race evolved, traits and characteristics became ingrained, some of
which make aggressive and predisposed to commit crime.
b. criminality of the parents can predict the delinquency of children.
c. criminals and delinquents often suffer brain impairment.
d. crime is a function of diet and food allergies.
Death squads are characteristic of nationalist terrorist groups.
a. True
b. False
The development of organized crime in the United States was accelerated by which
event?
a. The emergence of Al Capone in the 1920s
b. Federal regulation of all cigarette sales beginning in 1920
c. The mass immigration of ethnic minorities into the United States
d. Prohibition, resulting from passage of the Eighteenth Amendment
Petit larceny involves small amounts of money or property and is punished as a
misdemeanor.
a. True
b. False
The Convention on Cybercrime, ratified by the U.S. Senate in August 2006, was the
first international treaty that addresses the definition and enforcement of cyber crime.
a. True
b. False
It has been conclusively shown that illegal logging does little to actually exhaust forest,
destroy wildlife, or damage its habitats.
a. True
b. False
What percentage of all children in the United States live below the poverty line?
a. 11
b. 21
c. 41
d. 61
A competency hearing in which a person is declared “mentally ill,” or a trial where
someone is found to be a “rapist”____are forms of according to Harold Garfinkle.
a. successful demonizing rituals
b. successful shame rituals
c. successful stigmatizing ceremonies
d. successful degradation ceremonies
To promote the arrest of amateur and professional shoplifters, a number of states have
passed_____laws that are designed to protect retailers and their employees from
lawsuits stemming from improper or false arrests of suspected shoplifters.
a. merchant privilege
b. consumer privilege
c. clerk privilege
d. arrest privilege
Griffin would not have been guilty of which of the following crimes?
a. computer security breach
b. fraud
c. cyber theft
d. theft of electronic property
When Harry was twelve years old, his mother saw that he began to display signs of
disobedience and acting very stubborn. Which pathway is described by Harry’s
stubborn behavior?
a. authority avoidance
b. authority conflict
c. covert
d. overt
Subcultural values are handed down from one generation to the next in a process called
a. norms transmission.
b. social transmission.
c. belief transmission.
d. cultural transmission.
Victims tend to be passive people who rarely become involved in crime themselves.
a. True
b. False
Referring to the ecology of crime, which statement about crime and temperature is
accurate?
a. Crime increases as temperature increases.
b. Crime decreases as temperature increases.
c. Crime and temperature are inversely related.
d. Crime and temperature show no relationship.
Empirical research confirms that, as predicted by critical criminology, a suspect’s race is
an important factor in
shaping justice system decision making.
a. True
b. False
When a Trojan horse is opened it spreads in the computer system.
a. viruses
b. worms
c. logic bombs
d. spam
After World War I, prostitution became associated with , and the desire to protect young
servicemen from harm helped to end all experiments with legalization in the United
States.
a. organized crime
b. immorality
c. violence
d. disease
Edgework is the excitement or exhilaration of successfully executing illegal activities in
dangerous situations.
a. True
b. False
Walter and Janet’s middle child Fred is having trouble in school. He has been placed in
special classes for emotionally disturbed children because of a learning disability. Fred’s
parents are concerned that others are calling their child “emotionally disturbed” and
“delinquent.” Fred begins to act up, when he hadn’t before, behaviors which validate
which social process theory?
a. Social disorganization theory
b. Social control theory
c. Social learning theory
d. Social reaction theory
The accused is brought before the trial judge and formal charges are read during which
step in the criminal justice process?
a. adjudication
b. arrest
c. arraignment
d. disposition
At the end of the 19th century, the popularity of the classical approach began to decline
as_____criminologists focused their attentions on internal and external factors – such as
poverty, IQ, and education – rather than personal choice and decision making.
a. positivist
b. ecological
c. classical
d. interactionist
One afternoon Christopher is speaking to his friend Johnny on the phone. His mother is
secretly listening to their conversation and realizes that Johnny was robbed at the corner
store a few blocks from his house.
Johnny is trying to recruit Christopher to help him retaliate against his attacker. Johnny
knows the attacker is a kid who lives a few blocks away from him. According the
deviant place theory, which term best describes the desire for Johnny to retaliate against
his attacker?
a. honor code
b. code of the plyground
c. prison rules
d. street code
Why do most state jurisdictions punish burglary as a felony?
a. Because, historically, a “man’s home is his castle.”
b. Because, legally, one’s home is afforded greater protection under the U.S.
Constitution.
c. Because, unlike an auto, an individual’s home is considered a permanent belonging.
d. Because the potential for harm to the occupants is so significant.
According to the theory of social harm, immoral acts can be distinguished from crimes
on the basis of the _____they cause.
a. social outrage
b. injury
c. financial loss
d. depravity
There are different types of twins. The boys are most likely twins if is determined that
they are very close in such crime-relevant measures as level of aggression and verbal
skills.
a. dizygotic
b. dualgotic
c. monozygotic
d. polygotic