Archives

Which of the following statements about life review is NOT true? A.Life reviews avoid reflecting on regrets. B.Life reviews can include sociocultural dimensions. C.Life reviews lead to revision or expanded understanding of experiences. D.Life reviews include interpersonal relationship dimensions. Answer: […]

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following developmental stages is experienced by an individual during adolescence? A.Autonomy versus shame and doubt B.Intimacy versus isolation C.Initiative versus guilt D.Identity versus identity confusion Answer: Which of the following statements is true […]

According to Levinson, the changes to middle-adulthood requires that the adult male come to grips with four major conflicts. Which of the following is NOT one of these major conflicts? A.Being young versus being old B.Being attractive versus being unattractive […]

Which of the following is TRUE of social smiling? A. It does not occur in response to external stimuli. B. It appears during the first month after birth. C. It usually appears during sleep. D. The external stimulus is typically […]

Sometimes euthanasia is called: A.”honor killing.” B.”mercy killing.” C.”quick death.” D.”violent death.” Answer: Early-onset antisocial behavior: A.is associated with less negative developmental outcomes than late-onset antisocial behavior. B.is not associated with a tendency to persist into emerging adulthood. C.is associated […]

_____ has been the most consistent predictor of a secure attachment. A.Genetic predisposition B.Parental sensitivity C.Extraversion D.Uninhibited disposition Answer: Which of the following is included in the patterns of heterosexual behavior for males and females in emerging adulthood? A.Emerging adults […]

Except for the sperm and the egg, all cells in the human body have _____ chromosomes. A.10 B.32 C.23 D.46 Answer: Which of the following is an example of implicit memory? A.Being at a grocery store and remembering what an […]

Infancy experts Mary Ainsworth and John Bowlby stress that _____ is an important ingredient in developing a strong bond between the infant and caregiver. A. a quick, comforting response to the infant’s cries B. ignoring the infant’s cries C. forcefully […]

According to Erikson, the positive resolution of which developmental stage culminates in existential identity in old age? A.Generativity vs. stagnation B.Industry vs. inferiority C.Integrity vs. despair D.Intimacy vs. isolation Answer: When people become parents through pregnancy, adoption, or step-parenting, they […]

People belonging to the _____ category often spent more time in singles bars and had more casual sex than their counterparts in the other divorce categories. A.libertine B.defeated C.seekers D.competent loners Answer: _____, a mammalian hormone that also acts as […]

Baby Kendra, who is 6 days old, is presented with two breast pads. One comes from her mother, and the other has not been used. Which one will Kendra probably prefer? A. Kendra will probably not show any preference. B. […]

Which parenting style leads to egocentric, domineering, and noncompliant behavior in children? A.Authoritarian parenting B.Authoritative parenting C.Indulgent parenting D.Neglectful parenting Answer: Most psychologists believe that it is best for dying individuals to: A.be unaware of their condition. B.limit their interaction […]

Who among the following is most likely to be rejected by peers on the basis of gender roles? A.A little girl in boy’s clothing B.A little boy playing with a doll C.A little boy playing with a toy truck D.A […]

In the Berkeley Longitudinal Studies, which of the following characteristics was generally stable across time for an adult? A.Nurturance B.Hostility C.Self-control D.Self-confidence Answer: The _____ lobes in the cerebral cortex function in vision. A. frontal B. parietal C. occipital D. […]

From about _____ years of age, children display heteronomous morality. A.1 to 3 B.4 to 7 C.10 to 12 D.2 to 4 Answer: A(n) _____ is a written statement that spells out a program that is specifically tailored for the […]

Which of the following distinguishes the locations where rites of passage are prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa? A.High socioeconomic status B.Acceptance of Western culture C.Rigid social structure D.Low access to formal education Answer: The _____ pattern of growth is the sequence […]

Identify the seventh stage of Erikson’s life span theory. A.Intimacy versus isolation B.Integrity versus despair C.Autonomy versus shame and doubt D.Generativity versus stagnation Answer: The most effective way to treat adolescent depression is: A.through antidepressant medication like Prozac. B.not with […]

Many psychotherapists prefer not to work with older patients, labeling them as _____. A.YAVISes B.OPLAs C.QUOIDs D.NUIPs Answer: Most of us reach our peak physical performance: A.before the age of 30, often between the ages of 19 and 26. B.often […]

Before she started school in the U.S., Mita, daughter of immigrant parents of Indian origin, used to speak only her home language of Hindi fluently. She then learned to speak English in school and attained fluency in both Hindi and […]

The reason why many ethnic minority workers never enjoy the Social Security and Medicare benefits to which their earnings contribute is because: A.most of them do not qualify for these benefits. B.they die before reaching the age of eligibility for […]

Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development: A.start at conception and continue until adulthood. B.start at birth and end at death. C.span from conception to death. D.start at birth and continue through adulthood. Answer: According to research by Donnellan, Larsen-Rife, and […]

According to evolutionary theory, natural selection is linked to _____, which is present in the earlier part of adulthood. A.reproductive fitness B.neurogenesis C.cognitive and perceptual fitness D.muscular and skeletal strength Answer: According to a study, maltreated young children in foster […]

_____ motor skills are skills that involve large-muscle activities, such as moving one’s arms and walking. A. Fine B. Gross C. Learned D. Major Answer: Tracy’s parents are avid sports fans. Since she was a child, they took her to […]

A recent study of end-of-life planning conducted by Clements in 2009 revealed that _____ of patients 18 years of age and older had a living will. A.over two-thirds B.15 percent C.just one-third D.40 percent Answer: A(n) _____ is a layer […]

Emerging adults fail to develop health-promoting habits because they: A.believe that good genes will override any unhealthy behaviors. B.lack knowledge about which behaviors are healthy and unhealthy. C.are reluctant to be seen as health-conscious. D.do not think about how their […]

When Monica was born, she showed the typical grasping reflex by closing her fingers around anything that brushed against her palm. After a few weeks, she showed this grasping behavior even when nothing touched her palm. Monica developed a _____ […]

Which of the following statements is true about the attitudes toward death among older adults and younger adults? A.Younger adults lack any anticipation and hence death is usually emotionally less painful to them. B.Older adults are more likely to have […]

Which of the following is a region of the adult human brain where neurogenesis has been documented? A.Amygdala B.Hippocampus C.Prefrontal cortex D.Hypothalamus Answer: A mistake by the cellular machinery, or damage from an environmental agent such as radiation, may produce […]

_____ illness often follows a pattern of an acute period that may require hospitalization, followed by a longer period of remission, and then repetitions of this pattern. A.Acute B.Chronic C.Terminal D.Debilitating Answer: A consensus is developing that the key changes […]

What is the main difference between most child-care policies available in the United States and in Sweden? A. Level of inclusion of the father B. Provision of low-cost child care C. Level of inclusion of the extended family D. Provision […]

Angie’s mother allows her to schedule her study and relaxation time on her own and, in turn, expects Angie to continue doing well in school and to discuss her activities with her mother ahead of time. Her mother checks on […]

In 2009, approximately 702,000 U.S. children were found to be victims of child abuse at least once during that year. _____ of these children were abused by their parent(s). A.Ten percent B.Twenty-five percent C.Fifty-four percent D.Eighty-one percent Answer: Which of […]

Sullivan argued that the need for _____ intensifies during early adolescence, motivating teenagers to seek out close friends. A.respect B.compatibility C.intimacy D.similarity Answer: The final stage of Erik Erikson’s developmental theory is: A.generativity versus stagnation. B.trust versus mistrust. C.integrity versus […]

John Horn maintains that in middle adulthood, _____ intelligence continues to increase. A.fluid B.semantic C.crystallized D.multiple Answer: Amber is given a Stanford-Binet intelligence test. Her mental age is determined to be 14 and her chronological age is 10. Which of […]

Erica, who has two children, marries Waynewho has a daughter from his previous marriage. After the union, their family will be considered a _____ stepfamily. A.complex B.segregated C.simple D.mixed Answer: Which parenting style is undemanding and uncontrolling, but is also […]

Competent early childhood programs should focus: A. on cognitive development and socioemotional development. B. exclusively on cognitive development. C. on preoperational skills. D. on academics alone. Answer: In such fields as lyric poetry, abstract math, and theoretical physics, the peak […]

Which of the following statements about cohabiting arrangements in the U.S. is true? A.Most cohabiting couples want the official aspects of marriage. B.There is absence of any link between education and cohabitation rates in the U.S. C.Length of cohabitation has […]

Which of the following is most likely to result in a heightened self-esteem in older adults? A.Being accepted by others and being told that they are nice B.Having a low religious allegiance C.Being widowed or institutionalized D.Deteriorating physical health attitudes […]

A researcher is interested in the effect of exercise on stamina in elderly patients. The patients are randomly assigned to be in a high-exercise or low-exercise training program for eight weeks. At the end of the program, their stamina is […]

At approximately the age of _____ years, two types of romantic involvement occur: casual dating and dating in groups. A.8 to 9 B.11 to 13 C.14 to 16 D.17 to 19 Answer: Sadie has a learning disability and is being […]

The experience of our world as a smooth, unitary episode is made possible by intermodal: A. reflection. B. perception. C. sensation. D. interpretation. Answer: From the following options identify the disorder that consists of serious, persistent problems involving relationships, aggression, […]

The cost of caring for older adults with mental health disorders is estimated to be more than _____ per year in the United States. A.$100 billion B.$40 billion C.$100 million D.$50 million Answer: Which concept helps the infant to understand […]

Logan is a warm and loving parent, but he also has high expectations of his kids. As Logan encourages independent and age-appropriate behavior from his children, Baumrind would classify him as a(n): A.authoritarian parent. B.authoritative parent. C.indulgent parent. D.neglectful parent. […]

Venette recounts a funny story that she had recently heard to her friend Clarice. Clarice tells her that she has heard the story before, and, in fact, she had been the one to originally tell the story to Venette. Venette […]

According to Erik Erikson, the psychosocial stage that characterizes early childhood is: A.initiative versus guilt. B.autonomy versus shame and doubt. C.industry versus inferiority. D.trust versus mistrust. Answer: According to Piaget, solving a puzzle is an example of a: A. mental […]

According to the Big Five factors of personality, which of the following personality supertrait describes whether an individual is either secure or insecure? A.Neuroticism B.Agreeableness C.Openness D.Extraversion Answer: The overwhelming majority of children from gay or lesbian families: A.are also […]

Juan has been showing marked increase in his imitative and reciprocal play. He goes around imitating nonverbal actions like jumping and running. Juan is probably: A.around 6 months old. B.between 6 and 9 months old. C.between 12 and 18 months […]

According to Bowlby’s conceptualization of attachment, which of the following is the time period for phase 3? A.From birth to 2 months B.From 2 to 7 months C.From 7 to 24 months D.From 24 months on Answer: A relationship marked […]

Approximately, _____ African Americans is a carrier for sickle-cell anemia. A.1 in 50 B.1 in 100 C.1 in 10 D.1 in 200 Answer: Charisma is six months old and can vocalize pleasure and displeasure, search for objects out of reach, […]

“What would you do if you could be invisible for a day?” is an example of a question that has many possible answers and fosters _____ thinking. A.divergent B.convergent C.critical D.oblique Answer: The late Arthur Rubinstein, during his old age, […]

Using rehearsal, we can keep information in short-term memory for a much longer period. In this context, rehearsal means: A. preparing for a memory-span test. B. doing mental exercises daily to keep the mind sharp. C. repeating information after it […]

A recent meta-analysis of 124 studies by Jane Kroger and her colleagues revealed that during adolescence and emerging adulthood, identity _____ status rose steadily to age 19 and then declined. A.achievement B.foreclosure C.diffusion D.moratorium Answer: _____ especially plays a key […]

Mary Rothbart and John Bates believe that infant temperament falls into which of the following categories? A.Emotionality, social ability, and activity level B.Extraversion/surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control C.Easy, difficult, and slow-to-warm-up D.Extraversion, introversion, and emotionality Answer: Which statement best […]

Three prominent meanings are attached to being a grandparent. Which of the following is NOT one of those meanings? A.Biological reward and continuity B.A remote role C.A financial strain D.A source of emotional fulfillment Answer: According to John Coie, which […]

What is the most common change in sleep patterns of adults during middle age? A.Sleep-disordered breathing becomes less prevalent. B.Wakeful periods become less frequent during the night. C.The total number of hours slept dramatically increases. D.There is a decrease in […]

The view of development that sees motor skills developing as a solution to an infant’s problems is known as the _____ systems theory. A. dynamic B. maturational C. static D. environmental Answer: The frontal lobes are _____ in the newborn. […]

A study of tenth-graders revealed that: A.the number of romantic experiences reported had no link with levels of social acceptance experienced by adolescents. B.having more romantic experience was linked to a higher level of substance use and delinquency. C.co-rumination and […]

_____ is the way an individual’s genotype is expressed in observable and measurable characteristics. A.RNA B.DNA C.Phenotype D.Stereotype Answer: The _____ are characterized by individuals motivated to find new mates as soon as possible after their divorce. A.good-enoughs B.enhancers C.seekers […]

Debra is a very active child. She loves to tumble and show off. She is always trying what her parents consider hair-raising stunts. She also loves running and believes she can run faster than her parents. This type of activity […]

_____ introduced the theory of evolution by natural selection in 1859. A. Sigmund Freud B. Charles Darwin C. Stephen Hawking D. Wilhelm Wundt Answer: Regular _____ has been shown to decrease the onset of physical disability in older adults. A.weight […]

Barbara monitors her children’s emotions, views their negative emotions as opportunities for teaching, and assists her children in labeling their emotions. She is an: A.emotion-facilitator parent. B.emotion-supportive parent. C.emotion-coaching parent. D.emotion-encouraging parent. Answer: Hospices are a relatively recent approach developed […]

Which of the following is TRUE ofdifferences in the helping behavior of males and females? A.Females are helpful irrespective of the situation. B.Males are more helpful when the context is masculine in nature. C.Males are more likely to engage in […]

According to Baltes, _____ becomes relevant when life tasks require a level of capacity beyond the current level of the older adult’s performance potential. A.selection B.organization C.optimization D.compensation Answer: Regular binge drinking can change blood flow, and it can be […]

Being overweight or obese is linked to increased risk of: A.cancer. B.Down syndrome. C.anemia. D.hypertension. Answer: Compared to nonaggressive children, which of the following observations is NOT true of aggressive boys searching for clues to determine a peer’s intention(s)? A.They […]

During the fourth week of prenatal development, the urogenital system becomes apparent, and _____ emerge. A. fingernails and toenails B. hair and eyelashes C. arm and leg buds D. eyes and eyelids Answer: The young-old are people who are between: […]

According to Rochel Gelman, _____ is especially important in explaining conservation. A. the age of a child B. heredity C. attention D. intuition Answer: Fifteen-year-old Juanita wants to skip school today because she is having a bad hair day and […]

According to Sandra Scarr, passive genotype-environment correlations are relatively more common in the lives of: A. infants and young children. B. older children. C. adolescents. D. adults. Answer: Mariah has given birth to a baby girl. Even one month after […]

Vaillant’s research showed that at age 50, the best predictors of who would be dead at 75 to 80 years of age were: A.chronic depression and cardiovascular disease. B.diabetes and depression. C.alcohol abuse and smoking. D.smoking and obesity. Answer: Louise […]

According to Kohlberg, which of the following is the first stage of moral development? A.Social contract or utility and individual rights. B.Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and interpersonal conformity. C.Heteronomous morality. D.Social systems morality. Answer: A New Zealand longitudinal study assessed […]

Which of the following statements about retirement in America is true? A.Approximately 20 million retired Americans return to work after they have retired. B.When retired adults return to the labor force, it occurs on average four years after retirement. C.A […]

In 1965, the federal government began an effort to break the cycle of poverty and poor education for young children in the United States through: A. the Maria Montessori Program. B. Emancipation Undertaking. C. the Reggio Emilia Project. D. Project […]

According to Denise Park, much of the blame for declining memory in late middle age is a result of: A.neuroanatomical changes during late middle age. B.decreased blood supply to various parts of the brain. C.physiological and cognitive atrophy during late […]

The poor are the majority in nearly one of every _____ nations of the world. A. five B. ten C. two D. eight Answer: In the Strange Situation, Latoya basically ignored her mother, was not upset when she left the […]

Manny has contracted a virus that is destroying his body’s immune system. Manny most likely has _____. A.AIDS B.herpes C.syphilis D.gonorrhea Answer: June knows the names of all the states that comprise the United States. The names of the states […]

Which of the following is the finding of the longitudinal and cross-sectional assessment of intellectual abilities conducted by Schaie? A.Decline in intellectual abilities was more likely in the cross-sectional assessments than in the longitudinal assessments. B.When assessed longitudinally, inductive reasoning […]

Which of the following is true of the effects of aging on human sexual performance? A.Orgasm becomes less frequent in females with age, occurring in every second to third attempt rather than every time. B.More direct stimulation usually is needed […]

_____ is a cognitive resource that involves the ability to perform tasks such as deciding whether pairs of two-digit or two-letter strings are the same or different or determining the time required to step on the brakes when the car […]

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents’ help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles. Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon’s zone of proximal development (ZPD) for solving such puzzles? A.Sharon […]