What is the main difference between most child-care policies available in the United
States and in Sweden?
A. Level of inclusion of the father
B. Provision of low-cost child care
C. Level of inclusion of the extended family
D. Provision of developmentally appropriate child care
Answer:
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the pace of myelination in the brain?
A.Myelination for visual pathways occurs early in prenatal development and is
completed at birth.
B.Myelination for auditory pathways is completed by the end of the second year of life.
C.The frontal lobes are fully mature in the newborn.
D.The prefrontal region of the frontal lobe has the most prolonged development of any
brain region.
Answer:
In her book Growing Up with Language, Naomi Baron provided which of the following
suggestions for facilitating language development in toddlers?
A. Remember to listen.
B. Supply words and thoughts for the child to avoid frustration.
C. Use questions that encourage the child to answer “yes” or “no.”
D. Let the toddler know when he or she is not being clear in communication.
Answer:
Which of the following is an identity status where crisis and commitment are both
present?
A.Identity achievement
B.Identity foreclosure
C.Identity moratorium
D.Identity diffusion
Answer:
Carla is three-and-a-half weeks pregnant. This indicates that her child is in which of the
following stages of prenatal development?
A. Embryonic
B. Fetal
C. Placental
D. Germinal
Answer:
The _____ view states that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional
interchange between heredity and the environment.
A. epigenetic
B. biosocial
C. sociogenetic
D. congenital
Answer:
According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages occurs during early
adulthood, after individuals are well on their way to establishing stable and successful
identities?
A.Identity versus identity confusion
B.Generativity versus stagnation
C.Integrity versus despair
D.Intimacy versus isolation
Answer:
Most contemporary psychoanalytic theorists believe that Sigmund Freud:
A. proposed a theory that has stood the test of time and needs no revisions.
B. overemphasized sexual instincts.
C. overemphasized cultural experiences as determinants of an individual’s development.
D. underestimated the role of the unconscious mind in determining development.
Answer:
Compared with earlier and later periods, middle age is influenced most by _____
factors.
A.sociocultural
B.biological
C.psychodynamic
D.neurological
Answer:
Especially in infancy, emotions play important roles in:
A.independence.
B.reciprocal socialization.
C.sensation.
D.behavioral organization.
Answer:
According to studies by Price & Nesteruk (2010), retirement brings the greatest changes
to _____ families.
A.modern
B.egalitarian
C.minority
D.traditional
Answer:
The 2009 Kaiser Family Foundation survey, which included more than 2,000 8- to
18-year-olds, documented that adolescent media use has _____ in the last decade.
A.decreased significantly
B.declined slightly
C.increased dramatically
D.stayed the same
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about the good-enoughs?
A.The good-enoughs forms about 10 percent of the divorce group category.
B.Good-enough women usually married men who educationally and economically were
similar to their first husbands.
C.The good-enoughs rarely attend night classes and make new friends.
D.People in this category often spent more time in singles bars and had more casual sex
than their counterparts in the other divorce categories.
Answer:
The second Piagetian stage of development is the preoperational stage that lasts from
approximately _____ years of age.
A. 1 to 3
B. 2 to 7
C. 4 to 10
D. 5 to 12
Answer:
Which of the following is the vascular organ that links the fetus to the mother’s uterus?
A. Fallopian tube
B. Ovary
C. Placenta
D. Cervix
Answer:
Bandura’s most recent model of learning and development includes three elements:
behavior, environment, and:
A.person/cognition.
B.culture.
C.education level.
D.motivation.
Answer:
“Many emerging adults are optimistic about their future; and for emerging adults who
have experienced difficult times while growing up, emerging adulthood presents an
opportunity to direct their lives in a more positive direction”. These are the two ways
described by Jeffrey Arnett in which emerging adulthood can be viewed as:
A.a period of stability.
B.the period of social responsibilities.
C.the age of possibilities.
D.a time of feeling “in-between”.
Answer:
The middle layer of the embryo is called the _____.
A. mesoderm
B. cytoderm
C. endoderm
D. ectoderm
Answer:
Which of the following is a conclusion drawn by the current proponents of prepared
childbirth methods?
A. Midwifery is the most important support required during pregnancy and childbirth.
B. When information and support are provided, women know how to give birth.
C. Medication should be totally avoided during pregnancy.
D. Natural childbirth methods are superior to aided methods or cesarean sections.
Answer:
Based on data from 2011, which of the following individuals was most likely to get
pregnant as a teen?
A.Sofia, a Non-Latina White
B.Makiko, an Asian American
C.Olivia, a Latino
D.Tara, an African American
Answer:
In 1900, most people died:
A.in a hospital, cared for by medical staff.
B.in a nursing home.
C.at home, cared for by their family.
D.at a hospice.
Answer:
What is the main difference between the way younger people and older people respond
to stress?
A.Younger people have a slower restorative process after a stressful episode.
B.Younger people have better coping strategies for dealing with stress.
C.The process of aging increases the pituitary gland’s response to stress, making it work
harder.
D.Older people keep stress hormones in their system for longer periods.
Answer:
In the New England Centenarian Study, _____ percent of the individuals 100 years and
older were living independently at home.
A.20
B.15
C.40
D.50
Answer:
In a survey conducted by AARP (2004), _____ percent of the divorced women said
they initiated the divorce compared with only _____ percent of the divorced men.
A.66; 41
B.35; 55
C.27; 35
D.72; 38
Answer:
Short sleep duration in children is linked with being:
A. dyslexic.
B. myopic.
C. overweight.
D. paraplegic.
Answer:
The recent focus on _____ emphasizes that individuals can engage in a more cognitive,
flexible approach to stressful circumstances.
A.extraversion
B.extreme inhibition
C.negative affectivity
D.effortful control
Answer:
Which of the following statements about child care and socioeconomic status is TRUE?
A.High-quality child care is available only to those children whose parents are wealthy.
B.Children are more likely to experience poor quality child care if their parents have
few resources.
C.Children staying in day care for longer than 40 hours/week tend to experience
depression regardless of the quality of the care.
D.There is not enough research on child care and socioeconomic status to be able to
make any correlations.
Answer:
Students with _____ endorse such statements as “I know that I will be able to learn the
material in this class” and “I expect to be able to do well at this activity”.
A.high self-efficacy
B.high self-esteem
C.low self-efficacy
D.low self-esteem
Answer:
Nurturing is a key aspect of the _____, which emphasizes the education of the whole
child and concern for his or her physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development.
A. child-centered kindergarten
B. Montessori approach
C. developmentally appropriate practice
D. Reggio Emilia approach
Answer:
By age 51, most women enter menopause. This is an example of how a biological
process can exert a _____ influence on development.
A. normative history-graded
B. nonnormative multidirectional
C. normative age-graded
D. nonnormative age-graded
Answer:
Mental age (MA) is:
A.the age that an individual mentally identifies himself at.
B.the age at which an individual attains cognitive maturity.
C.an individual’s level of mental development relative to others.
D.an individual’s age at the time of peak cortical thickness.
Answer: