Debra is a very active child. She loves to tumble and show off. She is always trying
what her parents consider hair-raising stunts. She also loves running and believes she
can run faster than her parents. This type of activity level and confidence is most
characteristic of:
A. 1-year-olds.
B. 2-year-olds.
C. 3-year-olds.
D. 5-year-olds.
Answer:
Girls are more likely to engage in _____, in which they talk and act in a more reciprocal
manner.
A.collaborative discourse
B.rough-and-tumble play
C.ego display
D.dominating play
Answer:
In which of the following circumstances should the mother NOT breast feed her baby?
A. If she has AIDS
B. If she is suffering from postpartum depression
C. If the baby has low birth weight
D. If the baby is overweight
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about cultural contexts of adulthood?
A.In many cultures, especially nonindustrialized cultures, the concept of middle age is
not very clear, or in some cases is absent.
B.In nonindustrialized societies, individuals are always aptly identified and described as
middle-aged unlike in industrialized societies.
C.Every culture in the world has words for “adolescent” and “young adult.”
D.Unlike in Gusii culture, midlife crisis is an exception rather than a rule in the
American culture.
Answer:
Which of the following is the reason for the decrease in height with age advancement?
A.Brittleness of bones of the limbs
B.Increase in weight
C.A stooping posture
D.Bone loss in the vertebrae
Answer:
Which of the following situations might be true for students who live in poverty?
A.Their schools have older, more experienced teachers.
B.They get more scholarship and grant money for college than their wealthier peers.
C.They are more likely to have young, inexperienced teachers.
D.They are likely to have classes that encourage creativity and discovery learning.
Answer:
Which of the following is typical of the health condition during early and late middle
age?
A.Frequency of accidents increases
B.Susceptibility to colds and allergies decreases
C.Wakeful periods during sleep decrease
D.Incidence of chronic disorders decreases
Answer:
Interventions with children who have a learning disability often focus on improving:
A.math ability.
B.right and left brain functioning.
C.writing skills.
D.reading ability.
Answer:
Which of the following statements represents the current thinking among increasing
numbers of experts in the field of reading?
A.Direct instruction in the whole-language approach is a key aspect of learning to read.
B.Direct instruction in phonics is a key aspect of learning to read.
C.The whole-language approach and the phonics approach are equally effective in
teaching children to read.
D.The morphological approach has been shown to be the best way to teach reading.
Answer:
_____ is the global term for any neurological disorder in which the primary symptoms
involve a deterioration of mental functioning.
A.Paranoia
B.Dementia
C.Schizophrenia
D.Alzheimer disease
Answer:
4-year-old Ethan reasons that every time he sees a lightning bolt in the sky, angels are
turning on their flashlights. Ethan’s primitive reasoning about lightning is characteristic
of:
A. symbolic function.
B. intuitive thought.
C. egocentrism.
D. centration.
Answer:
Michael, aged four, loves playing with toy cars and airplanes, and his idea of play
involves wrestling and pushing his friends. Melanie, also aged four, loves playing with
her dolls and doll house, and her idea of play is to have a tea party with her dolls and
friends. Both are exhibiting:
A.inappropriate behavior.
B.sex-typed behavior.
C.rebellious behavior.
D.gender confusion.
Answer:
In industrialized countries, the number of individuals 100 years and older is increasing
at the rate of approximately _____ percent each year.
A.3
B.5
C.7
D.9
Answer:
_____ is responding to another person’s feelings with an emotion that echoes the other’s
feelings.
A.Guilt
B.Empathy
C.Correspondence
D.Modeling
Answer:
A form of communication that is based on a system of symbols is called _____.
A. syntax
B. grammar
C. language
D. phonology
Answer:
During pregnancy, which of the following organs or systems are the first to develop?
A. Visual system
B. Spinal cord
C. Urogenital system
D. Liver
Answer:
Children with high self-esteem typically:
A.become bullies as they grow up.
B.are prone to both prosocial and antisocial actions.
C.tend to be insecurely attached to their parents.
D.have greater initiative, which produces uniquely positive outcomes.
Answer:
Which of the following is TRUE of decision-making and aging?
A.Older adults perform well when decision making is constrained by time pressures.
B.Older adults are far more inconsistent with their choices as compared to younger
adults.
C.Older adults perform well when decisions involve high risks.
D.Older adults’ decision-making skills are more likely to be unaffected by age-related
decreases in memory.
Answer:
Which parenting style is undemanding and uncontrolling, but is also accepting and
responsive?
A.Authoritarian parenting
B.Indulgent parenting
C.Authoritative parenting
D.Neglectful parenting
Answer:
Which of the following statements about the trends in juvenile delinquency in the U.S.
is NOT true?
A.About half of the delinquency caseloads in 2005 involved females.
B.Delinquency rates among minority groups are higher than average.
C.Delinquency rates among lower-socioeconomic-status youth are especially high.
D.Males are more likely to engage in delinquency than are females.
Answer:
Which of the following is TRUE of giftedness?
A.Signs of high ability of an individual in a particular area do not manifest themselves
at a very young age.
B.Deliberate practice is not required of individuals who become experts in a particular
domain.
C.Individuals with world-class status in the arts, mathematics, science, and sports all
report strong family support.
D.Individuals who are highly gifted are typically gifted in many domains.
Answer:
If you subscribe to Paul Baltes’ perspective of life-span development, which of the
following statements would you NOT agree with?
A.Development is lifelong
B.Development is unidirectional
C.Development is plastic
D.Development is contextual
Answer:
When adults are working with young children, they often provide a lot of hints,
assistance, instructions, and other support to help the children succeed. As the children
indicate that they can do more for themselves, the adults begin to withdraw the support.
This shows the adults’ involvement in the children’s:
A. zone of proximal development.
B.development of conservational abilities.
C.enhancement of intuitive reasoning.
D.process of centration.
Answer:
In a recent review of research on children’s conceptions of death, it was concluded that
children probably do not view death as universal and irreversible until about _____
years of age.
A.4
B.7
C.9
D.6
Answer:
Jacob is a third-grader and has a disability that has caused him to be separated from his
peers during the school day. Recently Jacob has been moved to the regular third-grade
classroom. This is an instance of _____.
A.transforming
B.transitioning
C.incorporation
D.inclusion
Answer:
Which of the following is one of the main characteristics of people suffering from
anorexia nervosa?
A.Higher than average body weight
B.Higher than average height
C.A distorted image of the body shape
D.A constant need to consume food
Answer:
The new model of parent-adolescent relationships emphasizes that:
A.parents should take an authoritarian approach to controlling the lives of adolescents.
B.parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence.
C.in most families parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe.
D.even minor parent-adolescent conflicts are not normal and should be avoided as far
as possible.
Answer:
Sandrine is now able to use abstract thought as well as logic; Piaget would argue that
she is in the _____ stage of development.
A. preoperational
B. concrete operational
C. formal operational
D. conceptual operational
Answer:
Which of the following ethnic groups had the highest teen birth rate in 2009?
A.Non-Latina White
B.Asian American
C.Latino
D.African American
Answer:
Students with _____ for learning may avoid many learning tasks, especially those that
are challenging.
A.high self-efficacy
B.high self-awareness
C.low self-efficacy
D.low self-awareness
Answer:
Which living arrangement is the most common for elderly adults?
A.Living in a nursing home
B.Living in their own home alone
C.Living with a family member
D.Living in a hospital
Answer: