According to Baltes, _____ becomes relevant when life tasks require a level of capacity
beyond the current level of the older adult’s performance potential.
A.selection
B.organization
C.optimization
D.compensation
Answer:
Regular binge drinking can change blood flow, and it can be a precursor for developing
_____, which refers to hardening of the arteries.
A.gonorrhea.
B.syphilis.
C.atherosclerosis.
D.bulimia nervosa.
Answer:
Joan has three grandchildren whom she loves dearly but she sees infrequently.
Neugarten and Weinstein would classify Joan’s grandparent style as _____.
A.formal
B.informal
C.fun-seeking
D.distant
Answer:
In the dual-process model of coping with bereavement, coping with loss and engaging
in restoration can occur:
A.separately.
B.consecutively.
C.only several years after a death.
D.concurrently.
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about obesity rates in United States?
A.Researchers attribute the increase in obesity rates to lesser reliance on energy saving
devices.
B.The obesity rate has doubled in the United States since 1900.
C.Obesity rates among adults are the lowest in comparison to any other age
demography.
D.Obesity rates have remained constant since the economic depression in 1930.
Answer:
Which of the following statements is TRUE about work in midlife?
A.There are always huge differences in the work performance of young adults and
middle-aged adults.
B.Age related declines occur in some occupations such as air traffic controllers and
professional athletes.
C.There is usually little emphasis on work during middle adulthood regardless of the
work being full-time, part-time or volunteer work.
D.The peak of work performance is usually reached in early adulthood and hence the
percentage of people working during middle adulthood is the lowest.
Answer:
The research on fathers as caregivers indicates that fathers:
A. are less able to be nurturing caregivers than mothers.
B. are biologically more suited for a nurturing caregiver role than are mothers.
C. interact with their babies in different ways depending on whether they are the
primary caregiver.
D. interact with their babies in different ways than mothers do, regardless of which
parent is the primary caregiver.
Answer:
Each of the following explanations has been given to explain the longevity of persons
living in Okinawa EXCEPT:
A.eating a diet that is heavy on grains and vegetables.
B.retiring early from jobs.
C.a high inclination toward spirituality among the elderly.
D.a low-stress lifestyle.
Answer:
According to Lachman, researchers have found that in _____ of the cases in which
individuals have reported going through a midlife crisis, the “crisis is triggered by life
events such as a job loss, financial problems, or illness.”
A.one-fourth
B.half
C.two-thirds
D.one-third
Answer:
Which of the following is the third-leading cause of death in 10- to 19-year-olds today
in the United States?
A.Homicide
B.Suicide
C.Motor vehicle accidents
D.Infectious diseases
Answer:
_____ refers to global evaluations of the self.
A.Self-control
B.Self-concept
C.Self-esteem
D.Self-awareness
Answer:
When babies engage in physical activity or use language, some synaptic connections
will be strengthened, while the unused ones are replaced by other pathways or
disappear. A neuroscientist would identify this process as “_____”.
A. pruning
B. myelination
C. paring
D. lateralization
Answer:
It is only by age 7 that children begin to recognize all of the following EXCEPT:
A. there can be more than one correct opinions on an issue.
B. people’s behaviors do not necessarily reflect their thoughts and feelings.
C. people have different interpretations of the same event.
D. people can have ambivalent feelings.
Answer:
Which of the following is true of the American attitude toward death?
A.Americans are conditioned from early in life to live as mere mortals.
B.It is not uncommon for Americans to reach adulthood without having seen someone
die.
C.To live a full life and die with glory is the prevailing goal of the Americans.
D.Americans do not use any symbols associated with death.
Answer:
Which of the following is a neuropeptide hormone that is important in the formation of
the maternal-infant bond?
A. Vasopressin
B. Insulin
C. Adrenaline
D. Thyroxine
Answer:
Which of the following statements about the timing and variations in puberty is true?
A.Children in European countries mature up to a year earlier than their American
counterparts.
B.For girls, menarche is considered within the normal range if it appears between the
ages of 9 and 15.
C.Genes have little to do with when and how puberty develops.
D.Non-Latino White girls experience puberty earlier than African American girls.
Answer:
Which of the following is true of activity theory?
A.It suggests that by examining not only the positive aspects of one’s life, but also what
one has repented doing (or not doing), a more accurate vision of the complexity of one’s
life and possibly increased life satisfaction will be attained.
B.It states that older adults become more selective about their social networks and
because they place a high value on emotional satisfaction, older adults spend more time
with familiar individuals with whom they have had rewarding relationships.
C.It involves identifying and reflecting on not only the positive aspects of one’s life but
also on regrets as part of developing mature levels of wisdom and self-understanding.
D.It suggests that many individuals will achieve greater life satisfaction if they continue
their middle-adulthood roles into late adulthood and if these roles are stripped from
them, it is important for them to find substitute roles that keep them dynamic and
involved.
Answer:
Kohlberg emphasized perspective taking and _____ as critical aspects of the social
stimulation that challenges children to change their moral reasoning.
A.sibling interaction
B.peer interaction
C.parental influence
D.teacher influence
Answer:
According to George Vaillant’s longitudinal studies, _____ in middle age was more
strongly related than intimacy to whether individuals would have an enduring and
happy marriage at 75 to 80 years of age.
A.generativity
B.stagnation
C.autonomy
D.traditional gender role
Answer:
_____ refers to extended verbal expression in speech or writing.
A.Narrative
B.Embellishing
C.Discourse
D.Characterization
Answer:
Statistics reveal that the profile for most centenarians (people aged 100 and older) looks
unusual as compared with other older adults. What is the difference?
A.These centenarians never married.
B.These centenarians had a low rate of age-associated diseases.
C.These centenarians were married more than once.
D.These centenarians were millionaires.
Answer:
Which of the following has been found to be TRUE about binge drinking?
A.Binge drinking has declined among high school seniors since 1980.
B.Binge drinking has increased for students in the eighth grade in recent years.
C.Binge drinking has increased for students in the tenth grade in recent years.
D.Females engage in more binge drinking than males.
Answer:
Travis, who is 25 years old, knows that Beijing is the capital of China, but he cannot
remember when or where he learned this. This is an example of how:
A.semantic memory improves with age.
B.semantic memory is closely linked to an individual’s personal identity with the past.
C.semantic memory begins to decline in early adulthood.
D.semantic memory is independent of an individual’s personal identity with the past.
Answer:
According to current projections, what is the expected number of centenarians by the
year 2050?
A.19,000
B.77,000
C.212,000
D.600,000
Answer:
According to Paul Baltes and his colleagues, which of the following is an effective
optimization strategy?
A.To reach a particular goal, you may need to abandon other goals.
B.Persevere and keep trying until you reach your goal.
C.When things do not go as well as in the past, keep trying other ways until you can
achieve results that are similar to what you accomplished earlier in your life.
D.Think about what you want in life and commit yourself to one or two major goals.
Answer:
While watching a football game, Martin jumped up to cheer and dropped baby Theresa
to the floor. If she later has trouble with higher order thinking, planning, problem
solving, or voluntary movement it would indicate that her _____ lobe was damaged.
A. frontal
B. parietal
C. occipital
D. temporal
Answer:
_____ is the social and legal process by which a parent-child relationship is established
between persons unrelated at birth.
A. Kinship care
B. Rebirthing
C. Guardianship
D. Adoption
Answer:
According to Piaget, the _____ stage of cognitive development characterizes adults as
well as adolescents.
A.formal operational
B.concrete operational
C.sensorimotor
D.preoperational
Answer:
Robert Butler states that life review is set in motion by:
A.retrospective glances on life’s worth.
B.looking forward to death.
C.handing over the legacy to the next generation.
D.conflicting views of wisdom against integrity.
Answer:
_____ is the interaction of a specific measured variation in the DNA and a specific
measured aspect of the environment.
A.Heredity-environment correlation
B.Evocative genotype-environment correlation
C.Gene environment (G E) interaction
D.Passive genotype-environment interaction
Answer:
Caitlin, age 25, has a good job as a financial analyst but she has few friends and has had
no success in dating. She admits that being close to others is a problem for her.
According to Erikson’s psychosocial theory, Caitlin is at a risk of reaching the state of:
A. stagnation.
B. guilt.
C. isolation.
D. shame and doubt.
Answer:
Tom and Katie have recently split up, but for the benefit of their child they attempt to
provide one another support in jointly raising their child. This is an example of:
A.joint parenting.
B.cooperative parenting.
C.collaborative parenting.
D.coparenting.
Answer:
The _____ issue involves the degree to which early traits and characteristics persist
through life or alter.
A. growth-decline
B. stability-change
C. traits-characteristics
D. permanence-evanescence
Answer:
The second substage of preoperational thought, occurring between approximately 4 and
7 years of age, is characterized by the use of:
A. reversible mental actions.
B. egocentric views.
C. primitive reasoning.
D. symbolic thought.
Answer: