The reason why many ethnic minority workers never enjoy the Social Security and
Medicare benefits to which their earnings contribute is because:
A.most of them do not qualify for these benefits.
B.they die before reaching the age of eligibility for benefits.
C.their contributions to the benefits are negligible and thus might not get sufficient
benefits.
D.most of the ethnic minority workers are illegal immigrants.
Answer:
Six-year-old Shirley, a witness to a robbery, was asked to testify at the trial. The defense
argued that her testimony would be invalid because:
A. at her age, she has no long-term memories.
B. her memories are highly susceptible to suggestion.
C. she is more likely to embellish her memories.
D. children cannot recall details of events sequentially.
Answer:
Jean Piaget believed that children:
A. actively construct their own cognitive world.
B. passively react to their environments.
C. absorb their knowledge from the environment.
D. gain their view of the world from their parents.
Answer:
The process of organ development during the first two months of prenatal development
is known as _____.
A. organogenesis
B. spermatogenesis
C. urogenesis
D. oogenesis
Answer:
Sixteen-month-old Akel plays endlessly with a ball, rolling it, throwing it, using it to
knock over other toys, standing on it, and trying to ride on it. Which of Jean Piaget’s
substages of the sensorimotor stage is represented by Akel’s behavior?
A. Primary circular reactions
B. Secondary circular reactions
C. Coordination of secondary circular reactions
D. Tertiary circular reactions
Answer:
According to studies, which of the following is one of the most common sexual
problems of older men?
A.Premature ejaculation
B.Partner non-cooperation
C.Lack of foreplay
D.Lubrication difficulties
Answer:
The ability to discern another’s inner psychological state is known as:
A.correspondence.
B.congruence.
C.perspective taking.
D.nurturance.
Answer:
By two years of age, children have reached about _____ of their adult weight and about
_____ of their adult height.
A. one-half; one-fourth
B. one-fifth; one-half
C. one-third; two-third
D. one-fourth; one-fourth
Answer:
Albert Bandura states that _____ is a critical factor in whether or not students achieve.
A.self-efficacy
B.self-confidence
C.self-esteem
D.self-awareness
Answer:
Margie Lachman and her colleagues argue that having a _____ is one of the most
important modifiable factors in delaying the onset of diseases in middle adulthood and
reducing the frequency of diseases in late adulthood.
A.high body mass index
B.sense of control in middle age
C.low calorie diet in middle adulthood
D.low number of NK cells
Answer:
At some point during the early elementary school years, children begin to use _____
more and, according to the fuzzy trace theory, this contributes to the improved memory
and reasoning of older children.
A.verbatim traces
B.elaboration
C.verbal traces
D.gist
Answer:
_____ is the transitional period from normal menstrual periods to no menstrual periods
at all.
A.Postmenopause
B.Postmenarche
C.Perimenopause
D.Periadrenarche
Answer:
Studies on friendship reveal that sixth-grade students who did not have a friend:
A.engaged in less prosocial behavior.
B.were more likely to exhibit prosocial behavior.
C.achieved a higher level of academic success.
D.had authoritarian parents.
Answer:
Around the age of _____, children already show a preference to spend time with
same-sex playmates.
A.three
B.one
C.two
D.one-and-a-half
Answer:
_____ correlations occur because a child’s genetically influenced characteristics elicit
certain types of environments.
A.Passive genotype-environment
B.Evocative genotype-environment
C.Influential genotype-environment
D.Active (niche-picking) genotype-environment
Answer:
Cigarette smoking among U.S. adolescents:
A.peaked in 2005 and has gradually declined since then.
B.has been increasing every year.
C.peaked in 1996 and has gradually declined since then.
D.has not seen a decline.
Answer:
With regard to morality, Nasrin believes that the focus should be on abstract principals
rather than relationships and others. Therefore, she has a(n) _____ orientation.
A.prosocial
B.care
C.justice
D.unconventional
Answer:
Anorexia nervosa is a(n):
A.eating disorder that involves a binge-and-purge sequence on a regular basis.
B.anxiety disorder whose chief symptom is unrealistic fear of food.
C.drug-induced reaction that produces tremors and vomiting.
D.eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation.
Answer:
_____ learning is a form of education that promotes social responsibility and service to
the community.
A.Service
B.Social
C.Collaborative
D.Cooperative
Answer:
What causes the autism spectrum disorders?
A.Improper family socialization.
B.A brain dysfunction with abnormalities in brain structure and neurotransmitters.
C.Damage to the prefrontal cortex of the brain.
D.Childhood immunizations.
Answer:
Punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning, and shaking a child constitutes:
A.verbal abuse.
B.sexual abuse.
C.child neglect.
D.physical abuse.
Answer:
_____ parents interact with their children in a less rejecting manner, use more
scaffolding and praise, and are more nurturant than are emotion-dismissing parents.
A.Emotion-dismissing
B.Emotion-facilitator
C.Emotion-coaching
D.Emotion-encouraging
Answer:
Amniocentesis brings a small risk of:
A. mental retardation.
B. limb deformity.
C. miscarriage.
D. Down syndrome.
Answer:
Dr. Tepper-Harmon believes that life-span development cannot be studied without
considering biological, socioemotional, and cognitive dimensions. Dr. Tepper-Harmon
believes that development is:
A. lifelong.
B. contextual.
C. multidimensional.
D. plastic.
Answer:
Which of the following is a treatment for advanced Parkinson disease?
A.Cholinerase inhibitors
B.Electroconvulsive therapy
C.Dopamine agonists
D.Deep brain stimulation
Answer:
According to the socioemotional selectivity theory, selective narrowing of social
interaction _____ as individuals get older.
A.minimizes health-related complications.
B.minimizes emotional risks.
C.maximizes social isolation.
D.maximizes financial freedom.
Answer:
Which of the following is NOT a biological theory explaining aging?
A.Cellular clock theory
B.Free-radical theory
C.Mitochondrial theory
D.Reverse neurogenesis theory
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about Erikson’s stage of generativity versus
stagnation?
A.Universally, research refutes Erikson’s theory that generativity is an important
dimension of middle age.
B.Generative adults usually refrain from committing themselves to the continuation and
improvement of a society as a whole.
C.Generative adults develop a positive legacy of the self and then offer it as a gift to the
next generation.
D.Adults usually strive to achieve a kind of recognition through legacies.
Answer:
Which of the following is NOT a primary reason for the lowered brain volume of older
adults compared to that of younger adults?
A.Shrinkage of neurons
B.Reduced length of axons
C.Lower numbers of synapses
D.Lower number of neurons
Answer:
What is the foundation needed for gross motor skills to develop?
A. A developed muscular system
B. Cognitive skills
C. Postural control
D. Reflexive behavior
Answer:
Matt and Sandra are not letting go of their children even though the children have
become adults and are earning enough to live on their own. Matt and Sandra are
engaging in _____.
A.bulldozer parenting
B.helicopter parenting
C.boomerang parenting
D.permaparenting
Answer:
In the Strange Situation, Jermaine used his mother as a ‘safe base” as he actively
explored the playroom. Mary Ainsworth would most likely classify Jermaine as being:
A.securely attached.
B.trusting attached.
C.agape-love attached.
D.solidly attached.
Answer:
Identify the widely used assessment method of infant development that has five
scalescognitive, language, motor, socioemotional, and adaptive.
A. Apgar Scale
B. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale
C. Gesell test
D. Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Answer:
According to the socioemotional selectivity theory, the trajectory of motivation for
knowledge-related goals declines during:
A.middle and late adulthood.
B.adolescence and early adulthood.
C.early childhood.
D.infancy.
Answer: