Which of the following statements about retirement in America is true?
A.Approximately 20 million retired Americans return to work after they have retired.
B.When retired adults return to the labor force, it occurs on average four years after
retirement.
C.A majority of former retirees report that they were forced to go back to work to meet
financial needs.
D.Very few retirees who return to work report that they were happy to have done so.
Answer:
The “visual cliff” experiment was used to measure:
A. size constancy.
B. shape constancy.
C. visual acuity.
D. depth perception.
Answer:
According to APA’s guidelines, all participants must know what their research
participation will involve and what risks might develop. This guideline addresses which
of the following issues?
A.Deception
B.Debriefing
C.Informed consent
D.Confidentiality
Answer:
_____ is characterized by self-disclosure and the sharing of private thoughts.
A.Ego support
B.Intimacy in friendships
C.Physical support
D.Social comparison
Answer:
The _____ issue raises questions about whether the young should be required to pay for
the old.
A.ageist culture
B.generational equity
C.social justice
D.economic equity
Answer:
Currently, the average duration of marriage in the United States is just over _____
years.
A.5
B.9
C.15
D.23
Answer:
Individuals with metabolic syndrome who _____ reduced their risk of developing
cardiovascular disease.
A.maintained a high blood glucose level
B.were physically active
C.maintained a high LDL level
D.were physically inactive
Answer:
Amanda’s mother suffers from anorexia nervosa. Which of the following statements
about Amanda is TRUE?
A.Amanda is highly likely to have a more positive body-image.
B.Amanda is at risk of becoming anorexic herself.
C.Amanda is more likely to have healthy eating habits.
D.Amanda is not at risk for anorexia due to increased awareness.
Answer:
Which of the following is true regarding reactions of widowed individuals following
the death of a spouse?
A.Most tend to get back to normal life after a brief grieving period.
B.They were likely to increase their religious and spiritual beliefs.
C.They were keen to get back into marital relations as early as possible.
D.Most of them experienced prolonged grief periods and developed depressive
symptoms.
Answer:
George wants to ensure that his sons become competent decision makers. Which of the
following is a strategy you would suggest for improving their decision making?
A.Provide more opportunities for them to engage in role playing and peer group
problem solving.
B.Encourage the presence of peers in risk-taking situations.
C.Supply contexts where substances and other temptations are readily available, testing
their willingness to make risky decisions.
D.Keep them in a sequestered environment where they will not have to face
decision-making in real-world contexts.
Answer:
Why does night driving become especially difficult in late adulthood?
A.Due to diminishing sensitivity to contrasts and reduced tolerance for glare.
B.Due to the decline in color vision.
C.Due to increased tolerance for glare and increased sensitivity to contrasts.
D.Due to the expanding area of the visual field.
Answer:
_____ involves an extensive loss of bone tissue.
A.Arteriosclerosis
B.Diabetes
C.Arthritis
D.Osteoporosis
Answer:
Sidney is expecting her first child. She has recently begun to feel the fetus kicking.
Sidney’s current stage of pregnancy would fall under which of the following periods of
prenatal development?
A. Embryonic period
B. Fetal period
C. Germinal period
D. Implantation period
Answer:
Which of the following is the correct definition of intellectual disability?
A.It is a condition of limited mental ability in which the individual (1) has a
moderately-low IQ, usually above 50 on a traditional intelligence test; (2) has slight
trouble adjusting to the demands of everyday life; and (3) first displays these
characteristics by age 25.
B.It is a condition of limited mental ability in which the individual (1) has a low IQ,
usually above 70 on a traditional intelligence test; (2) has little or no trouble adjusting
to the demands of a competitive environment; and (3) first displays these characteristics
by age 5.
C.It is a condition of limited mental ability in which the individual (1) has a low IQ,
usually below 50 on a traditional intelligence test; (2) has a lot difficulty adapting to the
demands of a competitive environment; and (3) first exhibits these characteristics by
age 25.
D.It is a condition of limited mental ability in which the individual (1) has a low IQ,
usually below 70 on a traditional intelligence test; (2) has difficulty adapting to the
demands of everyday life; and (3) first exhibits these characteristics by age 18.
Answer:
According to cognitive aging expert Denise Park, the slowdown in learning new
information has been linked to changes in:
A.dopamine levels.
B.working memory.
C.cognitive atrophy.
D.neurotransmitter dysfunctions.
Answer:
Katrina becomes extremely upset when her brother tries to change the rules of their
game, and yells, “You can’t do that! You can’t change rules!” Katrina is exhibiting
which of the following types of moral reasoning?
A.Autonomous morality
B.Heteronomous morality
C.Peer-negotiated morality
D.Immanent justice morality
Answer:
In Erikson’s portrait of early childhood, the young child clearly has begun to develop
_____, which is the representation of self, the substance and content of
self-conceptions.
A.self-control
B.self-confidence
C.self-understanding
D.self-centeredness
Answer:
Gertrude, 9, has been placed in the 98th percentile in terms of her BMI. Her doctor
would likely tell her parents that she is:
A.of a healthy weight.
B.at risk for being overweight.
C.overweight.
D.obese.
Answer:
“I know I can handle the car at high speeds much better than others can”, says
18-year-old Jake. This reflects the tendency of adolescents to engage in:
A.personal fable.
B.collective myths.
C.imaginary audience.
D.perspective taking.
Answer:
The germinal period of development takes place in the _____ after conception.
A. first two weeks
B. first two months
C. first three months
D. first seven weeks
Answer:
Tale is in a Tools of the Mind classroom. His teacher guides him to plan his own
message by drawing a line to stand for each word he says. Tale then repeats the
message, pointing to each line as he says the word. Finally, he writes on the lines, trying
to represent each word with some letters or symbols. This process is called:
A. model drawing.
B. scaffolding writing.
C. word visualizing.
D. positive role-play.
Answer:
Which of the following is a compensation strategy suggested by Baltes and his
colleagues?
A.Focus on the most important goal at a particular time.
B.To reach a particular goal, you may need to abandon other goals.
C.Persevere and keep trying until you reach your goal.
D.If things do not go well for you, be willing to let others help you.
Answer:
_____ involves the retention of information over time.
A. Attention
B. Memory
C. Cognition
D. Organization
Answer:
According to a U.S. national survey, by age 20, _____ percent of U.S. youth have
engaged in sexual intercourse.
A.77
B.62
C.90
D.52
Answer:
Which of the following is most likely to cause difficulty for a middle-aged adult
without glasses?
A.Reading a newspaper
B.Watching TV
C.Reading an eye chart 20 feet away
D.Reading a road sign during the day
Answer:
According to the U.S. government’s Occupational Outlook Handbook, 20122013, which
of the following areas of work are expected to account for the most new jobs in the next
decade?
A.Agriculture
B.Manufacturing
C.Education
D.Primary industries
Answer:
The _____ prevents large molecules like red blood cells and harmful substances, such
as most bacteria and maternal wastes, from entering the fetus.
A. umbilical cord
B. placental wall
C. amniotic sheath
D. ectoderm
Answer:
_____ perception involves integrating information from two or more sensory
modalities.
A. Extramodal
B. Intermodal
C. Intramodal
D. Multimodal
Answer:
The _____ is involved in memory.
A.hippocampus
B.amygdala
C.prefrontal cortex
D.olfactory bulb
Answer:
Before the delivery of her baby, Karen experiences several traumatic life changes. She
separates from her husband, discovers that her mother is seriously ill, and begins a more
stressful job. Will Karen’s baby be significantly affected by all the stress in Karen’s life?
A. Yes, the baby will develop good coping skills.
B. No, fetuses are not significantly affected by the mother’s emotional stress.
C. No, any effects on the fetus will be temporary and will not produce lasting problems.
D. Yes, the baby will be at risk for ADHD and language delays.
Answer:
Which of the following changes in the brain has NOT been associated with Alzheimer
disease?
A.Shrinkage of the brain
B.Formation of amyloid plaques
C.A series of mini-strokes
D.Formation of neurofibrillary tangles
Answer:
What is the term for a ceremony or ritual that marks an individual’s transition from one
status to another?
Answer:
Define shared and nonshared environmental experience. Provide an example of each
and point out how that example exemplifies the concept?
Answer:
What is the term for the process of looking back at one’s life experiences, evaluating
them, interpreting them, and often reinterpreting them?
Answer:
Identify the term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for children to master alone
but that can be learned with the guidance and assistance of adults or more-skilled
children.
Answer:
Compare and contrast the cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches to research,
listing the advantages and disadvantages of both.
Answer:
Discuss the career challenges faced by middle-aged workers in the 21st century. How
can these challenges be addressed and reduced?
Answer:
Provide three examples where a doctor would advise a mother to NOT to breast feed
their infants.
Answer:
Describe the theory of selective optimization with compensation.
Answer:
Which identity status is characterized by both the lack of crisis and the lack of
commitment to a self-identity?
Answer:
Compare and contrast the three major social theories of gender. Which would you argue
is the dominant approach today?
Answer:
Answer:
What are the sexual patterns and desires of women when compared with men?
Answer:
Identify the researchers who found that one of the most important factors related to
health in a nursing home is the patient’s feelings of control and self-determination.
Answer:
What are the criticisms of the Montessori approach to early education?
Answer:
Identify the term that refers to a decrease in marital satisfaction after children leave
home, because parents derive considerable satisfaction from their children.
Answer:
What role does the top-dog phenomenon play when adolescents make the transition to
middle or to junior high school?
Answer:
What type of memory involves the ability to remember what one needs to do in the
future?
Answer:
Name the temperament dimension, according to Mary Rothbart and John Bates, which
includes positive anticipation, impulsivity, activity level, and sensation seeking.
Answer: