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According to Rochel Gelman, _____ is especially important in explaining conservation.
A. the age of a child
B. heredity
C. attention
D. intuition
Answer:
Fifteen-year-old Juanita wants to skip school today because she is having a bad hair day
and is convinced that everybody will notice and think badly of her. Which aspect of
adolescent egocentrism is Juanita experiencing?
A.Personal fable
B.Imaginary audience
C.Fight-or-flight response
D.Top-dog phenomenon
Answer:
Going by current trends, 86-year-old Matilda is likely to be living:
A. with a spouse.
B. with children.
C. by herself.
D. with grandchildren.
Answer:
Many individuals become wiser as they age, but their performance on tasks that require
speed in processing information starts to decline. This illustrates how throughout life,
some dimensions or components of a dimension expand and others shrink, or how
development is:
A.plastic.
B.contextual.
C.multidisciplinary.
D.multidirectional.
Answer:
Steuer, Applefield, and Smith conducted an experiment where preschool children were
randomly assigned to two groups. One group watched cartoons containing violence, and
the other group watched cartoons with the violence removed. During a free-play
session, the children who watched the cartoons containing violence showed more
aggression than children who watched the nonviolent cartoons. What conclusion was
drawn from this study?
A.Preschool children are naturally more aggressive than older children.
B.Violent TV cartoons caused increased aggression because this is only a correlational
study.
C.The cause of aggression cannot be determined since aggression is caused by so many
other factors.
D.Exposure to TV violence caused aggression in children in this investigation.
Answer:
Which of the following statements about cardiovascular disease is TRUE?
A.When HDL is high and LDL is low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lessened.
B.When HDL is high and LDL is low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is increased.
C.When HDL is low and LDL is high, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lessened.
D.When both HDL and LDL are low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lessened.
Answer:
According to Lachman, researchers have found that on average a sense of personal
control peaks in _____ and then declines.
A.early adulthood
B.midlife
C.adolescence
D.late adulthood
Answer:
Ten-year-old Jose finds that he needs to talk to his friend, Richard in order to know
whether Jose's feelings about his own brothers and sisters are normal. Which friendship
function does Richard provide in this case?
A.Companionship
B.Ego support
C.Social comparison
D.Intimacy/affection
Answer:
One of the challenges in the health care given to elderly patients is that elderly patients:
A.fail to communicate well with their physicians.
B.take a relatively passive role in their own treatment.
C.are overly concerned about their own health.
D.are suspicious of the treatment they receive.
Answer:
Which of the following is an example of a nonfatal chronic disorder?
A.Stroke
B.Bursitis
C.Cancer
D.ardiovascular disease
Answer:
According to Erikson, which of the following stages of development does an individual
experience in toddlerhood?
A.Autonomy vs. shame
B.Industry vs. inferiority
C.Basic trust vs. mistrust
D.Intimacy vs. isolation
Answer:
A study by Sharp and others revealed that _____ was related to superior cognitive
functioning and IQ across the life span.
A.agreeableness
B.openness
C.extraversion
D.neuroticism
Answer:
Which theorist proposed the 'storm-and-stress" view that adolescence is a turbulent time
charged with conflict and mood swings?
A.Anna Freud
B.Jean Piaget
C.G. Stanley Hall
D.Daniel Offer
Answer:
_____ emotions appear in the first 6 months of the human infant's development.
A. Primary
B. Tertiary
C. Other-conscious
D. Self-conscious
Answer:
Dan Olweus' bullying intervention program focuses on:
A.skill-training bully-victims in self-defense and assertion techniques.
B.decreasing opportunities and rewards for bullying.
C.moving victims of bullying to a different classroom where they feel safer.
D.ostracizing bullies and empowering bully-victims.
Answer:
Middle childhood is a period in which some control is transferred from parent to child.
This process is gradual and produces _____.
A.deregulation
B.socioregulation
C.coregulation
D.bioregulation
Answer:
Insecure avoidant babies show:
A.displeasure by violently reacting to the situation.
B.insecurity by avoiding the caregiver.
C.secure attachment to the caregiver.
D.insecurity by avoiding the stranger.
Answer:
Identify the prenatal care program that consists of approximately 50 home visits from
the prenatal period through two years of age.
A. The Nurse Family Partnership
B. Centering Pregnancy
C. Maxx Family Life
D. Prenatal Care Assistance Program
Answer:
The idea that no age period dominates development highlights the life-span perspective
that development is:
A. plastic.
B. contextual.
C. multidimensional.
D. lifelong.
Answer:
_____ love is also called eros.
A.Companionate
B.Affectionate
C.Romantic
D.Consummate
Answer:
Lawrence Kohlberg studied moral development by:
A.identifying the personality type related to high and low self-esteem in children.
B.presenting children with a series of stories in which characters face moral dilemmas.
C.observing children interact with each other, when they were in conflict.
D.interviewing families about how they have taught moral principles to their children.
Answer:
Identical human twins have similar weights, even when they are reared apart. This
indicates:
A.the important role nutrition plays in obesity.
B.how lifestyle is instrumental in determining an individual's weight.
C.the genetic component of a person's weight.
D.how a person's weight cannot be traced to genetic factors.
Answer:
Research linking corporal punishment and child behavior has been associated with all
of the following EXCEPT:
A.higher levels of immediate compliance.
B.lower levels of mental health.
C.higher levels of moral internalization.
D.higher levels of aggression.
Answer:
Most of young infants' conscious memories appear to be _____, although their implicit
memory of perceptual-motor actions can be _____.
A.substantial; rather fragile
B.well-developed; underdeveloped
C.rather fragile and short-lived; substantial
D.long-lasting; short-lived
Answer:
Carrie is a 19-year-old single mother. She often feels overwhelmed and depressed about
her situation and frequently neglects her 8-month-old son and his needs. On several
occasions, she has slapped his hand when he reaches for her cell phone. Carrie's baby is
most likely to develop a(n) _____ toward her.
A.insecure avoidant attachment
B.insecure disorganized attachment
C.insecure resistant attachment
D.secure attachment
Answer:
Two increasingly used interventions in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are
_____ and _____.
A. bottle feeding; music therapy
B. massage therapy; kangaroo care
C. breast feeding; antenatal steroids
D. bottle feeding; kangaroo care
Answer:
Four-year-old Becky has just hit her sister, again. According to most developmental
psychologists, Becky's mother should:
A.spank Becky; she is too young to understand reasoning.
B.explain to Becky that "hitting hurts"; she is old enough to understand the
consequences of her behavior for others.
C.send Becky to bed without dinner; she is too young to understand reasoning.
D.spank Becky; she is old enough to understand the consequences of her behavior, and
would expect to be punished accordingly.
Answer:
A gene called _____ is linked to increasing presence of plaques and tangles in the brain.
A.ApoB
B.ApoE
C.ApoC
D.ApoX
Answer:
Ross has been placed in the 85th percentile in terms of his BMI. His doctor would
likely tell his parents that he is:
A.obese.
B.overweight.
C.at risk for being overweight.
D.at a healthy weight.
Answer:
An example of _____ attention is making a decision about which stimuli to attend to
when making a left turn at an intersection.
A.executive
B.divided
C.sustained
D.selective
Answer:
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the third stage of the birth process?
A.The placenta, umbilical cord, and other membranes are detached and expelled.
B.It is the longest stage in the birth process.
C.It involves complete delivery of the child.
D.The third stage usually begins when the baby's head starts to move through the cervix
and the birth canal.
Answer:
A cross-sectional study by Ursula Staudinger found that for participants 85 to 105 years
old, _____ became the most important personal investment.
A.work
B.health
C.family
D.friends
Answer:
_____ can be used to avoid the destructive impact of shock by delaying the necessity of
dealing with one's death.
A.Acceptance
B.Denial
C.Anger
D.Depression
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about the various aspects of emerging
adulthood?
A.Increased freedom that is available to emerging adults in Western society places a
premium on the capacity to plan ahead, and make positive choices.
B.For many individuals identity exploration in love and work remain stable during this
period.
C.It usually characterizes development in all cultures.
D.Most people have little or no autonomy in running their own lives in this period.
Answer:
