When Monica was born, she showed the typical grasping reflex by closing her fingers
around anything that brushed against her palm. After a few weeks, she showed this
grasping behavior even when nothing touched her palm. Monica developed a _____ or
a scheme based on a reflex that became completely separated from its eliciting
stimulus.
A. habit
B. simple reflex
C. primitive symbol
D. circular reaction
Answer:
In 2010, _____ percent of older adults in the United States were living in poverty.
A.9
B.12
C.23
D.24
Answer:
Carol Dweck defines the cognitive view individuals develop for themselves as:
A.self-efficacy.
B.metacognition.
C.mindset.
D.mind map.
Answer:
Which of the following hormones is an estrogen?
A.Testosterone
B.Androstenedione
C.Insulin
D.Estradiol
Answer:
Jessica spends a lot of time thinking about the choices she has made in her life and the
events she has witnessed. She is adjusting to decreasing strength and health, and she has
made several lifestyle changes as a result. Jessica is most likely in the _____ period of
development.
A. adolescence
B. early adulthood
C. middle adulthood
D. late adulthood
Answer:
_____ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic
ways of responding.
A. Attachment
B. Temperament
C. Perception
D. Social referencing
Answer:
Children’s sharing comes to reflect a more complex sense of what is just and right
during:
A.middle and late infancy.
B.late infancy.
C.middle and late childhood.
D.early adolescence.
Answer:
Eriksonian researcher James Marcia reasons that Erikson’s theory of identity
development contains _____ of identity, or ways of resolving the identity crisis.
A.five stages
B.four statuses
C.five statuses
D.six stages
Answer:
Children with _____ sometimes appear to be well fed even though they are not because
the disease can cause the child’s abdomen and feet to swell with water.
A. marasmus
B. yellow fever
C. kwashiorkor
D. beriberi
Answer:
Palma and her husband Frankie are in their mid-forties. Which of the following
developmental periods are they currently in?
A. Central adulthood
B. The nesting years
C. Middle adulthood
D. Mate adulthood
Answer:
Which of the following statements about romantic love is true?
A.Males show lower anxiety about romantic love than females.
B.Females show higher avoidance of romantic love than males.
C.Males show higher anxiety about romantic love than females.
D.Males and females show the same level of avoidance and anxiety about romantic
love.
Answer:
Which of the following statement about the care of a dying older person in the U.S.
today is true?
A.The care of a dying older person has shifted to the family members.
B.The care of a dying older person has shifted away from the family.
C.The exposure to death and its painful surroundings has increased.
D.Most of the dying people are cared for by distant relatives.
Answer:
Broad categories that reflect general impressions and beliefs about males and females,
such as “boys play with trucks and girls play with dolls”, are known as gender:
A.identities.
B.constancies.
C.stereotypes.
D.roles.
Answer:
Dr. Berenstein holds the view that behavior is merely a surface characteristic and that a
true understanding of development requires analyzing the symbolic meanings of
behavior and the deep inner workings of the mind. Dr. Berenstein can be described as
a(n):
A.psychoanalytic theorist.
B.evolutionary theorist.
C.cognitive theorist.
D.behavioral theorist.
Answer:
Identify Erikson’s developmental stage that individuals experience in school age.
A.Generativity vs. stagnation
B.Industry vs. inferiority
C.Identity vs. confusion
D.Intimacy vs. isolation
Answer:
By the time they enter first grade, it is estimated that children know about _____ words.
A. 1,200
B. 8,000
C. 14,000
D. 5,000
Answer:
Becky is careless, impulsive, and disorganized. According to the Big Five personality
factors, Becky is most likely to score low on _____.
A.openness to experience
B.agreeableness
C.neuroticism
D.conscientiousness
Answer:
Marjorie chooses to deny, ignore, or change the negative emotions of her children. She
is an:
A.emotion-coaching parent.
B.emotion-criticizing parent.
C.emotion-dismissing parent.
D.emotion-blind parent.
Answer:
Compared with elderly men, elderly women are less likely to have:
A.arthritis.
B.hypertension.
C.visual problems.
D.hearing problems.
Answer:
A recent analysis by Finkelstein & others predicted that _____ percent of U.S. adults
will be obese in 2030.
A.10
B.42
C.33
D.50
Answer:
Results from the “Sex in America” survey suggest that adult sexual behavior is ruled by
_____ and _____ for most Americans.
A.abstinence; marriage
B.kinkiness; infidelity
C.marriage; monogamy
D.noncohabitation; polygamy
Answer:
Which of the following approaches holds that the processes of reinforcement,
punishment, and imitation explain the development of moral behavior?
A.Freud’s psychoanalytic approach.
B.The evolutionary psychology approach.
C.The behavioral and social cognitive approach.
D.The biological approach.
Answer:
Karen is often praised for her gender typical behavior. Her parents make statements like
“Karen, you are such a good girl when you play with your doll!” Gender researchers
would use this as support for which theory of gender development?
A.The psychoanalytic theory
B.The social cognitive theory
C.The evolutionary psychology view
D.The social role theory
Answer:
It is observed that respect for older adults is greater in _____ cultures than in _____
cultures.
A.socialistic; capitalistic
B.spiritualistic; competitive
C.collectivistic; individualistic
D.religious; materialistic
Answer:
Which of the following is a significant observation by Neugarten regarding social
clocks?
A.Social clocks are more rigid than they were before.
B.Individuals whose lives are synchronized with the social clocks are less stressed.
C.Younger adults below 25 years are excluded from the social clock age bracket.
D.Social clocks are more important for males than for females.
Answer:
_____ is the illicit drug most widely used in the United States, and its use by
adolescents increased from 2008 to 2013.
A.Heroin
B.Cocaine
C.Marijuana
D.MDMA
Answer:
According to Viktor Frankl, the three most distinct human qualities are freedom,
responsibility, and _____.
A.authority
B.spirituality
C.fraternity
D.industry
Answer:
_____ act on the nervous system to alter states of consciousness, modify perceptions,
and change moods.
A. Antiemetics
B. Biofeedback therapies
C. Antihypertensives
D. Psychoactive drugs
Answer:
A parent who uses a restrictive, punitive style to control the behavior of their children is
a(n):
A.authoritarian parent.
B.authoritative parent.
C.indulgent parent.
D.neglectful parent.
Answer:
In moving from Piaget to Vygotsky, the conceptual shift is one from:
A. the individual to collaboration.
B. collaboration to sociocultural activity.
C. construction to discovery.
D. socializing to operational thought.
Answer:
What is the difference between cliques and crowds?
A.Cliques are more personal than crowds.
B.Cliques contain more members than crowds.
C.The formation of crowds is based on friendship, while cliques are based on
reputation.
D.The members of crowds spend a lot of time together, while the members of cliques
do not.
Answer:
Klinefelter syndrome affects:
A. only males.
B. only females.
C. both males and females equally.
D. more females than males.
Answer:
Research suggests that infants appear to understand the physical law of gravity:
A. at birth.
B. at around 6 to 8 months of age.
C. at around 1 to 2 months of age.
D. at the start of toddlerhood.
Answer:
Gerard and his sister were never close growing up. Now that they are adults, it is most
likely that their relationship is _____.
A.neutral
B.close
C.distant
D.improving
Answer:
Identify the memory without conscious recollection. This includes memories of skills
and routine procedures (such as crawling) that are performed automatically.
Answer:
Identify the part of the neuron that carries signals away from the cell body.
Answer:
What are some of the differences between emotion-coaching and emotion-dismissing
parents?
Answer:
Identify the theorist who studied creative people, and coined the term “flow” to describe
a heightened state of pleasure experienced when we are engaged in mental and physical
challenges that absorb us.
Answer:
Identify the term given to age-related loss of muscle mass and strength.
Answer:
Describe the Strange Situation. What is an important criticism of this method?
Answer:
Which disease of the eye is characterized by damage to the optic nerve because of the
pressure created by a buildup of fluid in the eye?
Answer:
Violet is undergoing a prenatal test where the Doctor takes a small sample of the
placenta and then analyzes it to detect genetic defects and chromosomal abnormalities.
Name the procedure she is undergoing.
Answer:
Why are young children’s self-descriptions typically unrealistically positive?
Answer:
Identify the disorder that involves long-term, repeated, uncontrolled, compulsive, and
excessive use of alcoholic beverages that impairs the drinker’s health and social
relationships.
Answer:
List a few reasons why remarried adults often find it difficult to stay remarried.
Answer:
What are the three ways that heredity and environment are correlated as described by
behavior geneticist Sandra Scarr.
Answer:
Identify the theorist who suggested that adolescent egocentrism is characterized by “the
imaginary audience” and the “personal fable.”
Answer:
Which theory states that children’s gender development occurs through observing and
imitating what other people say and do, and through being rewarded and punished for
gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate behavior?
Answer:
What is the term for the process of generation of new neurons?
Answer:
Identify the factors that can influence the accuracy of a young child’s memory.
Answer: