The view of development that sees motor skills developing as a solution to an infant’s
problems is known as the _____ systems theory.
A. dynamic
B. maturational
C. static
D. environmental
Answer:
The frontal lobes are _____ in the newborn.
A. well-developed
B. immature
C. overactive
D. absent
Answer:
Several operations, such as inhibition and planning, that are important for flexible,
future-oriented behavior and may also be connected to theory of mind development are
known as:
A. operational thought.
B. instrumental activities.
C. executive function.
D. intuitive reasoning.
Answer:
Studies on the Big Five factors of personality found that transition into late adulthood
was characterized by increases in the aspects of impulse control, reliability, and
conventionality. To which Big Five personality factor do these aspects belong?
A.Openness to experience
B.Neuroticism
C.Agreeableness
D.Conscientiousness
Answer:
According to Mary Ainsworth, a(n) _____ infant avoids the mother or is ambivalent
toward her, fears strangers, and is upset by minor, everyday separations.
A.extraverted
B.insecurely attached
C.easily adaptable
D.slow-to-warm-up
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about obesity?
A.Americans are usually more obese than Europeans.
B.Sociocultural factors involved in obesity are several times more prevalent among
women with high incomes than those with low incomes.
C.The obesity rate in American has halved since 1900.
D.Japan and Korea have the highest percentages of obese adults in comparison with
United States and Mexico.
Answer:
All of the following are myths about gay and lesbian couples EXCEPT:
A.they have a large number of sexual partners.
B.they do not have long-term relationships.
C.one partner assumes a masculine role, and one partner assumes a feminine role.
D.they prefer long-term, committed relationships.
Answer:
For cognitive change to occur, identify the two processes that must work in concert as
the child experiences considerable movement between the states of cognitive
equilibrium and disequilibrium.
A. Equilibration and categorization
B. Amalgamation and organization
C. Assimilation and accommodation
D. Classification and modification
Answer:
For years, debate has focused on whether breast-feeding is better for the infant than
bottle-feeding. The growing consensus is that:
A.breast-feeding is better for the baby’s health.
B.bottle-feeding is better for the baby’s health.
C. breast-feeding is better for bonding between mother and infant, whereas
bottle-feeding is better for the baby’s health.
D.there are no differences in health outcomes for babies who are breast fed and babies
who are bottle fed.
Answer:
In the University of Michigan Monitoring the Future Study, _____ percent of high
school seniors said they had been in a vehicle with a drugged or drinking driver in the
past two weeks.
A.30
B.70
C.20
D.40
Answer:
In 2012, an estimated _____ adults in the United States had Alzheimer disease.
A.1 million
B.2.6 million
C.5.2 million
D.8.8 million
Answer:
Dr. Wilman is researching the place women occupy in families in Japan and the U.S.
Dr. Wilman is conducting a(n) _____ study.
A. longitudinal
B. ethnocentric
C. cross-cultural
D. decentralized
Answer:
The _____, where fibers connect the brain’s left and right hemispheres, thickens in
adolescence, and this improves adolescents’ ability to process information.
A.amygdala
B.corpus callosum
C.parietal lobe
D.temporal lobe
Answer:
The _____ are the age subgroup of older adults most likely to be living in poverty.
A.young-old
B.middle-old
C.old
D.oldest-old
Answer:
Adult development experts are virtually unanimous in their belief that midlife crises:
A.have been validated.
B.have been exaggerated.
C.have no cross-cultural validity.
D.have been underestimated.
Answer:
_____ attention is focused and extended engagement with an object, task, event, or
other aspect of the environment.
A. Salient
B. Relevant
C. Executive
D. Sustained
Answer:
In Lorenz’s view, imprinting needs to take place at a certain, very early time in the life
of the animal, or else it will not take place. This period of time is called the:
A.receptive period.
B.sensitive period.
C.critical period.
D.bonding period.
Answer:
Cognitive neuroscience has uncovered some important links between aging, the brain,
and cognitive functioning. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A.Decline in neural circuits is linked to poorer performance by older adults on complex
reasoning tasks.
B.Older adults are more likely than younger adults to use both hemispheres of the brain.
C.Older adults show greater activity in the frontal and parietal regions while engaging
in simple tasks.
D.In older adults, the functioning of the hippocampus declines more than the
functioning of the frontal lobes.
Answer:
What percentage of elderly African American women lived in poverty in 2010?
A.65 percent
B.40 percent
C.50 percent
D.31 percent
Answer:
A recent study of 8- to 12-year-old girls found that a higher level of media multitasking
was linked to:
A.early identity achievement.
B.secure attachment to parents.
C.feeling more normal.
D.negative social well-being.
Answer:
Which of the following statements about the characteristics of a clique is NOT true?
A.They can form because adolescents engage in similar activities.
B.The average number of people in a clique is 8 to 10.
C.Clique members are usually of the same sex.
D.Clique members are usually about the same age.
Answer:
In which of the following scenarios is the need for compensation for older adults the
most obvious?
A.Reminiscing on life’s regrets
B.Watching soaps on TV
C.Being bedridden due to illness
D.Narrating bedtime stories to grandchildren
Answer:
The portion farthest from the spinal cord is known as the _____.
A. hindbrain
B. forebrain
C. midbrain
D. topbrain
Answer:
With reference to cross-cultural comparisons, which of the following statements about
adolescent pregnancies in the U.S. is true?
A.In 2012, births to adolescent girls fell to a record low.
B.The U.S. adolescent pregnancy rate is much lower than in the Netherlands.
C.Adolescents in the U.S. are more sexually active than adolescents in the Netherlands.
D.The U.S. adolescent birth rate increased significantly from 2007 to 2009.
Answer:
Joey has shot up in height over the past year, has developed a deeper voice, and is
starting to grow facial hair. He is preoccupied with the pursuit of independence and
identity and is spending more time with friends and less with family. Which of the
following periods of development is Joey in?
A. Middle childhood
B. Adolescence
C. Early adulthood
D. Late childhood
Answer:
According to Erikson, which of the following stages of development does an individual
experience in infancy?
A.Autonomy vs. shame
B.Industry vs. inferiority
C.Basic trust vs. mistrust
D.Intimacy vs. isolation
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true?
A.Boys go through growth spurts earlier than girls do.
B.Both boys and girls who are shorter than their peers before puberty will actually
surpass their peers during adolescence.
C.By the end of adolescence, most girls will be taller than boys.
D.Marked weight gains coincide with the onset of puberty for both boys and girls.
Answer:
Which of the following observations about poverty and old age is NOT true?
A.Poverty in late adulthood is linked to an increase in physical and mental health
problems.
B.Poverty is linked to lower levels of physical and cognitive fitness in older adults.
C.Low SES has no impact on the risk of earlier death in older adults.
D.In 2010, U.S. women 65 years and older were much more likely to live in poverty
than their male counterparts.
Answer:
Religious adolescents are more likely than nonreligious adolescents to:
A.be depressed.
B.drink alcohol.
C.engage in community service.
D.engage in problem behaviors.
Answer:
Which of the following observations about the connection between weight and
mortality is true?
A.Men who were underweight lived longer.
B.Women who were 20 pounds overweight did not present increased risk of mortality.
C.Women who were 20 or more pounds underweight lived longer.
D.Men who were 20 pounds overweight did not present an increased risk of mortality.
Answer:
Almost half of all deaths from 15 to 24 years of age are due to:
A.a chronic disease.
B.suicide.
C.homicide.
D.unintentional injuries.
Answer:
Which of the following is TRUE of friendship?
A.Like adult friendships, children’s friendships are characterized by dissimilarity.
B.Throughout childhood, friends are more similar than dissimilar in terms of age, sex,
race, and many other factors.
C.Friends often have dissimilar attitudes toward school and educational aspirations.
D.It is often developmentally beneficial to have coercive and conflict-ridden
friendships.
Answer:
Phenylketonuria (PKU) occurs in approximately _____ live births.
A. 1 of every 100 to 200
B. 1 of every 1,000 to 2,000
C. 1 of every 10,000 to 20,000
D. 1 of every 100,000 to 150,000
Answer: