In the Berkeley Longitudinal Studies, which of the following characteristics was
generally stable across time for an adult?
A.Nurturance
B.Hostility
C.Self-control
D.Self-confidence
Answer:
The _____ lobes in the cerebral cortex function in vision.
A. frontal
B. parietal
C. occipital
D. temporal
Answer:
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs):
A.are rarely passed through oral sex.
B.can be prevented through the use of contraceptive pills or implants.
C.rarely occur in U.S. adolescents.
D.are contracted primarily through sexual contact.
Answer:
The _____ approach to the study of development emphasizes extensive change from
birth to adolescence, especially during infancy, little or no change in adulthood, and
decline in old age.
A. prescriptive
B. constructivist
C. traditional
D. evolutionary
Answer:
Alberta is a school teacher who introduces children to reading by teaching them a
rhyme that goes “A for apple, A says ah, B for ball, B says buh,” and so on. This
exemplifies the _____ approach to reading instruction.
A.whole-language
B.phonics
C.information-processing
D.analytic
Answer:
Which of the following is the positive resolution of the psychological conflict of
identity vs. confusion?
A.Fidelity
B.Wisdom
C.Care
D.Love
Answer:
Though controversial, studies indicate that self-esteem:
A.is particularly high in adolescence.
B.remains constant in adolescence.
C.increases in adolescent boys.
D.declines in adolescent girls.
Answer:
“Teratogen” comes from the Greek word “tera”, which means “_____”.
A.deformed
B.monster
C.earth
D.evil
Answer:
Which of the following has been found to be associated with prolonged, intense
parent-adolescent conflict?
A.Movement out of the home
B.High level of academic excellence
C.High intelligence quotient
D.Regular attendance at religious services
Answer:
_____ is a gene-linked abnormality in which the central nervous system deteriorates,
producing problems in muscle coordination and mental deterioration.
A. Cystic fibrosis
B. Phenylketonuria
C. Huntington’s disease
D. Tay-Sachs disease
Answer:
Researchers have found that _____ reduces the oxidative damage created by free
radicals.
A.hormone replacement therapy
B.moderate intake of red wine
C.a diet restricted in calories
D.a macrobiotic diet
Answer:
Which of the following is a strategy for improving children’s memory skills?
A.Avoid repetition of the same instructional information.
B.Embed memory-relevant language when instructing children.
C.Motivate children to remember material by memorizing it.
D.Discourage children from engaging in mental imagery.
Answer:
Which of the following is the identity status where a crisis is absent but a commitment
is present?
A.Identity achievement
B.Identity foreclosure
C.Identity moratorium
D.Identity diffusion
Answer:
A recent survey of more than 3,000 adults revealed that premarital education was linked
to all of the following EXCEPT:
A.lower level of marital satisfaction.
B.higher level of commitment to a spouse.
C.lower level of destructive marital conflict.
D.lower likelihood of divorce.
Answer:
Which of the following is the identity status where a crisis is present but commitment is
absent?
A.Identity diffusion
B.Identity foreclosure
C.Identity moratorium
D.Identity achievement
Answer:
Euthanasia is otherwise known as _____.
A.easy death
B.death wish
C.involuntary death
D.painless death
Answer:
_____ refers to a form of mental retardation involving an abnormally small brain.
A. Spina bifida
B. Klinefelter syndrome
C. Hemophilia
D. Microencephaly
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about working while in college?
A.Working more hours results in a decline in grades.
B.Working while in college has largely positive effects.
C.Working while in college is to be discouraged as it does not contribute to education in
any way.
D.College students who work more hours have better grades then those who do not
work.
Answer:
Compared to young children, which of the following is likely to be a differentiating
aspect of adolescents’ view of death?
A.They tend to get angry at death.
B.They develop more abstract conceptions of death.
C.They need more reassurance that they will be loved even after a caregiver dies.
D.They generally do not get upset at the sight of dead.
Answer:
Sergio’s mental age is 8, but his chronological age is 9, we would say that Sergio’s IQ
is:
A.average.
B.below average.
C.above average.
D.cannot be determined from the information provided.
Answer:
Marly describes her friend Gina as having blonde hair, green eyes, and fair skin with
freckles. Marly has described Gina’s _____.
A.genotype
B.genetic imprint
C.phenotype
D.X-linked inheritance
Answer:
In the United States, the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood is:
A.holding a permanent, full-time job.
B.moving into one’s own home.
C.getting married.
D.having a child.
Answer:
The status of identity _____ occurs most often when parents hand down commitments
to their adolescents, usually in an authoritarian way, before adolescents have had a
chance to explore different approaches, ideologies, and vocations on their own.
A.achievement
B.moratorium
C.foreclosure
D.diffusion
Answer:
Which of the following statements about language skills of older adults is NOT true?
A.The vocabulary of individuals often continues to increase throughout most of the
adult years.
B.Older adults seldom report difficulty in retrieving words to use in conversation.
C.Understanding spoken language in certain contexts is a common complaint for older
adults.
D.In less than ideal listening conditions, older adults can have difficulty in
understanding speech.
Answer:
During delivery, which of the following diseases is transmitted to a newborn through
the birth canal?
A. Diabetes
B. West Nile Virus
C. Rubella
D. Genital herpes
Answer:
Telomeres and telomerase are increasingly thought to be key components of the _____
process, providing a possible avenue to restrain cancer and delay aging.
A.hormone production
B.antibody proliferation
C.free radical regeneration
D.stem cell regeneration
Answer:
George Vaillant concludes that _____ is a time for detecting parental flaws and
discovering the truth about childhood.
A.adolescence
B.late adulthood
C.middle adulthood
D.old age
Answer:
In terms of self-understanding, children in late childhood are more likely than children
in early childhood to:
A.compare themselves with others.
B.refrain from social comparison.
C.use physical characteristics to describe themselves.
D.use outer states to describe themselves.
Answer:
From about 6 to 12 months of age, the maturation of the _____ and the surrounding
cerebral cortex, especially the frontal lobes, makes explicit memory possible.
A. amygdala
B. hippocampus
C. hypothalamus
D. cerebellum
Answer:
Cigarette smoking contributes to _____, a condition in which individuals may have
relatively normal peripheral vision but may be unable to see clearly what is right in
front of them.
A.glaucoma
B.cataracts
C.macular degeneration
D.retinal hardening
Answer:
_____ is also called self-worth or self-image.
A.Self-control
B.Self-esteem
C.Self-efficacy
D.Self-concept
Answer:
According to Pollack, what is the result of the traditional ways of raising boys?
A.A “chauvinistic determinism”
B.A “gender-disparate society”
C.A “national crisis of boyhood”
D.A “gender-based cultural nationalism”
Answer:
According to Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory, what is the eighth and final stage of
development?
Answer:
Who was the theorist who emphasized that components comprising the death system in
any culture are people, places or contexts, times, objects, and symbols?
Answer:
Explain Eric Erikson’s stage of initiative versus guilt. Provide an example of initiative
and an example of guilt as it is used by Erikson.
Answer:
Identify the theorists who are renowned for using the “visual cliff” to study the vision of
infants.
Answer:
What term is used to describe the self-portrait composed of many pieces?
Answer:
What term is used to describe an adolescent group structure, usually formed based on
reputation, where members may or may not spend time together?
Answer:
Name three different types of drugs that are used during labor. Illustrate your answer
with examples.
Answer:
Jean Piaget observes that at 1 year and 2 months, his daughter Jacqueline holds in her
hands an object which is new to her: a round, flat box which she turns all over, shakes,
[and] rubs against the bassinet. She lets it go and tries to pick it up. But she only
succeeds in touching it with her index finger, without grasping it. She nevertheless
makes an attempt and presses on the edge. The box then tilts up and falls again.
Jacqueline shows an interest in this result and studies the fallen box. Which of Piaget’s
six substages of sensorimotor development does this behavior reflect?
Answer:
Identify the term that refers to the transitional period from normal menstrual periods to
no menstrual periods at all, which often takes up to 10 years.
Answer:
Which theorist proposed the four classifications of parenting involving combinations of
acceptance and responsiveness on one hand and demand and control on the other?
Answer:
Baby Tobias turns his head when his mother strokes his cheek. This reflex is called the
_____.
Answer:
What is the argument presented by the evolutionary theory of aging?
Answer:
Who was the theorist to first propose a five-stage model of dying which begins with
denial and ends with acceptance of death?
Answer:
Identify a common nutritional problem in early childhood that results from the failure to
eat adequate amounts of quality meats and dark green vegetables and causes chronic
fatigue.
Answer:
Ursula has just had a baby and is considering bottle feeding her as she plans to return to
work very soon. However, she is worried that she will be unable to form a strong
attachment with her baby if she does not breast feed her. Based on recent research, what
would you, as her doctor, tell her?
Answer: