Competent early childhood programs should focus:
A. on cognitive development and socioemotional development.
B. exclusively on cognitive development.
C. on preoperational skills.
D. on academics alone.
Answer:
In such fields as lyric poetry, abstract math, and theoretical physics, the peak of
creativity is often reached during _____.
A.late fifties
B.twenties or thirties
C.early adolescence
D.old age
Answer:
A child is presented with two identical balls of clay. The experimenter rolls one ball into
a long, thin shape; the other remains in its original ball form. The child is then asked if
there is more clay in the ball or in the long, thin piece of clay. If the child answers the
problem correctly, but cannot use abstract reasoning yet, the child most likely is in
which stage of Piaget’s cognitive development theory?
A.Sensorimotor stage
B.Preoperational stage
C.Formal operational stage
D.Concrete operational stage
Answer:
According to Erikson, the _____ stage of development involves reflecting on the past
and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one’s life has not been
well spent.
A.integrity vs. despair
B.autonomy vs. shame
C.industry vs. inferiority
D.generativity vs. stagnation
Answer:
When Abraham describes to his friend what he did in his last summer vacation, he
relies on his _____ memory.
A. implicit
B. explicit
C. procedural
D. semantic
Answer:
Of the following infants, who is most at risk for SIDS?
A. Mimi; her mother smokes
B. Grace; she was born weighing more than most babies
C. Megumi; she uses a pacifier when she goes to sleep
D. Sylvia; she sleeps in firm bedding
Answer:
Which is the process by which information gets into memory?
A. Encoding
B. Encrypting
C. Enlisting
D. Enumerating
Answer:
Based on the analysis that focused on individuals who showed maladaptive patterns in
emerging adulthood, but had become more organized by the time they were in the late
twenties and early thirties; identify the characteristic shared by these “late-bloomers”.
A.Increased religiosity
B.Support from their children
C.Showing a willingness to relinquish autonomy
D.Being planful
Answer:
Which of the following statements about sibling relationships is true?
A.Siblings who were psychologically distant from each other in childhood tended to
become close in adulthood.
B.The majority of sibling relationships in adulthood are apathetic.
C.Sibling relationships rarely persist over the entire life span for most adults.
D.It is rare for sibling closeness to develop for the first time in adulthood.
Answer:
Explicit memory is also called _____ memory.
A.collective
B.procedural
C.declarative
D.false
Answer:
Stella has involved, responsive parents who support her in her choices as long as she
adheres to certain basic rules that they have set for her, like keeping up her grades and
coming home in time for dinner with her family on weeknights. Thus, Stella’s
relationship with her parents is characterized by a high level of trust, acceptance, and
quality. Research indicates that Stella would:
A.be unwilling voluntarily disclose less about her activities to her parents.
B.be concerned about parental disapproval and thus more likely to lie to her parents.
C.be likely to share information about her whereabouts, friends, and activities.
D.be likely to experience problems in adolescent adjustment.
Answer:
Researchers have found that relationships between aging parents and their children are
characterized by _____.
A.anger
B.ambivalence
C.apathy
D.abuse
Answer:
A _____ is a ceremony or ritual that marks an individual’s transition from one status to
another, and mostly focuses on the transition to adult status.
A.rite of passage
B.litmus test
C.march of time
D.communion
Answer:
Piaget divided the sensorimotor stage of development into _____ substages.
A. two
B. three
C. five
D. six
Answer:
Uma has just given birth. Assuming that the baby is perfectly average, and was born in
the U.S., he is most likely to weigh _____ pounds, and would be approximately _____
inches long.
A.7½ pounds; 20 inches
B.6½ pounds; 18 inches
C.5½ pounds; 15 inches
D.8½ pounds; 22 inches
Answer:
Parents’ personalities or intellectual orientation, the family’s socioeconomic status, and
the neighborhood in which they live are all instances of the _____ of siblings.
A.nonshared environmental experiences
B.shared genetic traits
C.shared environmental experiences
D.nonshared genetic traits
Answer:
Identify the possible double jeopardy for elderly ethnic minority individuals.
A.Sexism and chauvinism
B.Nepotism and egotism
C.Adultism and adultcentrism
D.Racism and ageism
Answer:
Turning off a respirator or a heart-lung machine is an example of _____ euthanasia.
A.active
B.deliberate
C.passive
D.sustained
Answer:
Delilah lost her husband Hendricks in a highway accident. Being just three years into
marriage, she was devastated. Four months later, she was hassled by problems such as
intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, nightmares, sleep disturbance, and problems in
concentrating. Delilah is probably experiencing _____.
A.post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms
B.restoration-oriented stress
C.post-traumatic embitterment disorder
D.separation anxiety
Answer:
Which of the following statements about social support for older adults is NOT true?
A.Social support for older adults may vary across cultures.
B.Friends play a vital role in social support.
C.Married people need less formal social support than single people.
D.Social support has not been shown to affect depression in older adults.
Answer:
During elementary school years, head circumference and waist circumference:
A.increase in relation to body height.
B.decrease in relation to body weight.
C.increase in relation to body weight.
D.decrease in relation to body height.
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about sexual activity in emerging adulthood?
A.Surveys usually indicate that slightly less than 10 percent of individuals have
experienced sexual intercourse at the beginning of emerging adulthood (age 18).
B.According to Lefkowitz & Gillen, emerging adulthood is a time frame during which
most individuals are unmarried but are hardly sexually active.
C.Most individuals have had sexual intercourse by the end of emerging adulthood (age
25).
D.Casual sex is more common in the late twenties than in emerging adulthood.
Answer:
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the remarriage rates per 1,000 divorced in 2011
was _____.
A.60
B.41
C.29
D.88
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about diversity in the workplace?
A.In the United States, more than one-fourth of today’s lawyers, physicians, computer
scientists, and chemists are women.
B.Women and ethnic minorities are usually able to break through the glass ceiling that
aids them to reach to higher rungs on the corporate ladder.
C.France has the highest percentage of ethnic diversity in its workplace.
D.In the United States, between 1980 and 2004 the percentage of Latinos and Asian
Americans halved in the workplace.
Answer:
In which part of the color spectrum is the loss of color vision most likely to occur?
A.Red-orange-yellow
B.Green-blue-violet
C.Yellow-violet-indigo
D.Green-yellow-orange
Answer:
All of the following are key features identified by Jeffrey Arnett to characterize
emerging adulthood, EXCEPT:
A.stability.
B.identity exploration.
C.being self-focused.
D.feeling “in-between”.
Answer:
A cross-sectional study by Ursula Staudinger found that for adults from 55 to 65 years
of age, _____ became most important in terms of personal investment.
A.work
B.independence
C.family
D.friends
Answer:
Which of the following correlations is the strongest?
A.-.65
B.+.46
C.+.70
D.-.77
Answer:
In E. Mavis Hetherington’s research, the _____ were characterized by divorcees who
were competent in multiple areas of life, showing a remarkable ability to bounce back
from stressful circumstances and to create something meaningful out of problems.
A.enhancers
B.seekers
C.libertines
D.good-enoughs
Answer:
_____ is a time of establishing personal and economic independence, career
development, and, for many, selecting a mate, learning to live with someone in an
intimate way, starting a family, and rearing children.
A. Early adulthood
B. Late adolescence
C. Middle adulthood
D. Late adulthood
Answer:
In the context of gender, which of the following statements about the midlife period?
A.Middle-aged men have more interpersonal stressors.
B.Middle-aged women have more self-focused stressors.
C.The adult stage theories place heavy importance on childbearing and child rearing.
D.Midlife is a diversified, heterogeneous period for women.
Answer:
According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study, which of the following abilities showed
signs of early decline?
A.Spatial orientation
B.Perceptual speed
C.Inductive reasoning
D.Verbal memory
Answer:
If Jane says to Harry, “Wilfred gave a gift to Marsha,” Harry knows who gave the gift
and who received it because he understands the _____ of the sentence.
A. syntax
B. semantics
C. pragmatics
D. primitive symbols
Answer:
The term Baltes uses to describe the “hardware” of the mind, meaning the
neurophysiological architecture of the brain that was developed through evolution, is:
A.cognitive mechanics.
B.cognitive perceptions.
C.crystallized pragmatics.
D.crystallized intelligence.
Answer:
Three-month-old Zoey looks up at her mother and smiles. Researchers call this type of
smiling:
A. trust smiling.
B. social smiling.
C. reflexive smiling.
D. attachment smiling.
Answer: