The poor are the majority in nearly one of every _____ nations of the world.
A. five
B. ten
C. two
D. eight
Answer:
In the Strange Situation, Latoya basically ignored her mother, was not upset when she
left the room, and did not seek her out when she returned. Mary Ainsworth would most
likely classify Latoya as being:
A.securely attached.
B.insecure avoidant.
C.insecure resistant.
D.insecure antisocial.
Answer:
Infant nighttime waking problems have consistently been linked to:
A. parental negligence with regard to sleep-related interactions with their infant.
B. extrinsic factors such as high levels of traffic noise.
C. intrinsic factors such as an alcoholic mother.
D. excessive parental involvement in sleep-related interactions with their infant.
Answer:
Which of the following women has the highest probability of giving birth to a child
with Down syndrome?
A. Sarah, a 21-year-old Asian woman.
B. Jane, a 41-year-old Euro-American woman.
C. Ella, a 27-year-old African American woman.
D. Destiny, a 38-year-old African American woman.
Answer:
Nancy was torn in her decision to major in music or take up an undergraduate program
in engineering. She finally chose the latter, with a minor in music. Identify Nancy’s
status of identity.
A.Identity diffusion
B.Identity foreclosure
C.Identity moratorium
D.Identity achievement
Answer:
Developmentally appropriate practices at the kindergarten level are likely to be:
A. child-centered.
B. standardized.
C. purpose-centered.
D. achievement-oriented.
Answer:
Color vision declines with age due to:
A.the yellowing of the lens of the eye.
B.a decline in the effectiveness of the cones to discriminate colors.
C.cataracts preventing certain parts of the light spectrum from entering the lens of the
eye.
D.a reduction in the light entering the peripheral area of the visual field.
Answer:
Recent studies find that a disorganized attachment style developed in infancy only when
infants had the short version of the serotonin transporter gene5-HTTLPR. This
gene-environment interaction only occurred when:
A.the infants’ other-consciousness is poorly developed in the first six months after birth.
B.mothers showed a low level of responsiveness toward their infants.
C.maternal nutrition was deficient during the prenatal period.
D.the infants were temperamentally inclined toward negative affectivity.
Answer:
Juan-Carlos was born full term, but was underweight for his gestational age. He would
be considered:
A. preterm.
B. premature.
C. normal.
D. small for date.
Answer:
“No, it can’t be me. It’s not possible”, thinks Clara when she hears the news of her
terminal illness. In this scenario, Clara is in which of the following Kübler-Ross’ stages
of dying?
A.Acceptance
B.Bargaining
C.Denial and isolation
D.Depression
Answer:
Which of the following statements is FALSE about the effect of substance abuse by
pregnant mothers?
A. Infants whose mothers are addicted to heroin show several behavioral difficulties at
birth, including withdrawal symptoms.
B. Prenatal marijuana exposure is related to higher intelligence in children.
C. Use of methamphetamine during pregnancy increases risk of low birth weight in
offspring.
D. Maternal smoking is linked to diminished ovarian functioning in female offspring.
Answer:
_____ refers to being alert, mentally present, and cognitively flexible while going
through life’s everyday activities and tasks.
A.Mindlessness
B.Mindfulness
C.Elasticity
D.Creativity
Answer:
At Jackson Elementary, children are taught to read by learning to recognize entire
words and sentences and to use the context of the words that are used in the text to
guess their meaning. Their reading material consists of stories, poems, newspapers, and
magazines. This school is using the _____ approach to reading instruction.
A.assisted-language
B.remedial-language
C.phonics
D.whole-language
Answer:
Which of the following babies would appear disoriented in the Strange Situation
created by Mary Ainsworth?
A.Tina who is securely attached to her caregiver.
B.Henry who is an insecure resistant baby.
C.Clara who is an insecure disorganized baby.
D.Tobias who is insecure and avoidant toward his caregiver.
Answer:
Jake, age 11 months, is able to pick up cereal and bits of fruit off the tray of his high
chair by grasping them with his thumb and forefinger. Jake has developed the:
A. palmer grasp.
B. pincer grip.
C. Moro reflex.
D. fencing reflex.
Answer:
Karen believes that her qualities and learning abilities cannot change despite all her
efforts. Therefore, she has decided not to try at all and let her grades plummet.
According to Carol Dweck, which of the following BEST describes Karen’s mindset?
A.Variable mindset
B.Apathetic mindset
C.Fixed mindset
D.Growth mindset
Answer:
Which of the following statements about identity development is TRUE?
A.Synthesizing the identity components is a single, neat process in normal individuals.
B.Decisions about identity may take time, but once they are made, they are set for life.
C.Identity development occurs in a single, one-step process.
D.Identity encompasses an individual’s personality characteristics.
Answer:
According to a study using the Complex Postformal Thought Questionnaire, which of
the following statements about the postformal stage of cognitive development is
TRUE?
A.Adolescents are just as likely as young adults to engage in postformal thinking.
B.College students who have cross-category friends scored higher on the postformal
thought measure.
C.College students who have cross-category friends are less likely to engage in
postformal thought.
D.Adolescents are more likely to engage in postformal thought than young adults.
Answer:
Which of the following changes is seen in the division of responsibility for work and
family when more U.S. women took jobs outside home?
A.U.S. men started avoiding any responsibility for maintaining the homes.
B.U.S. women retracted and withdrew from taking responsibility for breadwinning.
C.U.S. women and men failed to adapt any strategies to co-ordinate work and family.
D.U.S. men started showing greater interest in their families and parenting.
Answer:
Four-year-old Nathan is good at stacking his playing blocks to make tall structures.
However, he still knocks them over occasionally. Which of the following is the most
likely reason for this?
A. His gross motor skills are underdeveloped.
B. He tries to place each block perfectly on top of the other, upsetting those already
stacked.
C. His coordination skills are not developing normally for his age.
D. He is showing signs of dyslexia.
Answer:
As many as _____ percent of adolescents in the United States have been estimated to
engage in all four of the problem behaviors common in adolescents such as drug abuse,
juvenile delinquency, sexual problems, and school-related problems.
A.10
B.20
C.25
D.30
Answer:
In the development of language and thought, _____.
A. internal speech precedes private speech
B. internal and external speech develop simultaneously
C. external speech precedes internal speech
D. external speech develops after internal speech
Answer:
According to the old model of parent-adolescent relationships, _____.
A.parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence
B.parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe in most families
C.parents serve as important support systems, while adolescents explore a wider, more
complex social world
D.the everyday negotiations and minor disputes are normal
Answer:
Piaget’s preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage
of development:
A.cannot yet perform reversible mental actions.
B.cannot yet form stable concepts.
C.are unable to reason.
D.cannot operate electronic devices like TVs.
Answer:
A meta-analysis conducted by Zhao, Seibert, and Lumpkin in 2010 revealed that _____
was linked to pursuing entrepreneurial goals such as starting a new business, and to
success in those pursuits.
A.agreeableness
B.neuroticism
C.extraversion
D.openness
Answer:
According to a longitudinal study by Barefoot and others, which of the following
statements about gender differences in depression among adults is true?
A.In the childhood, adolescent, and early adulthood years, males show greater
depression than females do.
B.The study found greater depression in men than women at 50 and 60 years of age, but
not at 80 years of age.
C.Men showed increases in depressive symptoms from 60 to 80.
D.Women showed increases in depressive symptoms from 60 to 80.
Answer:
Which of the following is a sign of aging for the average adult in middle adulthood?
A.Increase in height
B.Decrease in weight
C.Brittle fingernails
D.Loss of memory
Answer:
Which of the following statements is TRUE of how neurons change in the first years of
life?
A.Synaptic connections begin to develop only after birth.
B.Myelination begins prenatally and stops at birth.
C.The synaptic connections that are used become strengthened and survive, while the
unused ones are replaced by other pathways or disappear.
D.The human brain actually needs more than twice of the neural connections made in
the first years of life.
Answer:
The most common treatment for heroin addiction, methadone, is associated with:
A. very low birth weight in newborns.
B. very severe withdrawal symptoms in newborns.
C. lower intelligence in children.
D. lower quality of reflexes at 1 month of age.
Answer:
A _____ is a cognitive structure, a network of associations that guides an individual’s
perceptions.
A.format
B.schema
C. subset
D.system
Answer:
Quinn is asked “How many things can you do with a paper clip?” This kind of question
which can produce many different answers is a test of _____.
Answer:
Briefly describe Erikson’s stage of intimacy versus isolation.
Answer:
Describe the changes that occur in a traditional couple during the final stage of the
marriage process and how they adjust to these changes.
Answer:
Riley argues that behavior is strongly influenced by biology; it is tied to evolution, and
characterized by critical or sensitive periods. What theoretical orientation does Riley
most likely take?
Answer:
What are the current controversies in early childhood education?
Answer:
Why is bulimia often more difficult to detect than anorexia?
Answer:
Teji’s doctor is testing her Rh factor to determine compatibility. Based on the test
results, the mother and fetus are incompatible. Give a brief description of Rh
incompatibility and discuss the dangers associated with it.
Answer:
Discuss how some characteristics of lower-class culture might promote juvenile
delinquency.
Answer:
Identify the term that refers to the midlife transition, for both men and women, in which
fertility declines.
Answer:
Which theorist stated that the psychological stage of childhood was “initiative versus
guilt”?
Answer:
What is the term that is used to identify the presence of positive masculine and feminine
characteristics in the same individual?
Answer:
Explain the contemporary life-events approach to development.
Answer:
Identify the term that refers to a kind of (adult) intelligence that consists of one’s
accumulated knowledge base and verbal skills.
Answer:
Explain the concept of androgyny, and give an example of a person who is
androgynous.
Answer:
What is the program committed to making the end of life as free from pain, anxiety, and
depression as possible?
Answer: