A researcher is interested in the effect of exercise on stamina in elderly patients. The
patients are randomly assigned to be in a high-exercise or low-exercise training
program for eight weeks. At the end of the program, their stamina is measured by
seeing how long they can walk comfortably on a treadmill. In this study, the dependent
variable is:
A. the number of minutes on the treadmill.
B. the exercise program (high versus low).
C. the number of elderly patients.
D. the eight-week duration of the exercise program.
Answer:
Voletta is at the stage of pregnancy where the zygote has attached itself to the uterine
wall. This scenario indicates the _____ stage of prenatal development.
A.embryonic
B.postpartum
C.germinal
D.fetal
Answer:
Darren is an active 12-year-old boy. When his friend Simon cheats in a game, he tends
to get irritated. However, Darren controls his anger and tries explaining to Simon why
cheating is bad. Which developmental aspect is Darren displaying in his actions?
A.Low self-esteem
B.Self-regulation
C.High self-esteem
D.Self-efficacy
Answer:
Which of the following is mainly driving the increased media use by adolescents?
A.Newspapers
B.Radio
C.Cell phones
D.Internet cafés
Answer:
During early adulthood, Erik Erikson’s developmental stage of _____ occurs.
A.intimacy versus isolation
B.integrity versus despair
C.initiative versus guilt
D.industry versus inferiority
Answer:
Which of the following is a potential benefit of romantic relationships over the Internet?
A.The chance of potential partners misrepresenting themselves is low.
B.The lack of interpersonal connection benefits the relationship in the long-term.
C.It benefits shy and anxious people who find it difficult to meet potential partners in
person.
D.It is especially beneficial to attachment-secure, gregarious people who want to form
close relationships.
Answer:
Organic intellectual disability is caused by:
A.a genetic disorder or brain damage.
B.being raised by poorly educated parents.
C.an impoverished intellectual environment.
D.traumatic experiences in early childhood.
Answer:
Which of the following is a factor that could undermine the influence of increases in
longevity on the nature of grandparenting?
A.Changing gender roles in childrearing
B.Early marriage and childbirth
C.Single-parenting and same-sex parents
D.Trend in delaying childbearing
Answer:
Don and Ellie are trying to conceive a baby. How long should they wait before they
suspect infertility?
A. 3 months
B. 12 months
C. 18 months
D. 24 months
Answer:
Heather is shown a teddy bear. The teddy bear is then hidden from her, and she searches
for it. This shows that Heather has developed a sense of _____.
A. symbolic manipulation
B. infinite generativity
C. telegraphic thinking
D. object permanence
Answer:
Sandra and Tom divorced after an 18-year marriage when Tom left Sandra for his
colleague. Since the divorce 2 years ago, Sandra has been promoted in her job, has an
active social life with her friends, and has taken up golf. However, when her friends
suggest that she meet a man, Sandra tells them that she has no interest in men and that
she is really quite content with her life. Sandra is a(n):
A.defeated divorcee.
B.competent loner.
C.enhancer.
D.libertine.
Answer:
Which of the following is a gene-linked abnormality?
A.Down syndrome.
B.Phenylketonuria (PKU).
C.Turner syndrome.
D.Klinefelter syndrome.
Answer:
Carol Dweck (2006) concluded that individuals have one of two mindsets, namely fixed
mindset and:
A.variable mindset.
B.growth mindset.
C.open mindset.
D.apathetic mindset.
Answer:
Naveen is entering the third stage of childbirth, also known as the _____ stage.
A. postpartum
B. umbilical procedure
C. afterbirth
D. detachment
Answer:
While scooting on the floor, baby Giovanni fell down the stairs. If he can no longer see,
it is likely that his _____ lobe was damaged.
A. frontal
B. parietal
C. occipital
D. temporal
Answer:
Psychological evolutionary theories of gender differences fail to take into account:
A.cultural and individual variations in gender differences.
B.intelligent speculations about the roles of men and women in prehistoric times.
C.the differing roles in reproduction for both males and females.
D.the fact that people are locked into behavior that was adaptive in the evolutionary
past.
Answer:
It is recommended that premarital education begin approximately:
A.2 to 3 years before the wedding.
B.6 months to a year before the wedding.
C.6 weeks before the wedding.
D.1 to 3 months before the wedding.
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true about parental influences on children’s gender
development?
A.In many cultures, mothers socialize their sons to be more obedient and responsible
than their daughters.
B.Mothers are more likely than fathers to engage in playful interactions with their
children.
C.Mothers, rather than fathers, are psychologically important to their children’s gender
development.
D.Fathers show more attention to sons than to daughters.
Answer:
Your professor says that our perception brings us into contact with the environment in
order to interact with and adapt to it. This indicates that he holds a(n) _____ view on
perceptual development.
A.ethological
B.ecological
C.evolutionary
D.genetic
Answer:
Ramona is a college student who is concerned about her diabetes. Which of the
following aerobic exercise is the doctor most likely to recommend?
A.Weight lifting.
B.Sprinting.
C.Bodybuilding.
D.Swimming.
Answer:
Which of the following statements is supported by Crystal Park’s research on chronic
stress and religious experiences?
A.Individuals who are religious rarely experience a disruption in their values after the
death of a loved one.
B.Religion can serve as a meaning system through which the bereaved are able to
reframe their loss.
C.Nonreligious individuals show better adjustment to the loss of a loved one than
religious individuals.
D.Initially, religion is linked with less depressed feelings about a loved one’s death.
Answer:
The theory of _____ refers to awareness of one’s own mental processes and the mental
processes of others.
A. self-awareness
B. recognition
C. mind
D. consciousness
Answer:
According to leading experts Mario Mikulincer and Phillip Shaver, individuals who
_____ have a well-integrated sense of self-acceptance, self-esteem, and self-efficacy.
A.have an attachment-avoidant style
B.are insecurely attached
C.are securely attached
D.have an anxious-attachment style
Answer:
In a national survey of more than 15,000 sixth- through tenth-grade students, nearly
_____ students reported experiencing bullying as either a victim or a perpetrator.
A.one of every two
B.two of every three
C.one of every three
D.three of every four
Answer:
The structure that contains two arteries and one vein, and connects the developing
embryo to the mother’s body, is called the _____.
A. amnion
B. placenta
C. embryo
D. umbilical cord
Answer:
Three-year-old Ruth draws a picture with lavender, purple, and blue colors intermixed
with green, yellow, and brown. “It is a boat in the ocean at sunset, with whales jumping
all around it!” she explains to her teacher. Which of the following does this explain?
A.Animism
B.Conservation
C.Intuitive thought
D.Symbolic function
Answer:
Gender _____ involves a sense of one’s own gender, including knowledge,
understanding, and acceptance of being male or female.
A.role
B.typing
C.identity
D.experience
Answer:
Which of the following is a characteristic of reciprocal socialization?
A. It is bidirectional.
B. It is asynchronous.
C. It is nontransactional.
D. It is harmful to infants.
Answer:
When her mother asks Selena why she feels so sad, Selena says it is because her best
friend just lost her puppy. Selena is exhibiting:
A.guilt.
B.empathy.
C.correspondence.
D.lack of perspective-taking.
Answer:
Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal
preschool in the United States?
A. It is more important to improve preschool education for young children who are
disadvantaged rather than funding preschool education for all 4-year-old children.
B. The quality of inner-city schools has often been found to be questionable.
C. Research has proven that the gains attributed to preschool and kindergarten
education are often overstated.
D. Universal preschool would bring billions of dollars of cost savings because of a
diminished need for remedial and justice services.
Answer:
Which of the following statements about the timing of identity development is TRUE?
A.In their last couple years in college, individuals are more likely to be categorized as
identity diffused.
B.College upperclassmen are more likely to be identity achieved than college freshmen
or high school students.
C.By the time adolescents reach college, they would have committed to their religious
and political identities.
D.A higher percentage of high school students are identity achieved when compared to
college upperclassmen.
Answer:
James, an American, will be most likely considered as an adult by his peers and
community when he _____, whereas Nirmal, an Indian, will be most likely considered
as an adult by his community when he _____.
A.moves out of the house; graduates from college
B.gets a full-time job; gets married
C.turns 21; becomes financially independent
D.gets married; buys his first home
Answer:
_____ refers to a self-centered and self-concerned approach toward others.
A.Egocentrism
B.Narcissism
C.Egotism
D.Solipsism
Answer:
Most neuroscientists agree that complex functions such as reading or performing music
involve:
A. the spinal cord.
B. only the right hemisphere.
C. both hemispheres.
D. only the left hemisphere.
Answer:
Similar to the epigenetic view, the _____ view emphasizes the importance of
interactions between experience and gene expression in the brain’s development.
A. neuroconstructivist
B. dynamic systems
C. genetic
D. ecological
Answer:
Identify the process that takes place at approximately 6 to 24 weeks after conception,
involves cells moving from their point of origin to their appropriate locations and
creating the different levels, structures, and regions of the brain.
Answer:
Define schemes. What are the processes of accommodation and assimilation? How are
they related to schemes?
Answer:
Identify the theorist who along with her colleagues conducted extensive research into
adolescent sleep patterns, and found that when given the opportunity, adolescents will
sleep an average of 9 hours and 25 minutes a night.
Answer:
Tobias’s parents are very demanding and show little warmth. They have a “My way or
the highway” kind of approach to parenting. What parenting style are they displaying?
Answer:
Identify the term that is applied to young adults who return to their parents’ homes to
live.
Answer:
According to Erik Erikson, identify the term that refers to an adult’s desire to leave
legacies of themselves to the next generation.
Answer:
Identify and discuss the three major eye diseases that can impact the vision of older
adults?
Answer:
Which famous theorist proposed that adolescence was a turbulent time of
‘storm-and-stress” in 1904?
Answer:
Discuss the importance of controlling one’s attention during adolescence.
Answer:
Define social clock.
Answer:
Identify the third level of Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning. At this (the
highest) level, morality is more internal.
Answer:
What term describes the method of gathering data by means of observing behaviors in
real-world settings, making no effort to manipulate or control the situation?
Answer:
Identify the match between a child’s temperament and the environmental demands with
which the child must cope.
Answer:
Identify an Italian physician-turned-educator who at the beginning of the
twentieth-century crafted a revolutionary approach to young children’s education. In
this approach, children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing
activities.
Answer:
Name and briefly describe the two stages of moral reasoning in children as identified by
Jean Piaget. Provide an example of each.
Answer:
What is the term that refers to the validation of attitudes and thoughts by others which
are similar between individuals?
Answer:
Identify the main reason the middle-aged and older men cited for their divorce.
Answer:
What is the term coined by Paul Baltes that refers to the culture-based ‘software
programs” of the mind including such things as reading and writing skills, language
comprehension, and daily life skills?
Answer: