Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development:
A.start at conception and continue until adulthood.
B.start at birth and end at death.
C.span from conception to death.
D.start at birth and continue through adulthood.
Answer:
According to research by Donnellan, Larsen-Rife, and Conger, individuals high on
_____ were more likely to have satisfying romantic relationships.
A.agreeableness
B.neuroticism
C.extraversion
D.openness
Answer:
Trenton was playing in a sandbox. He was pouring sand from a short and wide fat
container into a tall and narrow container. When he poured the sand into the tall and
narrow container, it appeared as if it had more sand in it. Trenton could not figure out
where the extra sand came from, and how it got into his container. As Trenton continues
to try to solve this puzzle, he experiences considerable movement between states of
cognitive _____ and _____ to produce cognitive change.
A. equilibrium; disequilibrium
B. adaptation; organization
C. classification; modification
D. equilibration; categorization
Answer:
When one-month-old Mai is sleeping, it often looks like she is smiling. This is an
example of a _____ smile.
A. private
B. reflexive
C. natural
D. social
Answer:
Juanita, a Latino girl, is entering adolescence and her mother wants to keep her from
risky sexual behavior. According to research, her mother should:
A.engage in a lower level of parental monitoring.
B.avoid emphasizing the need for academic excellence.
C.regularly talk to Juanita about sex and the risk factors associated with it.
D.keep Juanita away from adolescent males at all times until she reaches an appropriate
age.
Answer:
Which one of the following is an advantage of having children late?
A.Women have fewer medical problems during pregnancy.
B.Parents have more physical energy.
C.Parents have more income for child-rearing expenses.
D.Parents are less likely to build up expectations for their children.
Answer:
In the United States today, _____ percent of all deaths occur in hospitals.
A.20
B.50
C.80
D.95
Answer:
Which of the following BEST exemplifies the difference between how mothers and
fathers interact with their children?
A.Mothers smile more at their children.
B.Fathers are more physical with their children.
C.Mothers express more emotions with their children.
D.Fathers are less affectionate with their children.
Answer:
Identify the Big Five personality factor that describes whether a person is independent
or conforming.
A.Openness to experience
B.Extraversion
C.Conscientiousness
D.Agreeableness
Answer:
The _____ is like a bag or envelope, and contains a clear fluid in which the developing
embryo floats.
A. placenta
B. umbilical cord
C. amnion
D. cervix
Answer:
Charlie is a cooperative, attentive child and is a favorite at home and school; and he
receives positive, instructive responses from adults. This is indicative of a(n):
A. passive genotype-environment correlation.
B. evocative genotype-environment correlation.
C. influential genotype-environment correlation.
D. active (niche-picking) genotype-environment correlation.
Answer:
A Pew poll found that belief in God was higher in _____ than in any other age period.
A.older adults
B.young adults
C.adolescents
D.middle-aged adults
Answer:
A cross-sectional study by Ursula Staudinger found that for adults from 35 to 54 years
of age, _____ became most important in terms of personal investment.
A.work
B.independence
C.friends
D.family
Answer:
Analysis of the World Values Survey of 18- to 24-year-olds in less developed and more
developed countries revealed that emerging adults in _____.
A.more developed countries were more likely to be religious
B.less developed countries were more likely to be religious
C.both less developed and more developed countries were equally highly religious
D.both less developed and more developed countries were not religious
Answer:
After the age of _____, children attend more efficiently to the dimensions of the task
that are relevant.
A. 3 or 4
B. 4 or 5
C. 6 or 7
D. 5 or 6
Answer:
In a study comparing the memory spans of preschool and elementary school children,
the latter group consistently scored better. This apparent increase in memory span with
age could be explained partly by how:
A. the peer group plays a part in short-term memory.
B. older children rehearse the digits from the test more than younger children do.
C. elementary schools practice scaffolding.
D. memory-span tests are not always an accurate measure of short-term memory.
Answer:
Which of the following should be minimized in order to improve eating behavior of
children?
A. Competing activities
B. A predictable schedule
C. Parents eating healthy food
D. Making mealtimes pleasant occasions
Answer:
The inability to distinguish between one’s own perspective and someone else’s
perspective is known as _____.
A.animism
B.empathy
C.egocentrism
D.symbolism
Answer:
Helen’s knowledge of calculus and statistics is part of her _____ memory.
A.semantic
B.episodic
C.prospective
D.implicit
Answer:
Your ability to process language in the left hemisphere and spatial thinking in the right
hemisphere is called _____.
A. linearity
B. mastery
C. lateralization
D. learning
Answer:
Makiko feels ashamed when her friend comes over for a playdate and teases her about
wearing night-time diapers. This is an example of _____ emotions.
A. primary
B. other-worldly
C. other-conscious
D. conscious
Answer:
According to Erik Erikson, which of the following is a precursor to intimacy in
romantic relationships during emerging adulthood?
A.Identity development in adolescence
B.Insecure attachment in childhood
C.Postconventional reasoning in childhood
D.Postformal thought in adulthood
Answer:
Which of the following types of hormones is most commonly administered during
hormone replacement therapy?
A.Estrogen
B.Testosterone
C.Follicle stimulating hormone
D.Luteinizing hormone
Answer:
A number of leading experts on adolescent sexuality conclude that education programs
that emphasize contraceptive knowledge:
A.are less likely to reduce the risk of adolescent pregnancy than abstinence-only
programs.
B.do not increase the incidence of sexual intercourse.
C.are no more likely to reduce the risk of sexually-transmitted infections than
abstinence-only programs.
D.result in an increase in the incidence of sexual intercourse.
Answer:
The blastocyst is composed of an inner layer of cells that develops during the germinal
period and that will finally develop into the _____.
A. embryo
B. placenta
C. umbilical cord
D. gamete
Answer:
According to Kübler-Ross, during the _____ stage of dying, the realization of loss is
great and those who symbolize life, energy, and competent functioning are especially
salient targets of the dying person’s resentment and jealousy.
A.bargaining
B.anger
C.depression
D.acceptance
Answer:
Vygotsky believed that children construct knowledge through:
A. self-discovery.
B. social interaction.
C. reorganization of existing knowledge.
D. transforming previous knowledge.
Answer:
Which of the following emotional reactions is most common in the Gond culture of
India in response to death?
A.Peace
B.Acceptance
C.Denial
D.Anger
Answer:
In non-industrialized countries, marriage the marker for entry into adulthood usually
occurs _____ the marriage in the United States.
A.much earlier than
B.much later than
C.around the same time as
D.immediately after
Answer:
Which of the following most resembles the grieving process?
A.A year-long period of major depression
B.A roller coaster ride of emotions
C.An orderly progression of stages
D.A period of negative feelings that lasts around three months
Answer:
Most individuals who have X-linked diseases are _____.
A. males
B. females
C. intersex
D. hemophiliacs
Answer:
The belief that one can master a situation and produce favorable outcomes is called
_____.
A.self-concept
B.self-confidence
C.self-efficacy
D.self-esteem
Answer:
Leila and Alexander are siblings. Every Saturday morning, Leila and her grandmother
cook breakfast together and then do some errands and shopping together. During that
time, Alexander and his grandfather spend some quality “male bonding” time. They like
to play miniature golf or do yard work. The interactions that each child has with the
grandparent would be known as what type of environmental experience?
A. Shared environmental experiences
B. Evocative genotype-environment correlations
C. Nonshared environmental experiences
D. Shared experiences with peers
Answer:
_____ are built-in reactions to stimuli; they govern the newborn’s movements, which
are automatic and beyond the newborn’s control.
A. Instincts
B. Reflexes
C. Impulses
D. Urges
Answer:
Baby Elise has developed a sucking scheme. She knows that to get food she must suck
on her mother’s breast. Now, her mother has begun to introduce solid foods with a
spoon. Elise immediately sucks on the spoon. This is an example of _____.
A. accommodation
B. assimilation
C. amalgamation
D. application
Answer: