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_____ is a cognitive resource that involves the ability to perform tasks such as deciding
whether pairs of two-digit or two-letter strings are the same or different or determining
the time required to step on the brakes when the car directly ahead stops.
A.Sustained attention
B.Executive attention
C.Episodic memory
D.Perceptual speed
Answer:
Which of the following aspects of life do middle-aged adults feel they have less control
over?
A.Finances
B.Sex life
C.Work
D.Marriage
Answer:
When Josh was dropped off at preschool on the very first day of class, he was quite
upset. He cried for a long time and would not play with the other children. According to
psychiatrists Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas, what type of temperament does Josh
have?
A. Slow-to-warm-up
B. Easy
C. Difficult
D. Inflexible
Answer:
With age:
A.brain weight decreases; brain volume does not decrease.
B.brain volume decreases; brain weight does not decrease.
C.both brain weight and brain volume decrease.
D.neither brain weight nor brain volume decrease.
Answer:
Thirteen-year-old Grace's blood tests indicate that her levels of testosterone are about
twice as high as they were a few years ago, and that her estradiol levels are about eight
times higher than earlier. Grace is most likely experiencing:
A.normal changes during puberty.
B.difficulties due to significant imbalances in hormonal levels.
C.abnormal development of male physical characteristics.
D.abnormal development of female physical characteristics.
Answer:
Identify the type of error that occurs when infants make the mistake of selecting a
familiar hiding place rather than a new hiding place as they progress into Piaget's fourth
substage of the sensorimotor stage.
A. Type 1 error
B. Type 2 error
C. F-not-N error
D. A-not-B error
Answer:
Which of the following countries has the highest number of centenarians?
A.England
B.United States
C.China
D.Japan
Answer:
For older adults, social support is linked to a(n):
A.increased probability of becoming institutionalized.
B.higher socioeconomic status.
C.increase in mortality rates.
D.reduction in symptoms of disease.
Answer:
Caleb is 14 months old. Which of the following activities would you expect that Caleb
might be able to do?
A. Climb up steps using his hands and legs
B. Stand and throw a ball
C. Run
D. Jump in place
Answer:
Which of the following is a feature of the embryonic period of prenatal development?
A.The creation of the fertilized egg.
B.Formation of the blastocyst.
C.The attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall.
D.Formation of support systems for cells.
Answer:
A group of children were put through a task in which they were asked to say the word
"night" when they saw a picture of a sun and the word "day" when they saw a picture of
a moon and stars. This is an example of a(n) _____ function that describes several
functions, such as inhibition and planning, that are important for flexible,
future-oriented behavior.
A. executive
B. social
C. recall
D. dynamic
Answer:
At which stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development do individuals value trust,
caring, and loyalty to others as a basis of moral judgments?
A.Individualism, instrumental purpose, and exchange
B.Punishment and obedience orientation
C.Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and interpersonal conformity
D.Social contract or utility and individual rights
Answer:
Individuals whose identity status can be described as identity _____ are undecided
about occupational and ideological choices, and they are also likely to show little
interest in such matters.
A.moratorium
B.achievement
C.foreclosure
D.diffusion
Answer:
Which of the following is NOT one of the five big personality traits identified by Costa
and McCrae?
A.Extraversion
B.Openness
C.Adaptability
D.Conscientiousness
Answer:
A dropout prevention program functions by "adopting" entire grades from public
elementary schools, or corresponding age cohorts from public housing developments.
These children are then provided with a program of academic, social, cultural, and
recreational activities throughout their elementary, middle school, and high school
years. Identify this program.
A.Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation program
B.The Growing Together program
C."I Have a Dream" (IHAD) program
D.The Teen Outreach Program (TOP)
Answer:
Peter is a senior partner at his law firm and is an important member of his church and
community. Both his children are in college. Peter's situation is most representative of
which period of development?
A. Early adulthood
B. Middle adulthood
C. Late adulthood
D. Retirement
Answer:
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of using surveys as a way to collect data.
Answer:
In the United States, in 2012, ____ percent of corpses were disposed of by cremation.
A.42
B.66
C.24
D.90
Answer:
Josue has incurable cancer. However, he promises to lead a reformed life dedicated to
God if God spares his life. In this scenario, Josue is in which of the following
Kübler-Ross' stages of dying?
A.Denial
B.Hope
C.Bargaining
D.Acceptance
Answer:
Which of the following is a major difference between Levinson's and Valliant's view on
midlife?
A.Unlike Valliant, according to Levinson, only males experience midlife crisis.
B.Unlike Levinson, Valliant maintains that only a minority of adults experience midlife
as a crisis.
C.Levinson maintains that the transition period to midlife is six years, while Valliant
holds it to be eight years.
D.Unlike Levinson, Valliant's study was mainly focused on white, middle-aged, male
population within the upper SES of society.
Answer:
_____ is the second leading cause of death in adolescence.
A.Motor vehicle accidents
B.Suicide
C.Homicide
D.Chronic diseases
Answer:
The increased capacity for self-regulation that is seen in middle and late childhood is
linked to developmental advances in the:
A.brain's hypothalamus.
B.hippocampus.
C.brain's prefrontal cortex.
D.amygdala.
Answer:
Four-year-old Maria is sharing one of her favorite toys with her younger brother.
According to the developmental progression described by William Damon, Maria's
sharing is most likely motivated by a sense of:
A.equality.
B.obligation.
C.moral duty.
D.benevolence.
Answer:
One study reported by Gillum and others revealed that religious attendance at least
weekly compared with never was linked to a:
A.higher risk of mortality.
B.lower risk of mortality.
C.lower risk of Alzheimer disease.
D.higher risk of depression.
Answer:
What is the leading cause of infant death in the United States?
A.Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
B.Accidents
C.Child abuse
D.Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Answer:
According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, during which of the following
stages do people pursue their own interests; but also let others do the same?
A.Social contract or utility and individual rights
B.Individualism, instrumental purpose, and exchange
C.Punishment and obedience orientation
D.Social systems morality
Answer:
According to studies, which of the following is one of the most common sexual
problems of older women?
A.Lack of foreplay
B.Lack of sexual interest
C.Partner non-cooperation
D.Reduced muscular movements
Answer:
In North America, parents tend to prefer children with a(n) _____ temperament,
whereas in China, a(n) _____ temperament is more highly valued.
A.active; inhibited
B.inhibited; active
C.inner focused; outward focused
D.outward focused; inner focused
Answer:
_____ is the belief that "I can"; helplessness is the belief that "I cannot".
A.Self-esteem
B.Self-awareness
C.Self-concept
D.Self-efficacy
Answer:
Adult daughters are _____ times more likely than are adult sons to give parents
assistance with daily living activities.
A.three
B.five
C.two
D.four
Answer:
More than 1,000 colleges in the United States offer cooperative (co-op) programs,
which are:
A.service jobs on campus.
B.paid apprenticeships in a field that students are interested in pursuing.
C.community service programs.
D.internships with local companies.
Answer:
Development can be defined as the pattern of movement or change that:
A. begins at childhood and continues until adulthood.
B. begins at conception and continues until adulthood.
C. begins at birth and continues through the human life span.
D. begins at conception and continues through the human life span.
Answer:
Which of the following is Erikson's fifth developmental stage?
A.Identity versus identity confusion
B.Autonomy versus shame and doubt
C.Initiative versus guilt
D.Intimacy versus isolation
Answer:
