According to Denise Park, much of the blame for declining memory in late middle age
is a result of:
A.neuroanatomical changes during late middle age.
B.decreased blood supply to various parts of the brain.
C.physiological and cognitive atrophy during late middle age.
D.information overload that builds up over the adult years.
Answer:
_____ refer to services that provide temporary relief for those who are caring for
individuals with disabilities, illnesses, or the elderly.
A.Respite care
B.Hospice care
C.Palliative care
D.Home health care
Answer:
Which of the following is a key criticism of Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive
development?
A. Jean Piaget failed to conduct observations in an infant’s everyday environment.
B. Jean Piaget failed to conduct observations in controlled settings.
C. Infants are more competent than Jean Piaget thought.
D. Infants are less competent than Jean Piaget reported.
Answer:
Which of the following describes the federal government’s exercise recommendations?
A.A minimum of 15 minutes of mild exercise per day.
B.A maximum of 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise per day.
C.A minimum of 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise per day.
D.A maximum of 15 minutes of mild exercise per day.
Answer:
Late adulthood is a time of:
A. life review, adjustment to new social roles, and diminishing strength and health.
B. expanding personal and social involvement and responsibility.
C. establishing personal and economic independence and advancing in a career.
D. selecting a mate, learning to live with that person in an intimate way, starting a
family, and rearing children.
Answer:
By the time babies are born, they have approximately _____ neurons.
A. 10 million
B. 200 million
C. 1 billion
D. 100 billion
Answer:
The double disadvantage suffered by ethnic minority adolescents consists of:
A.the lack of clear rites of passage.
B.diversity and difference.
C.prejudice and poverty.
D.hostility and assimilation.
Answer:
If the word “win” is on a list of words a child is asked to remember, the child might
think of the last time he won a pony race with a friend. This is an example of _____.
A.rehearsal
B.organization
C.inclusion
D.elaboration
Answer:
Which of the following was considered to be a clear sign of death in the past?
A.A flat EEG (electroencephalogram)
B.Moderate brain stem function
C.Lack of higher cortical brain function
D.Rigor mortis
Answer:
Brad is an athletic boy who is on every sport team in school. Stephen loves math and is
part of his school’s math club. These instances reflect _____ correlations that occur
when children seek out environments that they find compatible and stimulating.
A. passive genotype-environment
B. evocative genotype-environment
C. active (niche-picking) genotype-environment
D. influential genotype-environment
Answer:
According to Erikson, the positive resolution of which developmental stage culminates
an acceptance of the course of one’s life and unfulfilled hopes in old age?
A.Generativity vs. stagnation
B.Basic trust vs. mistrust
C.Industry vs. inferiority
D.Intimacy vs. isolation
Answer:
Many of the deaths of young children around the world could be prevented by a
reduction in:
A. nutrition.
B. sanitation.
C. poverty.
D. education.
Answer:
In Patricia Cohen’s analysis, which of the following has fueled the emergence of
thinking about middle age?
A.More people entering adolescence earlier than in the past.
B.Increased pressure to remain in the workforce and delay retirement.
C.Advances in health and more people living to older ages.
D.The decrease of life expectancy.
Answer:
Children have the highest self-esteem when:
A.they are competent in all tasks that are given to them.
B.they perform competently in domains that are important to them.
C.they are extrinsically rewarded by role models.
D.they are encouraged to avoid problems they face rather than cope with them.
Answer:
For a terminally ill person, which of the following can be the most useful benefit of
denying one’s imminent death?
A.Denial allows the person to fully address the issue of death.
B.Denial helps shield family members from negative feelings.
C.Denial encourages the person to further develop his or her understanding of what will
happen after death.
D.Denial can help to insulate the dying person from coping with intense feelings of
anger.
Answer:
The understanding that objects and events continue to exist even when they cannot be
seen, heard, or touched is called:
A. object containment.
B. object permanence.
C. object availability.
D. object continuance.
Answer:
At which grade level does conformity to peers peak?
A.Sixth and seventh grades
B.Eighth and ninth grades
C.Tenth and eleventh grades
D.Twelfth grade
Answer:
Erik Erikson’s developmental theory consists of _____ stages that last from the first
year of life to:
A.seven; early adulthood.
B.eight; late adulthood.
C.six; adolescence.
D.nine; death.
Answer:
According to Piaget, a _____ is an internal sensory image or word that represents an
event.
A. transducer
B. sensation
C. symbol
D. memory
Answer:
A recent meta-analysis of 124 studies by Jane Kroger and her colleagues found that a
large portion of individuals were _____ by the time they reached their twenties.
A.not identity diffused
B.not identity achieved
C.identity confused
D.identity achieved
Answer:
Tzu-Chiang is 55 years old and is currently enrolled in a college algebra course. He is
pleasantly surprised that he is performing well in the course despite not taking a formal
math class for over 30 years. Researchers would consider this an instance that illustrates
how development is:
A. plastic.
B. multidisciplinary.
C. lifelong.
D. contextual.
Answer:
Gwendolyn is having a prenatal test where her doctor uses high-frequency sound waves
directed into her abdomen to check her fetus. She is most likely having a(n) _____.
A. chorionic villus sampling
B. triple screen
C. amniocentesis
D. ultrasound sonography
Answer:
According to Levinson, the transition to middle adulthood lasts about _____ years.
A.two
B.four
C.five
D.seven
Answer:
_____ percent of women 75 years and older live alone.
A.Fifty
B.Thirty
C.Seventy
D.Seventy-five
Answer:
Middle-aged Americans agree that a major component of their well-being involves:
A.physical health.
B.positive relationships.
C.recovery from midlife crisis.
D.better financial situation.
Answer:
Which of the following statements about self-esteem is NOT true?
A.Self-esteem dropped significantly in the seventies and eighties.
B.Self-esteem of males was higher than females through most of the adult years.
C.Negative societal attitudes toward older adults could lead to lower self-esteem.
D.The stability of self-esteem increased in late adulthood.
Answer:
Paul Baltes says that natural selection among humans operates mainly during the _____
of life.
A. second half
B. last years
C. first half
D. first year
Answer:
_____ are the leading cause of injury deaths among adults who are 65 years and older.
A.Household fires
B.Falls
C.Motor vehicle accidents
D.Heart conditions
Answer:
Which of the following is true of schools in low-income areas?
A.They have higher attendance compared to schools in high-income areas.
B.Federal and state governments actively participate in the facilitation and assessment
of the curricula.
C.They have very high graduation rates.
D.Teaching is more likely to encourage rote learning.
Answer:
Dr. Jackson’s research has found that the correlation between IQ and head
circumference is +.10. From this information, we can conclude that:
A.people with large heads have a higher IQ than people with smaller heads.
B.there is a weak relationship between head size and IQ.
C.people with small heads tend to have a higher IQ than people with large heads.
D.head circumference is an important predictor of IQ.
Answer:
In a survey conducted by Watts & Zimmerman in 2002, _____ of female college
freshman women report having been date raped or having experienced an attempted
date rape at least once.
A.one-fourth
B.half
C.two-thirds
D.about one in ten
Answer:
Cell differentiation intensifies and organs appear in the _____ period of prenatal
development.
A. embryonic
B. zygotic
C. fetal
D. germinal
Answer:
Which of the following statements about the empty nest syndrome is TRUE?
A.Parents who live vicariously with their children do not experience it.
B.It is more common for middle-aged men than for middle-aged women.
C.It is a common, though minor, problem for most middle-aged adults.
D.It involves a decline in marital satisfaction after children leave the home.
Answer:
An aggressive boy’s interpretation of an encounter as hostile, and his classmates’
perception of his behavior as inappropriate are examples of _____ in behavior
development.
A.stereotyping
B.cognitive dissonance
C.cultural bias
D.social cognition
Answer:
Toby is 3 years old. His parents are concerned because he is always running and
jumping around. He cannot seem to sit still. Even when watching his favorite movie on
TV, he fidgets and wiggles. It is especially frustrating for his parents when Toby does
not sit still through dinner. Which of the following should Toby’s parents do?
A. They should have him tested for attention deficit disorder.
B. They should start him on a behavior modification program.
C. They should provide structured, cognitively challenging activities for Toby to
develop his attention span.
D. They should treat this behavior as normal and avoid being panicked, as Toby’s
behavior is normal for kids in his age group.
Answer: