Archives: Quiz

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes _____. A) are catalyzed by the same enzyme B) use water molecules when breaking bonds (hydrolysis) C) require the presence of hydrochloric acid to […]

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. The citric acid cycle. For each mole of glucose (C6H12O6) oxidized by cellular respiration, how many moles of CO2 are released in the citric acid cycle (see the accompanying figure)? A) […]

Which of these is a major trend in land plant evolution? A) the trend toward smaller size B) the trend toward a gametophyte-dominated life cycle C) the trend toward a sporophyte-dominated life cycle D) the trend toward larger gametophytes Tumor-suppressor […]

A nonfunctional CD4 protein on a helper T cell would result in the helper T cell being unable to _____. A) respond to T-independent antigens B) lyse tumor cells C) stimulate a cytotoxic T cell D) interact with a class […]

If the half-life of carbon-14 is about 5730 years, then a fossil that has one-sixteenth the normal proportion of carbon-14 to carbon-12 should be about how many years old? A) 2800 B) 11,200 C) 16,800 D) 22,900 Scientists believe that […]

In receptor-mediated endocytosis, receptor molecules initially project to the outside of the cell. Where do they end up after endocytosis? A) on the outside of vesicles B) on the inside surface of the cell membrane C) on the inside surface […]

We should care about loss in biodiversity in other species because of _____. I) potential loss of medicines and other products yet undiscovered from threatened species II) potential loss of genes, some of which may code for proteins useful to […]

The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event? A) glycolysis B) accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain C) the citric acid cycle D) the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA […]

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterial organism that causes ulcers and digestive disturbances. How might they survive the acid pH of the stomach? A) They secrete buffers to neutralize acid. B) They burrow under the mucus layer that covers the stomach […]

The solutions in the arms of a U-tube are separated at the bottom of the tube by a selectively permeable membrane. The membrane is permeable to sodium chloride but not to glucose. Side A is filled with a solution of […]

One of the buffers that contribute to pH stability in human blood is carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbonic acid is a weak acid that, when placed in an aqueous solution, dissociates into a bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and a hydrogen ion (H+), […]

Artificial electrical stimulation of a human’s capsaicin-sensitive neurons would likely produce the sensation of _____. A) cold temperature B) hot temperature C) tactile stimulus D) deep pressure When adenylyl cyclase is activated ________. A) cAMP is created B) cAMP is […]

Whatever its ultimate cause(s), the Cambrian explosion is a prime example of _____. A) mass extinction B) evolutionary stasis C) adaptive radiation D) a large meteor impact What must be true of any organ described as vestigial? A) It must […]

Which clade does NOT include humans? A) lobe-fins B) diapsids C) craniates D) osteichthyans What is the importance of consuming an adequate amount of proteins in the diet? A) They are most commonly used to meet energy demands of cells. […]

What is thought to be the correct sequence of these events, from earliest to most recent, in the evolution of life on Earth? 1. origin of mitochondria 2. origin of multicellular eukaryotes 3. origin of chloroplasts 4. origin of cyanobacteria […]

Rank the following one-base point mutations (from most likely to least likely) with respect to their likelihood of affecting the structure of the corresponding polypeptide. 1. insertion mutation deep within an intron 2. substitution mutation at the third position of […]

Most of the exchange surfaces of multicellular animals are lined with _____. A) connective tissue B) smooth muscle cells C) neural tissue D) epithelial tissue Refer to the following information to answer the questions below. Fossils of Lystrosaurus, a dicynodont […]

Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form a cation with a charge of +1? A) B) C) D) An decrease from pH 7.4 to pH 7.2 causes hemoglobin to _____. A) release all bound carbon […]

What does the circled part of the phylogenetic tree above indicate? A) an adaptive radiation B) a mass extinction event C) rapid speciation D) an adaptive radiation and rapid speciation Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific […]

The process of photosynthesis probably originated _____. A) in plants B) in prokaryotes C) in fungi D) three separate times during evolution Menopause is characterized by _____. A) the loss of responsiveness by the ovaries to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and […]

The bile salts _____. A) are enzymes B) are manufactured by the pancreas C) emulsify fats in the duodenum D) are normally an ingredient of gastric juice To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure […]

If a meteor impact or volcanic eruption injected a lot of dust into the atmosphere and reduced the sunlight reaching Earth’s surface by 70 percent for one year, which of the following marine communities most likely would be least affected? […]

A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is _____. A) TTT B) UUA C) UUU D) AAA Which of the following defines a genome? […]

If global warming continues at its present rate, which biomes will likely take the place of the coniferous forest (taiga)? A) temperate broadleaf forest and grassland B) desert and chaparral C) tropical forest and savanna D) chaparral and temperate broadleaf […]

What would be the expected effect on plants if the atmospheric CO2 concentration was doubled? A) All plants would experience increased rates of photosynthesis. B) C3 plants would have faster growth; C4 plants would be minimally affected. C) C4 plants […]

When electrons move closer to a more electronegative atom, what happens? The more electronegative atom is _____. A) reduced, and energy is released B) reduced, and energy is consumed C) oxidized, and energy is consumed D) oxidized, and energy is […]

The active ingredient orlistat acts to decrease the amount of fat that is absorbed by attaching to enzymes that digest fat. Which of the following are potential targets of orlistat? A) salivary amylase B) pepsidase C) pancreatic lipase D) secretin […]

What is true of the Cambrian explosion? A) There are fossils of animals in geological strata that are older than the Cambrian explosion. B) Only the fossils of microorganisms are found in geological strata older than the Cambrian explosion. C) […]

The eyes and the respiratory tract are both protected against infections by _____. A) interferons produced by immune cells B) the secretion of complement proteins C) the release of slightly alkaline secretions D) the secretion of lysozyme onto their surfaces […]

A human blastomere is _____. A) an embryonic cell that is smaller than the ovum B) an embryonic structure that includes a fluid-filled cavity C) that part of the acrosome that opens the egg’s membrane D) a cell that contains […]

If humans had been present to build log structures during the Carboniferous period (they were not), which plant types would have been suitable sources of logs? A) horsetails and bryophytes B) lycophytes and bryophytes C) ferns, horsetails, and lycophytes D) […]

Predict the effects of a drug that increases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) synthesis. A) increase in glucocorticoid production B) increase in release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) C) decrease in cortisol release D) decrease in release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) You sample […]

Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs during _____. A) meiosis I only B) meiosis II only C) mitosis and meiosis I D) mitosis and meiosis II Asexual reproduction in yeasts occurs by budding. Due to unequal cytokinesis, the “bud” cell receives […]

In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by _____. A) hydrogen bonds B) nonpolar covalent bonds C) polar covalent bonds D) ionic bonds The first genetic material on Earth was probably […]

When the air in a testing chamber is specially mixed so that its oxygen content is 10 percent and its overall air pressure is 400 mm Hg, then is _____. A) 400 mm Hg B) 82 mm Hg C) 40 […]

Which of the following is released by platelets in the vicinity of an injury? A) PDGF B) MPF C) cyclin D) Cdk P680+ is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent. Given its function, why is this necessary? A) […]

Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides? A) a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group B) a nitrogenous base and a sugar C) a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar D) […]

Many plants flower in response to day-length cues. Which of the following statements best summarizes this phenomenon? A) As a rule, short-day plants flower in the summer. B) As a rule, long-day plants flower in the spring or fall. C) […]

Ionotropic receptors found at synapses are operated via _____. A) ligand-gated ion channels B) electrical synapses C) inhibitory, but not excitatory, synapses D) excitatory, but not inhibitory, synapses The following table depicts characteristics of five prokaryotic species (A-E). Use the […]

Recent genetic studies of the structure of microsporidian genomes, as well as the sequences of their tubulin genes and the gene for RNA polymerase II, indicate that microsporidians are closely related to the fungi. Microsporidians lack flagella, centrioles, peroxisomes, and […]

The following questions refer to the generalized life cycle for land plants shown in the figure below. Each number within a circle or square represents a specific plant or plant part, and each number over an arrow represents either meiosis, […]

During aerobic respiration, H2O is formed. Where does the oxygen atom for the formation of the water come from? A) carbon dioxide (CO2) B) glucose (C6H12O6) C) molecular oxygen (O2) D) pyruvate (C3H3O3 –) Imagine you are resting comfortably on […]

Pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy is a human disorder that causes gradual deterioration of the muscles. Only boys are affected, and they are always born to phenotypically normal parents. Due to the severity of the disease, the boys die in their teens. […]

Antigen-presenting cells are necessary for ____ response to a foreign antigen. A.T lymphocyte B.B lymphocyte C.antibody D.macrophage Passive transport of water is known as A. filtration. B. osmosis. C. facilitated diffusion. D. a water pump. Answer: B. Somatic motor neurons […]

Which of the following is NOT true of histamine? A. it is derived from the amino acid histidine B. acts as a hormone that stimulates gastric secretion C. acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain to cause drowsiness D. acts […]

Germinal cells can most likely divide indefinitely due to the activity of an enzyme called A.caspases. B.telomerase. C.DNA polymerase. D.RNA transferase. In smooth muscle cells, ______________ functions in a manner analogous to troponin. A.myoglobin B.calmodulin C.tropomyosin D.titin Answer: B. The […]

What is the enzyme that converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin? A.prothrombin B.thrombin C.thromboplastin D.plasmin “Traveler’s diarrhea” results when A. enterogastrone secretion is inhibited. B. gastrointestinal motility is stimulated by increased parasympathetic outflow. C. guanylin receptors in the ileum and […]

Cycles of physiological activity that follow a 24-hour pattern are called A.circadian rhythms. B.biomemetic rhythms. C.psychological rhythms. D.cerebral rhythms. Conn’s syndrome results in hypokalemia and A. metabolic alkalosis. B. metabolic acidosis. C. loss of H+. D. Both metabolic alkalosis and […]

Which of the following is NOT a function of intestinal microbiota? A.production of B vitamins B.ferment indigestible contents of the chyme C.production of vitamin K D.hydrolyze proteins Systole refers to the ______ of the heart. A.relaxation B.filling C.contraction D.blood flow […]

Lipophilic hormones and thyroid hormone are transported to their target cells free in the plasma. Conduction deafness occurs due to loss of hair cells in the cochlea. Answer: FALSE Insertion of ______________ in the muscle cell membrane increases cellular glucose […]