What is the enzyme that converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin?
A.prothrombin
B.thrombin
C.thromboplastin
D.plasmin
“Traveler’s diarrhea” results when
A. enterogastrone secretion is inhibited.
B. gastrointestinal motility is stimulated by increased parasympathetic outflow.
C. guanylin receptors in the ileum and colon are stimulated by enterotoxins.
D. cholecystokinin secretion is inhibited.
Which of the following is NOT an endogenous source of ROS (reactive oxygen
species)?
A.peroxisomes
B.UV light
C.mitochondria
D.NADPH oxidase
Wound healing would be delayed due to a lack of
A.vitamin E.
B.vitamin C.
C.potassium.
D.vitamin A.
The most abundant neuropeptide in the brain is
A. neuropeptide Y.
B. neuropeptide Z.
C. substance P.
D. CCK.
Women who are thin, athletic, and under prolonged stress which leads to inadequate
GnRH release may experience cessation of menstruation or
A.dysmenorrhea.
B.menorrhea.
C.metrorrhea.
D.functional amenorrhea.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are also known as
A. basophils.
B. neutrophils.
C. eosinophils.
D. monocytes.
Which cranial nerve is vital for the functioning of the visceral organs?
A. abducens
B. glossopharyngeal
C. hypoglossal
D. vagus
Benzodiazepines act by increasing ________ activity.
A. GABA
B. glutamate
C. ACh
D. enkephalin
Postganglionic axons which do not secrete either catecholamines or acetylcholine may
secrete
A. ATP.
B. nitric oxide.
C. vasoactive intestinal peptide.
D. All apply.
Local anesthetics block conduction of action potentials in sensory neurons by
A. inhibiting the release of acetylcholine.
B. binding to potassium channels.
C. binding to sodium channels.
D. binding to calcium channels.
What is the major hemotopoietic organ in the fetus?
A.liver
B.spleen
C.red bone marrow
D.kidneys
What event(s) occur to start puberty?
A.GABA release in hypothalamus is reduced.
B.Glutamate stimulation of the hypothalamus is increased.
C.Increased secretion of GnRH to the anterior pituitary.
D.All of the choices are correct.
The staircase effect or _____ represents a warm up effect due to increasing intracellular
calcium concentrations.
A. treppe
B. tetanus
C. incomplete tetanus
D. tonus
Which of the following is NOT an example of an inclusion?
A.glycogen
B.actin
C.melanin
D.triglycerides
The breakdown of hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed by
A.aldolase.
B.amylase.
C.catalase.
D.kinase.
The vitalist concept was defeated because of fermentation experiments involving
A.yeast.
B.bacteria.
C.amoebae.
D.paramecia.
Which brain structure contains two respiratory control centers?
A. cerebellum
B. epithalamus
C. pons
D. midbrain
____________ attach skeletal muscles to bones.
A.Ligaments
B.Cartilages
C.Tendons
D.Adipocytes
These muscle cells do NOT have a striated appearance.
A.skeletal muscle cells
B.smooth muscle cells
C.cardiac muscle cells
D.both smooth muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells
T lymphocytes in an adult mainly come from
A.the thymus.
B.bone marrow.
C.lymph nodes and spleen.
D.the liver.
What type of tissue is especially dependent on adequate plasma glucose levels?
A. skeletal muscle
B. cardiac muscle
C. nervous
D. liver
What substances are needed to produce red blood cells?
A. vitamin B12
B. folic acid
C. iron
D. All apply
Cardiac output would be increased by
A.sympathetic antagonists.
B.parasympathetic agonists.
C.negative inotropic agents.
D.positive chronotropic agents.
Endocannabinoids are retrograde neurotransmitters, meaning they are
A. released from presynaptic neurons and diffuse to the postsynaptic neuron.
B. released from postsynaptic neurons and diffuse to the presynaptic neuron.
C. released from presynaptic neurons and diffuse back to the presynaptic cell body.
D. None apply.
After meiosis I in males, ________ are formed.
A.primary spermatocytes
B.secondary spermatocytes
C.spermatids
D.spermatozoa
Blocking the CD8 coreceptor would cause
A.decreased activation of macrophages.
B.decreased activation of helper T lymphocytes.
C.decreased activation of cytotoxic T cells.
D.decreased activation of the target cells.
Neurotransmitter release would be inhibited by
A. stimulating repolarization of the axon terminal.
B. blocking Ca2+ influx in the axon terminal.
C. blocking repolarization of the axon terminal.
D. stimulating protein kinase activity.
__________ is secreted by the ileum and colon and stimulates intestinal secretion of Cl-
thereby causing elimination of NaCl and water in the feces.
A.Guanylin
B.Motilin
C.Serotonin
D.Nitric oxide
What type of memory is involved in learning all this material about memory?
A. semantic
B. implicit
C. episodic
D. procedural
The rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis is catalyzed by
A.HMG-Coenzyme A reductase.
B.protein kinase C.
C.phospholipase C.
D.phosphodiesterase.
Different layers of the __________________ analyze input from cones (and rods)
differently such that one layer can add input from L and M cones to obtain information
about light intensity, while another could subtract such input to obtain red-green color
information.
A.hypothalamus
B.superior colliculi
C.lateral geniculate nucleus
D.red nucleus
Infants that are breastfed receive which of the following from the mother?
A.IgA
B.IgG
C.IgF
D.IgE
A solution consists of a ____________ which dissolves the ____________.
A. solvent, solute
B. solvent, solid
C. solute, solvent
D. liquid, solid