Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology: Essentials of Respiratory Care 6th Edition

What is the formula for calculating the maximum heart rate? a. maximum heart rate = 220 - (age in years) b. maximum heart rate = 250- (age in years x 2) c. maximum heart rate = 220 - (age in years x 1.5) d. maximum heart rate = 250 -(age in years +20) Answer:

At body temperature, how much oxygen is transported in the plasma if the PaO2 is 70 mm Hg? a. 0.21 vol% b. 21 vol % c. 0.021 vol % d. 2.1 vol% Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A In a resting adult, what is the term for a heart rate between 100-160 bpm? a. sinus tachycardia b. normal heart

Which portion of an ECG tracing represents atrial depolarization? a. P wave b. QRS complex c. T wave d. U wave Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A How much oxygen can dissolve in a plasma at body temperature? a. 0.003 mL/dL/mmHg PO2 b. 0.03 mL/dL/mmHg PO2 c. 0.3 mL/dL/mmHg PO2 d. 1.34 mL/dL/mmHg PO2 Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A If

Which hemodynamic parameter is a reflection of the contractility of the left ventricle? a. LVSWI b. cardiac output c. CI d. stroke volume Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A When breathing FIO2 1.0 at seal level, what would the PN2 in the alveoli equal? a. 0 b. 573 mm Hg c. 593 mm Hg d. 47 mm Hg Answer: A Answer: A Answer:

Which lung volumes or capacities would decrease in an obstructive pulmonary disorder? I. IC II. VC III. IRV IV. ERV a. I, II, III, and IV only b. I, III, and IV only c. II, III, and IV only d. I and II only Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which type of hypoxia results from an inability of tissue cells

What is derived when the pressure difference between the mouth and alveoli is divided by the flowrate? a. airway resistance b. surface tension c. lung compliance d. chest wall compliance Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What would the partial pressure of oxygen equal in an air mixture at a depth of 99 feet under water? a. 159

What is the term for the viscous layer of the mucous blanket? a. gel b. sol c. basal d. epoxic Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which of the following influence the volume of dissolved gas that moves into a diver's tissues during a deep dive? I. Solubility of the gas in the tissues II. The partial pressure of

At rest, what portion of the muscle capillaries are dilated? a. 20-25% b. 2-5% c. 30-35% d. 5-10% Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A In the newborn, at what angles do the right and left mainstem bronchi form with the trachea? a. both form a 55 degree angle b. both form a 40 degree angle c. right forms a 25

What is the minimum amount reduced hemoglobin that must be present for cyanosis to appear? a. 5 g% b. 1 % c. 3g% d. 7g% Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which gas law can be used to calculate the changes in gas volumes and pressures applied to diving? a. Boyle's b. Henry's c. Charles' d. Dalton's Answer: Answer: Answer: A A A Which

What volume of carbon dioxide is produced per minute by the average adult at rest? a. 200 mL/min b. 250 mL/min c. 100 mL/min d. 150 mL/min Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A To what structure is the uvula attached? a. soft palate b. hard palate c. palatopharyngeal arch d. palatoglossal arch Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A During a sleep study, which of

How is oxygen diffusion affected when pulmonary edema is present? a. Diffusion is indirectly related to thickness of the a-c membrane so diffusion will decrease b. Diffusion is indirectly related to the thickness of the a-c membrane so diffusion will increase c. Diffusion is directly related to thickness of the a-c membrane so

Where are eosinophils primarily located? a. lining of the digestive and respiratory tracts b. alveoli c. above the vocal cords d. kidneys, liver, and lining of therespiratory tract Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is the term for the C-fibers located near the alveolar capillaries? a. J-receptors b. A-receptors c. D-receptors d. L receptors Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What does a

Which type of anemia is due to snake venom? a. hemolytic b. hemorrhagic c. pernicious d. aplastic Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which low voltage wave may become more prominent in the presence of electrolyte disturbances, heart disease, or certain medications? a. U wave b. Y wave c. T wave d. P wave Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which nerve innervates the

What is the term for the pressure difference that occurs across the airway wall ? a. Transmural pressure b. Transrespiratory pressure c. Transpulmonary pressure d. Transthoracic pressure Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which pulmonary disorder results secondary to left ventricular failure? a. pulmonary edema b. pulmonary emboli c. pneumonia d. pneumothorac Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which of the following contribute to

What does the presence of phosphatidyglycerol (PG) in the amniotic fluid indicate? a. low risk of development of respiratory distress b. high risk of development of respiratory distress c. immature fetal lungs d. uncertain fetal lung maturity Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is the normal pH range for venous blood? a. 7.30-7.40 b. 7.40-7.50 c. 7.25-7.35 d. 7.35-7.45 Answer:

Which ions account for over 90% of the positively charged ions in extracellular fluid? a. Na+ b. K+ c. Ca+ d. Mg+ Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is the term for the movement of gas from the external environment to the alveoli ? a. ventilation b. external respiration c. internal respiration d. osmosis Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Using the normal

What is the term for the total of all nights of lost sleep? a. sleep debt b. sleep latency c. exhaustion quotient d. sleepiness quotient Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A How would the body respond to a systemic capillary pressure of 22 mm Hg? a. In response to the elevated pressure, fluid would leak into the tissue

What type of epithelium is present in the posterior two-thirds of the nasal cavity? a. pseudostratified ciliated columnar b. cuboidal c. stratified squamous d. pseudostratified squamous Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A In the Global Initiative for COPD, which category of COPD is considered severe COPD? a. Stage III b. Stage IV c. Stage II d. Stage I Answer: A Answer: A Answer:

What is the clinical term for an inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart? a. pericarditis b. endocarditis c. pleurisy d. myocarditis Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Where does blood collected by the thebesian veins empty? a. right and left atria b. left ventricle c. right ventricle d. pulmonary artery Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is a common site for misplacement

What effect do propranolol and isoproterenol have on CI? a. Propranolol will decrease CI; isoproterenol will increase CI b. Propranolol will increase CI; isoproterenol will decrease CI c. Both will increase CI d. Both will decrease CI Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is the acronym for a sleep study? a. PSG b. SS c. SPG d. PMG Answer: A Answer:

What is "best PEEP"? a. The PEEP level that has the least hemodynamic compromise and the maximum total oxygen delivery b. The PEEP level that has the lowest effect on PaCO2 c. The PEEP level that delivers the highest PaO2 with the least hemodynamic compromise d. The PEEP level that delivers the highest cardiac

Which of the following statements are true regarding a capnogram? I. It is a direct measurement of PCO2 eliminated by the lungs II. It is an indirect measurement of PCO2 eliminated by the lungs III. It is an indirect measurement of PvCO2 IV. It is a direct measurement of PaCO2 a. I and III only b.

How do the VCs lowlanders who ascend to high altitudes compared to those born and raised at high altitudes? a. The VCs of native high altitude residents remain larger b. After 2-3 days, the VCs are the same size c. After 2-3 weeks, the VCs are the same size d. After 2-3 months, the

What does a P50 of 30 indicate? a. a rightward shift of the curve meaning a decreased affinity of hemoglobin for O2 b. a rightward shift of the curve meaning an increased affinity of hemoglobin for O2 c. a leftward shift of the curve meaning a decreased affinity of hemoglobin for O2 d. a

Which structures form the upper third of the nose? I. Nasal bones II. Frontal process of maxilla III. Lateral nasal cartilage IV. Greater alar cartilage a. I and II only b. I , II, and III only c. I. II, and IV only d. I, II, III, and IV Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A 3In the ACLS treatment protocols for

What are the boundaries of the pulmonary vascular system? a. pulmonary trunk to left atrium b. right atrium to left atrium c. aorta to right atrium d. aorta to left ventricle Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A In the ideal alveolar gas equation, what does 1.25 represent? a. correction factor for variations in respiratory exchange ratio b. correction factor

Which of the following can occur with decompression sickness? I. Joint pain II. Chest Pain and Coughing III. Paresthesia and Paralysis IV. Circulatory Failure a. I, II, III, and IV b. I only c. I, II, and IV d. I and IV only Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is the term for the therapeutic positional measures which utilize gravity

At body temperature and a PaO2 of 500 mmHg, how much oxygen can dissolve in the plasma? a. 1.5 vol% b. 0.15 vol% c. 15 vol% d. 0.015 vol% Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is the definition of molecular water? a. water in the gaseous form b. water in the liquid form c. water in the solid form d.

How does the normal adult's respiratory pattern change when lung compliance decreases? a. respiratory rate increases and tidal volume decreases b. respiratory rate decreases and tidal volume increase c. respiratory rate and tidal volume increase d. respiratory rate and tidal volume decrease. Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is another name for lung packing? a. glossopharyngeal insufflation b.

Which of the following is defined as a proton donor? a. acid b. base c. buffer d. protein Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which cranial nerve innervates the submucosal glands? a. tenth b. ninth c. eighth d. seventh Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Where is the olfactory region located in the nasal cavity? a. superior and middle turbinates b. middle and inferior turbinates c. choana d.

How many times per minute do the cilia in the tracheobronchial tree move? a. 1500 times b. 2500 times c. 500 times d. 50 times Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is the normal adult BSA? a. 1.5 - 2 m2 b. 1.1-1.49 m2 c. 2.1-2.49 m2 d. 2.5-3 m2 Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A What is the funnel

Which condition is described as "a state of unconsciousness from which one cannot be awakened by even the most forceful stimuli"? a. coma b. sleep c. lethargy d. deep sleep Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which structures form the posterior section of the floor of the nasal cavity? I. Nasal bones II. Cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone III.