Applying Career Development Theory to Counseling 6th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I have written 550 multiple choice questions for you to draw from in preparing examinations, and have indicated for each question both the correct answer and the page number in the text where information can be found that supports that answer. When there is no

1 CHAPTER 10 ADULT CAREER CRISES AND TRANSITIONS 303. Which of the following terms refers to a smooth movement from one stage to another? a. career maturity b. crisis c. life stage d. transition Ans: D PG:264 Ans: D PG:264 Ans: D

1 CHAPTER 11 CONSTRUCTIVIST AND NARRATIVE APPROACHES TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT 338. Constructivism refers to a. emphasizing scientific proof. b. perception of ones own reality. c. methods for providing positive feedback to clients. d. standards for entering construction trades. Ans: B PG:294 Ans:

1 CHAPTER 12 RELATIONAL APPROACHES TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT 376. Anne Roes career development theory was based on the work of a. Carl Rogers. b. Donald Super. c. John Holland. d. Sigmund Freud. Ans: D PG:327 Ans: D PG:327 Ans: D PG:327 377. Psychoanalysis is the

1 Ans: B PG:356 1 Ans: B PG:356 1 Ans: B PG:356 CHAPTER 13 KRUMBOLTZS SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY 418. Which of these is NOT a part of the triadic reciprocal interaction system? a. behaviors b. environment c. insight d.

1 CHAPTER 14 SOCIAL COGNITIVE CAREER THEORY 442. Which of the following theories most emphasizes cognitive processes? a. Savickass career construction theory b. Holland's theory c. social cognitive career theory d. Tiedeman's career decision-making theory Ans: C PG:377 Ans: C PG:377 Ans: C

CHAPTER 15 CAREER DECISION-MAKING THEORY 468. Professor X has developed a theory of career decision-making that he feels would help all students make better career choices. His approach would best be called a. descriptive. b. existential. c. prescriptive. d. sequential. Ans: C PG:399 Ans: C PG:399

CHAPTER 16 THEORIES IN COMBINATION 506. The contextually responsive career counseling system of Lapan and Turner includes all but ONE of the following theories or models? a. Vondraceks identity concepts b. Gottfredsons self-creation model c. Bloch and Richmonds spirituality model d. social cognitive career theory Ans: C PG:451

1 CHAPTER 2 TRAIT AND FACTOR THEORY 29. Research evidence exists to a. challenge Parsons's original ideas about career development. b. establish evidence for the reliability and validity of a large number of tests and inventories. c. support the superiority of general

1 CHAPTER 3 THE LABOR MARKET: SOCIOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES 67. The area of greatest occupational growth in the next 10 years in the U. S is most likely to be in a. agriculture. b. manufacturing. c. mining. d. health care. Ans:

CHAPTER 4 WORK ADJUSTMENT THEORY 99. According to work adjustment theory an employer would need to be certain to evaluate a worker's a. interests. b. satisfaction. c. satisfactoriness. d. values. Ans: C PG: 94 Ans: C PG: 94 Ans: C PG: 94 100. According

1 CHAPTER 5 HOLLAND'S THEORY OF TYPES 127. John Holland originally started his theory with a. psychometric findings about values. b. research on occupations. c. the research detailing specific principles used in work adjustment theory. d. the idea that career choice is an

CHAPTER 6 MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE THEORY 167. Myers-Briggs type theory is based on the work of a. Carl Jung. b. Carl Rogers. c. Frank Parsons. d. Sigmund Freud. Ans: A PG:143 Ans: A PG:143 Ans: A PG:143 168. Which of the following traits or factors

CHAPTER 7 CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDHOOD 194. The central concept in Super's developmental theory is a. education. b. personality. c. self-concept. d. work adjustment. Ans: C PG: 173 Ans: C PG: 173 Ans: C PG: 173 195. Which of the following theories emphasizes a

CHAPTER 8 ADOLESCENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT 228. Adolescents are able to approach career decision-making by using abstract thinking. Using Jean Piagets theory, which stage are they likely to be in? a. sensorimotor b. preoperational c. concrete operations d. formal operations Ans: D PG:204 Ans: D

CHAPTER 9 LATE ADOLESCENT AND ADULT CAREER DEVELOPMENT 260. Which of these is NOT one of Super's life roles? a. community service b. investing c. studying d. working Ans: B PG:234 Ans: B PG:234 Ans: B PG:234 261. Which of the following is

1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Career how individuals see themselves in relation to what they do; individuals work and leisure that take place over his/her life span. The lifetime pursuit of an individual. Career Choice applies to decisions that individuals make at any point in their

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION EXERCISE 1.1 REFLECTIONS ON WORK AND CAREER COUNSELING E. 1a. What was the worst job that you have ever had? __________________________________________________________ E. 1b. If you stayed at that job for 40 years, how would that affect your life? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS FOR APPLYING CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY TO COUNSELING-5E This section contains some discussion questions that you may wish to use either with large or small groups of students in your classes. Usually, I include only the questions, and have not used the phrase ask students if, though

CHAPTER 10 ADULT CAREER CRISES AND TRANSITIONS Ask the class to identify career crises and transitions in their own lives. Are these crises and transitions anticipated, unanticipated, chronic hassles, or non-events (pp. 264-265)? Are the transitions voluntary or involuntary? Schlossberg applies her 4Ss method

CHAPTER 10: ADULT CAREER CRISES AND TRANSITIONS Transition from a stage point of view, it is the movement from one stage to another, may be smooth. Crisis more negative term, a situation in which a person has to develop new methods of dealing with a problem that has

CHAPTER 10 ADULT CAREER CRISES AND TRANSITIONS EXERCISE 10.1 SCHOOL AND WORK EVENTS: CRISES AND TRANSITIONS E. 1. How did you adjust and react to the following transitions and events? E. 1a. Changing from middle school to high school. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ E. 1a.

CHAPTER 11 CONSTRUCTIVIST AND NARRATIVE APPROACHES TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT EXERCISE 11.1 YOUR LIFE IN BOOK CHAPTERS E. 1. Develop chapter titles for a story about your life. The chapter titles should represent accomplishments that are significant for you. Use about six to 10 chapter titles. After

PART III SPECIAL FOCUS THEORIES CHAPTER 11 CONSTRUCTIVIST AND NARRATIVE APPROACHES TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT Discuss with the class constructivism and the philosophy of modernism. How is constructivism similar to or different from the theories that have been studied

CHAPTER 11 CONSTRUCTIVIST AND NARRATIVE APPROACHES TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT Constructivism Psychological approach that has developed out of a philosophical position, postmodernism, which believes that individuals construct or perceive their own reality or truth, and that there is no fixed truth. View individuals as creating their own

CHAPTER 12 RELATIONAL APPROACHES TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT ROES PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT THEORY Roes Occupational Classification System The theory predicts occupational selection based on individual differences, which are biological, sociological, and psychological. It focuses on psychological needs that develop between interaction of parent and child. Roe believed that people

CHAPTER 12 RELATIONAL APPROACHES TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT EXERCISE 12.1 RELATIONSHIPS AND CAREER CHOICE E. 1. In what ways has your mother (or other female parental figure) influenced or affected your career choice? (Roe, Parent-Child Care Interaction) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 12 RELATIONAL APPROACHES TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT Why do you think Roe's theory was not successful in predicting occupational entry from parental attitudes? If appropriate, ask students to identify their own attachment styles, using the descriptions on pages 329 and 330. What affect

CHAPTER 13 KRUMBOLTZS SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY EXERCISE 13.1 CAREER BELIEFS AND LEARNING EXPERIENCES E. 1. What types of learning experiences (both inside and outside of school) have affected your career choices? Examples may include watching others, doing certain types of tasks, and observations about yourself. (Learning

CHAPTER 13 KRUMBOLTZS SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY Please give examples of career-related instrumental and associative learning experiences. Please give examples of self-observation generalizations about abilities, interests, values, and the world. How are these descriptions the same or different from trait and factor theory? Have

CHAPTER 13 KRUMBOLTZS SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY Banduras reinforcement theory and observational learning. Individuals personalities come more from their learning experiences than from their genetics. Triadic reciprocal interaction system interaction of the environment, personal factors (memories, beliefs, preferences, and self-perceptions), and actual behavior Krumboltzs Social Learning Theory

CHAPTER 14 SOCIAL COGNITIVE CAREER THEORY Based on Banduras social learning theory and triadic reciprocal interaction system. Similarities to Krumboltzs Social Learning Theory Both emphasize triadic reciprocal interaction system (focusing on environment, personal factors, and behaviors). Thoughts and feelings are a part of

CHAPTER 14 SOCIAL COGNITIVE CAREER THEORY EXERCISE 14.1 SELF-EFFICACY, OUTCOMES, AND GOALS E. 1. How has your judgment about your ability to do well academically changed over the past five years? (Self-Efficacy) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ E. 2. How has

CHAPTER 14 SOCIAL COGNITIVE CAREER THEORY Give examples of low and high career self-efficacy from your own or others experiences. Give examples of outcome expectations from your own or others experiences. How are self-efficacy and outcome expectations related to career self-efficacy? Give

CHAPTER 15 CAREER DECISION-MAKING APPROACHES Two categories of decision making models: Descriptive Theories - Describe or explain the choices that an individual makes when deciding on career choices; usually based on adolescent or adult decision making. Example: spiritual approach life and career are related.

CHAPTER 15 CAREER DECISION-MAKING APPROACHES EXERCISE 15.1 SPIRITUAL AND INTERNAL RESOURCES IN CAREER DEVELOPMENT E. 1. Why is it important that you make your own career choice rather than have a parent or someone else make it for you? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 15 CAREER DECISION-MAKING THEORY How do you make career choices? Which factors are most important to you? Have students, in small groups, describe their own career development using Bloch and Richmonds seven themes, which encompasses a spiritual approach to career decision-making (pp.

CHAPTER 16 THEORIES IN COMBINATION Pages 432-451 provide an outline that is more in depth than the Theory Outline at the beginning of each chapter. Each outline is followed by my view of strengths and weaknesses of each theory. My view is less important than your views and

CHAPTER 16 THEORIES IN COMBINATION EXERCISE 16.1 SUMMARY OF EXERCISES E. 1. Review the exercises in each of the previous chapters of this manual. List three of the ones that you would most likely use with a small group of clients that you might work with.

PART IV THEORETICAL INTEGRATION CHAPTER 16 THEORIES IN COMBINATION The text lists several advantages and disadvantages of [put in the name of a theory you wish to discuss]. Can you list others (432-451)? Discuss Turner and Lapans integrative theory, which makes

1 CHAPTER 2 TRAIT AND FACTOR THEORY EXERCISE 2.1 ABILITIES AND INTERESTS Please rank the types of work that are listed below. You need only to rank your top 5, but can rank more if you wish. Assign a (1) to the type of work that

PART I TRAIT AND TYPE THEORIES CHAPTER 2 TRAIT AND FACTOR THEORY What are the advantages and disadvantages of tests and inventories versus interview data in career counseling? What is the impact of achievement, interests, values, and personality

1 CHAPTER 2 TRAIT AND FACTOR THEORY Trait a characteristic of an individual that can be measured through assessment. Factor a characteristic required for successful job performance. Trait and factor the assessment of characteristics of the person and the job. Based on the work of Frank

CHAPTER 3 OCCUPATIONS: INFORMATION AND THEORY Labor market information about the U.S. labor market is plentiful and describes many aspects of employment and unemployment. Models or theories have been developed that point out inequities or obstacles in the labor market that may affect the earnings or success

CHAPTER 3 OCCUPATIONS: INFORMATION AND THEORY EXERCISE 3.1 SOCIOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES ON YOUR CAREER DEVELOPMENT E. 1. When you were in high school, what were the reasons that you worked part-time or did volunteer work? (If you list to make money, explain what you needed

1 CHAPTER 3 OCCUPATIONS: INFORMATION AND THEORY Is the labor market a market that is fair to all individuals? What affect does a poor economy have on an individuals career choice? Politicians often state that more education would lead to a

CHAPTER 4 WORK ADJUSTMENT THEORY Describe a few of your current work values or needs as listed in Table 4-1 on page 98. In the groups, have students explain how these values or needs have been met in current or past work. Why

CHAPTER 4: WORK ADJUSTMENT THEORY Most applicable to adults who wish to make career choices or are experiencing work adjustment problems. Consists of 18 propositions and corollaries which predict work adjustment. Work Adjustment a continuous and dynamic process by which a worker seeks to achieve and

CHAPTER 4 WORK ADJUSTMENT THEORY EXERCISE 4.1 WORK NEEDS AND JOBS E. 1. Rank the five needs that are most important to you in working on a job. Assign the number (1) to the most important and the number (2) to the next most important, and

CHAPTER 5 HOLLANDS THEORY OF TYPES Career choice and career adjustment represents an extension of a persons personality. Stereotypes peoples impressions and generalizations about work. Holland uses this to assess personality. Holland assigns both people and work environments to specific categories. THE SIX TYPES

CHAPTER 5 HOLLAND'S THEORY OF TYPES To demonstrate Holland's six types, write each letter on a separate piece of paper. Put the six Holland letters in six different places in the classroom. Ask the class members to select their most significant Holland type. Then

CHAPTER 5 HOLLANDS THEORY OF TYPES EXERCISE 5.1 PERSONALITY TYPE AND OCCUPATIONS Please rank the six boxes of activities and the six boxes of occupations that you like best. Rank each group in each column from 1 to 6 on the next page, with 1 being

CHAPTER 6 MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE THEORY Not designed to be a theory of career development, but a theory of personality that focuses on decision-making styles. The two most basic concepts are perception-judgment and extraversion-introversion. PERCEIVING AND JUDGING Two ways of PERCEIVING Sensing: Taking in

CHAPTER 6 MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE THEORY EXERCISE 6.1 HOW DO YOU MAKE DECISIONS? Part One How Do You View Events and Circumstances in Your Life? From the two boxes below, circle those characteristics that best fit you. Box 1 Box 2 Present

CHAPTER 6 MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE THEORY If students are unfamiliar with Myers-Briggs typology, they may have difficulty with the abstract nature of the concepts. It may be helpful to divide them into dyads or small groups where they discuss examples of how they used "perceiving" and

SAMPLE ESSAY EXAMINATION QUESTIONS APPLYING CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY TO COUNSELING-6E 1. List two important aspects of a theory. (ch.1) 2. List three propositions that describe Parsons's approach to career selection. (ch. 2) 3. Don has decided to become a chemical

CHAPTER 7 CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDHOOD EXERCISE 7.1 CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDHOOD (SUPER) E. 1. When you were in kindergarten, first grade, and second grade what were you curious about? (Curiosity) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ E. 2. Give an example of magical thinking about

CHAPTER 7 CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDHOOD Career-related issues that affect child until age of 12. SUPERS MODEL OF THE CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN Curiosity: Desire for knowledge or something new or unusual Most basic of all needs and drives Curiosity may develop when

PART II LIFE-SPAN THEORY CHAPTER 7 CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDHOOD Have the class write down their own career choices prior to age eight and at ten or eleven. Discuss what was important in these choices. Use Figure 7-1, page 172,

CHAPTER 8 ADOLESCENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT Educational commitments to career choices are made during adolescence. This chapter describes how cognitive and emotional factors bear on career decisions of adolescents. FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOLESCENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT Piagets stages of cognitive development Formal thought, the ability to think abstractly, ability

CHAPTER 8 ADOLESCENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT EXERCISE 8.1 CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN ADOLESCENCE (SUPER) E. 1. Describe an example of when interests in activities or occupations affected your career choices (perhaps around the age of 11). (Development of Interests) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ E. 2.

CHAPTER 8 ADOLESCENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT In small groups, have students describe their career choices at age 9 or 10 (4th or 5th grade), 13 or 14 (8th or 9th grade), and 16-17 (11th or 12th grade). Discuss in the group how their choices reflect

CHAPTER 9 LATE ADOLESCENT AND ADULT CAREER DEVELOPMENT With the entire class or in small groups, have students describe roles which were important to them in high school. How has the salience of these roles changed? Have students examine their participation in, commitment to, and

CHAPTER 9 LATE ADOLESCENT AND ADULT CAREER DEVELOPMENT Supers two major concepts life role and life stage (values are also important) ROLE SALIENCE People have differences in terms of the importance of work to them. Importance of work can also vary depending on their state in

CHAPTER 9 LATE ADOLESCENT AND ADULT CAREER DEVELOPMENT EXERCISE 9.1 LIFE ROLES E. 1. This exercise will help you determine which life roles are most important to you (Supers Role Salience) What percent of your time in the last month have you spent in

Cara is retiring from her job as a welder. She has few plans, but would like activities where she could keep busy all of the time, tell others what to do, be looked up to by others, and be recognized for her contributions as a volunteer. Her plans can most

Which theory provides a theoretical model for supplementing Super's theory of adolescent career development a. Myers-Briggs Type theory b. Howard and Walsh c. trait and factor theory d. work adjustment theory Answer: B Answer: B Answer: B The self-knowledge domain of cognitive information processing is most similar to a. Holland's concept of congruence. b. Myers-Briggs Type theory's concept of

Which of the following is a principal of career counseling ethical codes? a. advice b. autonomy c. authority d. astuteness Answer: B Answer: B Answer: B Which of the following statements might be used when developing descriptions of value patterns that are associated with a specific occupation? a. I could work on the job with others. b. I like

George has said: My football coach has suggested that I look for an athletic scholarship at a major university for next year@. According to Phillips's developmental career relational model, this is an example of a. forced guidance. b. insecure use of others. c. push/nudge. d. unconditional support. Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C In narrative counseling, a counselor

Vanessa works as a cashier at a grocery store She tells her counselor that the friends that she has met at work mean much more to her than the work itself, as she dislikes her job. This statement fits most closely with this theory: a. attachment theory b. Blustein's relational theory of working c. Roe's

Helping clients respect their lives and process their decisions is recommended by a. cognitive information processing theory. b. a spiritual approach to career development. c. Myer-Briggs type theory. d. work adjustment theory. Answer: B Answer: B Answer: B Screening methods are often used in career counseling to a. decide which theories should be used in career counseling. b. evaluate

In using a vocational card sort, a counselor using personal narrative career counseling would be likely to a. compute percent of Aaccepts@, Amaybes@, and Arejects@ cards. b. give clients occupational information on Aaccepts@ cards. c. inquire about reasons clients have for accepting cards. d. total results from an interest inventory and combine them with

Which of the following is a dimension of career adaptability in Savickas's career construction theory? a. consistency b. congruence c. control d. crisis management Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C Counseling helping skills are a. not used in career counseling. b. the same as career development theory. c. applicable to career counseling. d. skills used in normal conversation. Answer: C Answer: C Answer:

Which of the following statements might be used in a measure of value patterns that are associated with different occupations? a. I could help others with personal problems. b. I know how to help others with personal problems. c. Workers on this job help others with personal problems. d. Workers on this job frequently must

Which of the following theories most emphasizes cognitive processes? a. Savickas's career construction theory b. Holland's theory c. social cognitive career theory d. Tiedeman's career decision-making theory Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C Which of the following theories has been least successful in explaining career development? a. Gottfredson's theory. b. Holland's theory. c. Roe's theory. d. Super's theory. Answer: C Answer: C Answer:

Professor X has developed a theory of career decision-making that he feels would help all students make better career choices. His approach would best be called a. descriptive. b. existential. c. prescriptive. d. sequential. Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C According to work adjustment theory an employer would need to be certain to evaluate a worker's a. interests. b.

Information on gender and pay shows that a. men tend to earn more while women earn less. b. women tend to earn more while men earn less. c. women tend to enter highly paid professions. d. women receive high salaries early in their careers. Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A In Savickas's career construction theory the client's

Providing a support rather than a barrier to clients who struggle with career choice issues is a counseling technique used by this theory. a. Holland's theory b. Krumboltz's social learning theory c. social cognitive career theory d. work adjustment theory Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C Betsy and her counselor compose a detailed life history in the

Actions of others is a concept that is associated with this theory. a. Gottfredson's theory b. Holland's theory c. Phillips's theory d. work adjustment theory Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C Grace is 13 and has learned a lot about skateboarding. Which of the following indicators of the salience of life roles best describes her? a. commitment b. knowledge c.

The Parent Involved Career Exploration Counseling Process (PICE) was developed by studying a. children's views of their relationships with parents. b. childhood recollections of a sample of adult workers. c. examining conversations between parents and their own children. d. parents' views of how they raise their children. Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C When clients discuss their

Screening methods are NOT used in counseling to a. find which individuals can benefit most from career counseling b. provide career counseling for students who are planning to look for work as soon as they have graduated from high school. c. separate clients into groups so that appropriate interventions can be provided depending

Enthusiasm for change is characteristic of this approach to career counseling: a. cognitive information processing theory. b. a spiritual approach to career development. c. Phillips's developmental relational model. d. work adjustment theory. Answer: B Answer: B Answer: B Which of the following is NOT one of the six values important to work adjustment theory? a. altruism b. responsibility c. status d.