CHAPTER 13
KRUMBOLTZ’S SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
418. Which of these is NOT a part of the triadic reciprocal interaction system?
a. behaviors
b. environment
c. insight
d. preferences and self perceptions
419. Krumboltz’s social learning theory differs from other career development theories because of its
emphasis on
a. learning experiences.
b. career maturity.
c. career choice.
d. relationships.
420. In his approach to social learning theory, Krumboltz states that all but one of these factors influence
career decision making.
a. environmental conditions
b. social conditions
c. genetic endowment
d. identity conditions
421. Ramona has learned about being a police officer by being in the National Guard. According to
Krumboltz, this is an example of a(an)
a. associative learning experience.
b. instrumental learning experience.
c. self efficacy.
d. none of the above.
422. Ramone has learned about being a history teacher by tutoring small children. According to Krumboltz,
this is an example of a (an)
a. associative learning experience.
b. instrumental learning experience.
c. self efficacy skill.
d. none of the above.
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423. Troy has learned about being a cost estimator by hearing his father discuss his work at home.
According to Krumboltz, this is an example of a(an)
a. associative learning experience.
b. instrumental learning experience.
c. random skills.
d. none of the above.
424. Peter has learned about being a firefighter by watching firefighters on the evening news. According
to Krumboltz, this is an example of a(an)
a. associative learning experience.
b. instrumental learning experience.
c. random skills.
d. none of the above.
425. Otto, in considering the occupation of social worker, is clarifying his values. According to Krumboltz,
this is an example of a(an)
a. associative learning experience.
b. instrumental learning experience.
c. task-approach skill.
d. none of the above.
426. Jade is considering being a web site designer. She has examined many web sites , made a few herself,
and has talked to web site designers that one of her teachers knows. According to Krumboltz, this is an
example of a(an)
a. associative learning experience.
b. instrumental learning experience.
c. task-approach skill.
d. none of the above.
427. Counselor X comments on Roger’s self-observation generalizations about Roger‘s religious values.
Counselor X is most likely conceptualizing from the point of view of
a. cognitive information processing theory.
b. Krumboltz’s social learning theory.
c. social cognitive career theory.
d. work adjustment theory.
428. Counselor Z comments on Rita’s generalizations about Rita’s view of people with disabilities.
Counselor Z is most likely conceptualizing from the point of view of
a. cognitive information processing theory.
b. Krumboltz’s social learning theory.
c. social cognitive career theory.
d. work adjustment theory.
429. This statement from a counselor, “Your A grade on the math test is a great accomplishment for you
and one that you have worked hard towards achieving” could be classified by Krumboltz as
a. a comment on an associative learning experience.
b. a comment on an instrumental learning experience.
c. a task-approach skill.
d. reinforcement.
430. Client: Police work is always exciting.
Counselor: What information do you have that tells you that?
The counselor is using an approach most similar to
a. a spiritual perspective.
b. Holland’s theory.
c. Krumboltz’s social learning theory.
d. work adjustment theory.
431. Which of the following is NOT a behavioral technique as described by Krumboltz?
a. goal clarification
b. role playing
c. simulation
d. using role models
432. When a counselor asks a client to pretend to interview for a job, and the counselor pretends to be an
employer, the counselor is
a. countering a troublesome belief.
b. using cognitive rehearsal.
c. using role playing.
d. reinforcing the client.
433. Which of the following techniques is not a cognitive technique used in Krumboltz’s career counseling?
a. countering troublesome beliefs
b. cognitive rehearsal
c. goal clarification
d. reinforcement
434. Which of the following techniques is not a cognitive technique used in career counseling?
a. countering troublesome beliefs
b. cognitive rehearsal
c. goal clarification
d. simulation
435. Helping high school students experience jobs through the use of job experience kits is a form of
a. challenging beliefs.
b. goal clarification.
c. reinforcement.
d. simulation.
436. Krumboltz’s happenstance learning theory emphasizes’
a. the importance of taking advantage of unplanned events.
b. being aware of clients’ self-efficacy.
c. listening to the harmony within oneself.
d. rewriting the story of one’s’ lives.
437. Adapting to planned happenstance is a feature of
a. Holland’s theory.
b. Krumboltz’s social learning theory.
c. social cognitive career theory.
d. work adjustment theory.
438. Which of the following is NOT an important aspect of happenstance learning theory?
a. curiosity
b. flexibility
c. harmony
d. risk taking
439. Which of the following is NOT an important aspect of happenstance learning theory?
a. flexibility
b. persistence
c. risk taking
d. self-efficacy
440. According to Krumboltz, which of the following is not a counseling method for dealing with chance
events?
a. Assist clients to transform curiosity into opportunities for learning and exploration.
b. Assist clients to develop harmony and unity in their lives.
c. Teach clients to produce desirable chance events.
d. Teach clients to overcome blocks to actions.
441. According to Krumboltz, which of the following is NOT a counseling method for dealing with chance
events?
a. Assist clients to transform curiosity into opportunities for learning and exploration.
b. Assist clients to develop a sense of self-efficacy.
c. Teach clients to produce desirable chance events.
d. Teach clients to overcome blocks to actions