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CHAPTER 5
HOLLAND’S THEORY OF TYPES
127. John Holland originally started his theory with
a. psychometric findings about values.
b. research on occupations.
c. the research detailing specific principles used in work adjustment theory.
d. the idea that career choice is an extension of peoples personalities.
128. John Holland’s theory of career development can best be described as
a. matching categories of people’s personalities to categories of occupations.
b. matching people to occupations by assessing their values and abilities.
c. predicting later career choice from parental child raising behavior.
d. predicting later career choice from parental occupational selection.
129. Someone who very much enjoys playing the accordion is expressing an interest in this environment.
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Investigative
e. Social
130. Enjoying organizing financial data suggests this environment.
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Investigative
e. Social
131. Enjoying working with people by helping them learn suggests an interest in this environment.
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Investigative
e. Social
132. Enjoying working with people by persuading them to buy a new house suggests an interest in this
environment.
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Investigative
e. Social
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133. Clara enjoys fixing cars and understanding how they work. She would like to learn how to improve
the design of automobile engines and to work on developing better ignition systems. Her Holland
personality type is most likely to be
a. Artistic and Investigative.
b. Conventional and Investigative.
c. Enterprising and Investigative.
d. Realistic and Investigative.
134. Interest in Artistic and Investigative Holland themes can be best described as
a. congruent.
b. consistent.
c. incongruent.
d. inconsistent.
135. A motor repair business most closely fits this environment.
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Realistic
136. Discovering a cure for cancer most closely fits this Holland type.
a. Conventional
b. Enterprising
c. Investigative
d. Realistic
137. People who like to persuade others about the usefulness of their own political ideas are most likely to
be
a. Artistic.
b. Conventional.
c. Enterprising.
d. Realistic.
138. Individuals working as curators in museums are most likely to be
a. Artistic.
b. Conventional.
c. Enterprising.
d. Social.
139. Sales managers are most likely to prefer this environment
a. Conventional.
b. Enterprising.
c. Investigative
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d. Social
140. Individuals who like to manage financial details are most likely to prefer this environment
a. Artistic.
b. Conventional.
c. Enterprising.
d. Investigative.
141. A person who likes music is likely to be with the duties of a violinist.
a. congruent
b. consistent
c. differentiated
d. identified
142. Marquita likes to type and use spread sheet programs; she is likely to be most with a
conventional environment.
a. congruent
b. consistent
c. differentiated
d. identified
143. Brenda has enjoyed teaching and music but little else. Her interests are
a. consistent.
b. differentiated.
c. incongruent.
d. undifferentiated.
144. Besides the Self Directed Search, the research instrument that is most frequently used when doing
research on Holland’s theory is the
a. California Personality Inventory.
b. Myers Briggs Inventory.
c. NEO-Five Factor Model.
d. Values Scale.
145. In Holland’s theory, the concept of identity is used to measure
a. how different one type is from another.
b. the clarity and stability of a person’s goals.
c. the similarity of two Holland types.
d. the importance of matching personality and environment.
(THE NEXT FIVE QUESTIONS ARE DESIGNED TO BE USED AS A UNIT) Melvin has been an
accountant for 26 years. He enjoys keeping personal and office files in an organized fashion. His favorite
television programs are about the daily changes in the stock market. However, his son Jake enjoys the
theater and acting. He has been in several high school and college theater productions. Jake wants to
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continue in his theatrical career, but Melvin believes his son is not being practical. Jake has helped his
father with accounting issues during summer and winter vacations but dislikes accounting, finding it boring.
Apply Holland’s theory in answering these questions.
146. Melvin’s interests and personality most closely fit this Holland type.
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Investigative
e. Social
147. Jake’s interests and personality most closely fit this Holland type.
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Investigative
e. Realistic
148. Jake’s interests and personality are with his current part-time work environment.
a. compatible
b. congruent
c. incompatible
d. incongruent
149. Jake’s participation in accounting and art could best be described using Holland’s theory as
a. consistent.
b. moderately inconsistent.
c. inconsistent.
d. stereotyped.
150. Melvin has a clear and stable view of his future, while Jake’s is unclear. This concern about certainty
about future goals is referred to by Holland as the concept of
a. congruence.
b. consistency.
c. differentiation.
d. identity
(THE NEXT FIVE QUESTIONS ARE DESIGNED TO BE USED AS A UNIT.) Donna has been a high
school science teacher for 20 years. Her interest has been primarily in the teaching aspects of her work
rather than in biology, her primary subject matter responsibility. She has also coached volley ball, an
assignment that she has very much enjoyed. Her daughter Carol is also interested in biology, as well as
chemistry. However, she also is interested in art. A good student Carol would like to go to college next
year where she can start a pre-med program. Donna is supportive of Carol’s plans. To start to save money,
Carol has started to work part-time as a bank teller, a job that she finds tedious and boring. Apply Holland’s
theory in answering these questions.
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151. Donna’s interests and personality most closely fit this Holland type.
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Investigative
e. Social
152. Carol’s interests and personality most closely fit this Holland type.
a. Conventional
b. Enterprising
c. Investigative
d. Realistic
e. Social
153. Carol’s interests and personality are __________ with her current part-time work environment as a
bank teller.
a. compatible
b. congruent
c. incompatible
d. incongruent
154. Carol’s interests in science and art could best be described using Holland’s theory as
a. consistent.
b. moderately inconsistent.
c. inconsistent.
d. stereotyped.
155. Donna has a clear and stable view of her future, while Carol’s is unclear. This concern about certainty
about future goals is referred to by Holland as the concept of
a. congruence.
b. consistency.
c. differentiation.
d. identity.
156. Eliza enjoys all her subjects and does well in them. There is very little that she dislikes. Now that he
is a freshman in college, she has no idea of what program of study to choose. According to Holland, which
term best describes Eliza’s dilemma?
a. congruent
b. differentiated
c. incongruent
d. undifferentiated
157. Brenda has known that she has wanted to be an accountant since she was in sixth grade. Most of her
interests focus on organizing detail and working with numbers. According to Holland, which term best
describes Brenda’s situation?
a. consistent
b. differentiated
c. incongruent
d. undifferentiated
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158. The Acme Baking Company is looking for a manager that can manage a sales force, direct production,
make credit decisions, supervise the bookkeeping staff, and develop new products. According to Holland,
which term best describes this working environment?
a. congruent
b. differentiated
c. incongruent
d. undifferentiated
159. Elvis is getting tired of his job on an assembly line where he assembles the same parts over and over
again. According to Holland, which term best describes this working environment?
a. congruent
b. differentiated
c. incongruent
d. undifferentiated
160. Continually, Elvis must put tiny screws into a machine part and tighten them. This working
environment fits which Holland environment?
a. Artistic
b. Conventional
c. Enterprising
d. Investigative
e. Realistic
161. The environment that is most congruent with an RIS personality is
a. ACE.
b. ECA.
c. RIS.
d. SIR.
162. Which of these pairs of Holland types is the most consistent?
a. RI.
b. CA
c. SR
d. EI
163. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that Holland’s theory has generated so much
research?
a. The terms are defined clearly and simply.
b. Longitudinal research is not required.
c. His theory has more predictive validity than work adjustment theory.
d. His concepts relate directly to practice.
164. Holland’s theory can be used to
a. classify occupational literature.
b. conceptualize individual types.
c. conceptualize environments.
d. all of these
165. Whether measured by the Vocational Preference Inventory or the Self Directed Search, women usually
score higher than men on which of the following types?
a. Artistic
b. Enterprising
c. Investigative
d. Realistic
166. Which of the following theories is concerned with the concept of vocational identity?
a. general trait and factor theory
b. Holland’s theory
c. Myers-Briggs type theory
d. work adjustment theory