CHAPTER 8
ADOLESCENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT
228. Adolescents are able to approach career decision-making by using abstract thinking. Using Jean
Piaget’s theory, which stage are they likely to be in?
a. sensorimotor
b. preoperational
c. concrete operations
d. formal operations
229. Which of the following of Jean Piaget’s stages most closely corresponds to Erik Erikson’s identity
stage?
a. sensorimotor
b. preoperational
c. concrete operations
d. formal operations
230. According to Super, children at the age of 7 to 10 are most likely to base career choices on
a. capacities
b. fantasies
c. interests
d. values
231. A child who considers becoming an actor after watching a movie is most likely in which one of
Super’s stages of career development.
a. capacities
b. interests
c. transition
d. values
232. Harlene has always wanted to be a country and western singer. She has now realized that her singing
voice is not of sufficient quality to become a professional singer. Harlene is most likely in which of these
stages of Super’s theory of career development?
a. capacities
b. fantasies
c. interests
d. values
233. Arthur very much wants to help disadvantaged youth and, in general, wants to help adolescents.
Arthur is most likely in which of these stages of Super’s theory of career development?
a. capacities
b. fantasies
c. interests
d. values
234. Amy is concerned about the effect that global warming is having on living things. Amy is most likely
in which of these stages of Super’s theory of career development?
a. capacities
b. fantasies
c. interests
d. values
235. Which of the following theorists examined how adolescent career development changes with age?
a. Myers
b. Gottfredson
c. Holland
d. Super
236. Which of Super’s concepts of career maturity covers how much a student feels that he or she knows?
a. Career planning
b. Decision-making
c. Knowledge of the preferred occupational group
d. World-of-work information
237. Tara is a tenth grader who actively reads career information and asks her parent’s friends about their
career. This behavior is best described by Super’s concept of
a. Career exploration.
b. Decision-making.
c. Knowledge of the preferred occupational group.
d. World-of-work information.
238. Devon knows how to make career plans and choices for the immediate future. This behavior is best
described by Super’s concept of
a. Career exploration.
b. Decision-making.
c. Knowledge of the preferred occupational group.
d. World-of-work information.
239. Dora says that her father will tell her what to do and she doesn’t need to make career choices. Her
behavior is best described by Super’s concept of
a. Career exploration.
b. Decision-making.
c. Knowledge of the preferred occupational group.
d. World-of-work information.
240. Helga has a good idea of why people change jobs and how they get important information about jobs.
Helga’s thinking is best described by Super’s concept of
a. Career exploration.
b. Decision-making.
c. Knowledge of the preferred occupational group.
d. World-of-work information.
241. Harmon doesn’t now how people find out about jobs or how they get occupational information.
Harmon’s thinking is best described by Super’s concept of
a. Career exploration.
b. Decision-making.
c. Knowledge of the preferred occupational group.
d. World-of-work information.
242. Ervin, 11-years-old is considering work in the health care field. He is aware of some of his academic
and other skills, but he is still unsure of what field he may enter. According to Howard and Walsh he would
be at this level of vocational reasoning.
a. pure association.
b. magical thinking.
c. internal processes and capacities.
d. systemic interaction.
243. Kelvin is becoming aware of his social values and is considering the ministry as a career. According
to Howard and Walsh he is probably at this level of vocational reasoning.
a. magical thinking.
b. interaction.
c. realism.
d. world-of-work information.
244. Howard is a 15 year-old sophomore in high school. He has no idea what he wants to do when he
graduates from high school. According to Super, the counselor should first assess his _____________
before starting counseling.
a. career maturity
b. interests
c. values
d. abilities
245. Jacob is a senior in high school who is not sure of what he would like to do when he graduates. He is
not knowledgeable about work, career decision-making, and career planning. According to Super, his
counselor should first assess his
a. career maturity.
b. fantasies.
c. interests.
d. personality.
246. Vondracek’s developmental-contextual career theory focuses on identity and
a. cultural or environmental factors.
b. disengagement or retirement.
c. resolution of vocational maturity.
d. withdrawal from society.
247. Developmental contextual theory represents the ideas of
a. Erickson.
b. Holland.
c. Super.
d. Vondracek.
248. Jama says “I like to help others learn languages and about other cultures.” This is an example of
Super’s concept of
a. chalktalk.
b. occtalk.
c. psychtalk.
d. smalltalk.
249. Jama says “I would like to be a foreign language teacher.“ This is an example of Super’s concept of
a. chalktalk.
b. occtalk.
c. psychtalk.
d. smalltalk.
250. The concept most similar to career maturity is
a. Erikson’s vocational identity.
b. Holland’s consistency.
c. Holland’s congruence.
d. work adjustment theory’s occupational reinforcers.
251. Which of Erik Erikson’s stages have had the most influence on the study of career development in
adolescence?
a. anal stage
b. fantasy stage
c. identity
d. role formation stage
252. Howard and Walsh’s level of systemic interaction is most similar to Vondracek or Marcia’s stage of?
a. achievement
b. diffusion
c. foreclosure
d. moratorium
253. Kaylie has decided that she will be an engineer because her parents are engineers. She has not thought
much about other occupations. According to Marcia, she is in the stage.
a. achievement
b. diffusion
c. foreclosure
d. moratorium
254. Eric is not sure he knows what he wants to do when he graduates high school. He feels this is an
unimportant issue that only his parents are concerned about. Eric is in which one of Marcia’s stages?
a. achievement
b. diffusion
c. foreclosure
d. moratorium
255. Vonda wants to take a year off between high school and college to clear her mind. Vonda is in which
one of Marcia’s stages?
a. achievement
b. diffusion
c. foreclosure
d. moratorium
256. Bonita is uncertain of what she will do when she graduates college. She wants to take a semester off
to find out. Bonita is in which one of Marcia’s stages?
a. achievement
b. diffusion
c. foreclosure
d. moratorium
257. Jamal has decided to major in economics and plans to go to business school, a career choice that has
depended on Jamal’s thoughtfulness. Jamal is in which one of Marcia’s stages?
a. achievement
b. diffusion
c. foreclosure
d. moratorium
258. Sharon has decided to major in animal science and plans to be a veterinarian. Sharon is in which one
of Marcia’s stages?
a. achievement
b. diffusion
c. foreclosure
d. moratorium
259. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
a. Gender-role stereotyping is common among children, but not adolescents.
b. Gender-role stereotyping is common among adolescents, but not children.
c. Gender-role stereotyping is common among adolescents and children.
d. Gender-role stereotyping is uncommon among adolescents and children.