Archives: Quiz

What is true of the fossil record of mammalian origins? A) It shows that mammals and birds evolved from the same kind of dinosaur. B) It includes transitional forms with progressively specialized teeth. C) It indicates that mammals and dinosaurs […]

Which of the following can be found in the mesohyl of a sponge? 1. amoebocytes 2. spicules 3. spongin 4. zygotes 5. choanocytes A) 1 and 2 B) 2, 3, 4 C) 1, 2, 3, and 4 D) 1, 2, […]

Recent genetic studies of the structure of microsporidian genomes, as well as the sequences of their tubulin genes and the gene for RNA polymerase II, indicate that microsporidians are closely related to the fungi. Microsporidians lack flagella, centrioles, peroxisomes, and […]

What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated above? A) 8 B) 10 C) 11 D) 16 The adaptive advantage associated with the filamentous nature of fungal mycelia is primarily related to _____. A) the […]

Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between _____. A) choosing how many offspring to produce over the course of a lifetime and how long to live B) producing large numbers of gametes when employing internal fertilization versus fewer numbers of gametes […]

Which of the following is an example of a commensalism? A) fungi residing in plant roots, such as endomycorrhizae B) bacteria fixing nitrogen in plants C) rancher ants that protect aphids in exchange for sugar-rich honeydew D) cattle egrets eating […]

If you experimentally increase the concentration of K+ inside a cell while maintaining other ion concentrations as they were, what would happen to the cell’s membrane potential? A) The membrane potential would become more negative. B) The membrane potential would […]

CAP is said to be responsible for positive regulation of the lac operon because _____. A) CAP binds cAMP B) CAP binds to the CAP-binding site C) CAP prevents binding of the repressor to the operator D) CAP bound to […]

Innate immunity _____. A) is activated immediately upon infection B) depends on an infected animal’s previous exposure to the same pathogen C) is based on recognition of antigens that are specific to different pathogens D) is found only in vertebrate […]

Pollen from a plant with the S1S2 genotype is recognized and allowed to germinate on the stigma of the same plant with the S1S2 genotype. According to the S-system hypothesis, this indicates that the plant is _____. A) self-compatible and […]

A noncompetitive inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzyme reaction by _____. A) binding at the active site of the enzyme B) changing the shape of the enzyme’s active site C) changing the free energy change of the reaction D) […]

Which of the following would be the most effective strategy to remove toxic heavy metals from a soil? A) heavy irrigation to leach out the heavy metals B) application of sulfur to lower the soil pH and precipitate the heavy […]

The label on a container of margarine lists “hydrogenated vegetable oil” as the major ingredient. Hydrogenated vegetable oil _____. A) is solid at room temperature B) has more “kinks” in the fatty acid chains C) has fewer trans fatty acids […]

Two contraceptive methods that are generally irreversible and which block the gametes from moving to a site where fertilization can occur are _____. A) the male condom and female condom B) the male condom and oral contraceptives C) vasectomy and […]

Starting from a single individual, what is the size of a population of bacteria at the end of a two-hour time period if they reproduce by binary fission every twenty minutes? (Assume unlimited resources and no mortality.) A) 16 B) […]

Use the following information to answer the question(s) below. In 1983 a population of dark-eyed junco birds became established on the campus of the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), which is located many miles from the junco’s normal habitat […]

Which of the following can function in signal transduction in plants ? I) calcium ions II) nonrandom mutations III) receptor proteins IV) autochrome V) secondary messengers A) only I, III, and IV B) only I, II, and V C) only […]

When adult amphibian skin harbors populations of the bacterium, Janthinobacterium lividum (Jl), chytrid infection seems to be inhibited. Which of the following represents the best experimental design to test whether this inhibition is real? A) Inoculate uninfected amphibians with Jl, […]

Which of these is NOT an example of a parenchyma cell? A) cells that can form clones in tissue culture of plants B) support cells near the outside of nonwoody stems C) edible cells in fruits and vegetables D) tissue […]

Which of the following statements is a logical consequence of the second law of thermodynamics? A) If the entropy of a system increases, there must be a corresponding decrease in the entropy of the universe. B) If there is an […]

Constipation can result from the consumption of a substance that _____. A) promotes water reabsorption in the large intestine B) speeds up movement of material in the large intestine C) decreases water reabsorption in the small intestine D) stimulates peristalsis […]

Bonds between two atoms that are equally electronegative are _____. A) hydrogen bonds B) polar covalent bonds C) nonpolar covalent bonds D) ionic bonds Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs during _____. A) meiosis I only B) meiosis II only C) […]

A person with a tidal volume of 450 mL (milliliters), a vital capacity of 4000 mL, and a residual volume of 1000 mL would have a potential total lung capacity of _____. A) 1450 mL B) 4000 mL C) 4450 […]

Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is true? A) The cytoskeleton of eukaryotes is a static structure most resembling scaffolding used at construction sites. B) Although microtubules are common within a cell, actin filaments are rarely found outside […]

The reason that the steroid hormone aldosterone affects only a small number of cells in the body is that _____. A) only its target cells get exposed to aldosterone B) only its target cells contain aldosterone receptors C) it is […]

Besides sunlight, which would be the next most important climatic factors for terrestrial plants? A) wind and fire B) moisture and wind C) temperature and wind D) temperature and moisture One possible use of transgenic plants is in the production […]

You are working on a team that is designing a new drug. For this drug to work, it must enter the cytoplasm of specific target cells. Which of the following would be a factor that determines whether the molecule selectively […]

After eating a large meal, which nerves are most active in your digestive system? I) parasympathetic nerves II) somatic (motor) nerves III) sympathetic nerves A) only I B) only II C) only III D) only II and III Which of […]

On the back of your skull you can feel a small bump, below which is an opening where the spinal cord enters the skull. The location of this opening toward the bottom of the skull is significant in evolutionary biology […]

How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis? A) Theories are proposed to test scientific hypotheses. B) Theories are usually an explanation for a more general phenomenon; hypotheses typically address more specific issues. C) Hypotheses are usually an […]

Formation of menisci, such as occurs in a tube filled with water, is an important factor in plant water movement. A meniscus is created by _____. A) the upward pull of gravity on the water column in the tube B) […]

During the inventory of bacterial genes present in the Sargasso Sea in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, a research team concluded that at least 1800 bacterial species were discovered. Based on what you know about this area, what would […]

To measure the population of lake trout in a 250-hectare lake, 400 individual trout were netted and marked with a fin clip, then returned to the lake. The next week, the lake was netted again, and out of the 200 […]

Post-translational modifications of proteins may include the _____. A) removal of introns B) addition of a 5″ cap C) addition of a poly-A tail D) addition of carbohydrates to form a glycoprotein You find a new species of worm and […]

Soon after the coelom begins to form, a researcher injects a dye into the coelom of a deuterostome embryo. Initially, the dye should be able to flow directly into the _____. A) blastopore B) blastocoel C) archenteron D) pseudocoelom The […]

In some rare salamander species, all individuals are females. Reproduction relies on those females having access to sperm from males of another species. However, the resulting embryos receive no genetic contribution from the males. In this case, the sperm appear […]

Which of these are spore-producing structures? A) sporophyte (capsule) of a moss B) antheridium of a moss or fern C) archegonium of a moss or fern D) gametophyte of a moss P680+ is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing […]

A covalent bond is likely to be polar when _____. A) one of the atoms sharing electrons is more electronegative than the other atom B) the two atoms sharing electrons are equally electronegative C) carbon is one of the two […]

Crossing over normally takes place during which of the following processes? A) meiosis II B) meiosis I C) mitosis D) mitosis and meiosis II The one-way flow of air along parabronchi makes what type of gas exchange mechanism possible, at […]

If you change the number of neutrons in an atom, you create _____. A) a cation B) an anion C) an isotope D) a different element The cells involved in innate immunity, whose absence increases the chances of developing malignant […]

Mutation is the only evolutionary mechanism that _____. A) does little to change allele frequencies B) is more important in eukaryotes than in prokaryotes C) happens in all populations D) has no effect on genetic variation You have a cube […]

The primary difference between estrous and menstrual cycles is that _____. A) the endometrium shed by the uterus during the estrous cycle is reabsorbed with no extensive fluid flow out of the body, whereas the shed endometrium of menstrual cycles […]

The specific relationship between a legume and its mutualistic Rhizobium strain probably depends on_____. A) each legume having a chemical dialogue with a fungus B) each Rhizobium strain having a form of nitrogenase that works only in the appropriate legume […]

The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different? A) Green and yellow wavelengths inhibit the absorption of red and blue wavelengths. B) Oxygen given off during photosynthesis interferes with […]

Darwin and Wallace were the first to propose _____. A) that evolution occurs B) a mechanism for how evolution occurs C) that Earth is older than a few thousand years D) natural selection as the mechanism of evolution A disease […]

Which of the following macromolecules leaves the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell through pores in the nuclear membrane? A) DNA B) amino acids C) mRNA D) phospholipids If gastrulation was blocked by an environmental toxin, then _____. A) cleavage would […]

Researchers have been studying a rare population of eighty-seven voles in an isolated area. Ten voles from a larger population were added to this isolated population. Besides having ten additional animals, what benefits are there to importing individuals? A) Additional […]

Elephants are not the most dominant species in African grasslands, yet they influence community structure. The grasslands contain scattered woody plants, but they are kept in check by the uprooting activities of the elephants. Take away the elephants, and the […]

Salmon eggs hatch in freshwater. The fish then migrate to the ocean (a hypertonic solution) and, after several years of feeding and growing, return to freshwater to breed. How can these organisms make the transition from freshwater to ocean water […]

Scientists have found that extracellular matrix components may induce specific gene expression in embryonic tissues such as the liver and testes. For this to happen there must be direct communication between the extracellular matrix and the developing cells. Which kind […]