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Why did Andrew Johnson resist the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the Fourteenth Amendment? A) Johnson felt that these laws did not grant equal rights to African Americans, and thus pushed for further legislation. B) Johnson strongly supported states’ […]

Why did the new colonists of Georgia demand slaves? A) Farmers were given so many acres of land that they felt they could not farm efficiently without slaves. B) The main crop of Georgiatobaccocould be cultivated only with slave labor. […]

The greatest inventor of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century America was ________. A) Cyrus Field B) Thomas A. Edison C) Henry Bessemer D) J. P. Morgan E) Eli Whitney Why was the Republican-controlled Congress elected in 1890 notable? A) It […]

Whose activities were essential to the establishment of a colonial alliance with the French? A) Thomas Paine B) John Adams C) John Dickinson D) Thomas Jefferson E) Benjamin Franklin What was one reason why Reagan won the 1980 presidential election? […]

Which was most common in determining whether a state supported the North or the South in the Civil War? A) ideology about slavery B) opinions about Lincoln’s presidency and whether he was a legitimate leader C) views on whether or […]

The most profitable commodity bought and sold in the upper tier of the southern states was ________. A) tobacco B) cotton C) slaves D) wheat E) corn Andrew Johnson was impeached by the House for his violation of the _______. […]

Which correctly describes the attitudes of southern yeoman farmers? A) They were staunch supporters of abolitionism even though they owned slaves. B) They listened sympathetically to abolitionist ideas but remained neutral. C) They paid little attention to the slave system […]

Lord Baltimore’s settlement in Maryland ________. A) became a successful feudal outpost in America B) declared war on Virginia in 1639 C) never succeeded in becoming a feudal society D) became a haven for persecuted Protestants E) successfully put into […]

The disarmament plan that the Truman administration proposed to the United Nations after World War II was called _______. A) the Potsdam Summit B) the Baruch Plan C) the Manhattan Project D) the Cold War Treaty E) containment For many […]

Why did the Sedition Act distress many Americans? A) It threatened their political right to disagree with and speak out against the government. B) It gave the Federalists too much power and reduced the Republicans’ power. C) It suspended free […]

The lives of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson provide strong evidence that ________. A) Puritans seldom disagreed on matters of theology B) Massachusetts Bay officials insisted on freedom of religious thought and expression C) Massachusetts Bay faced difficulties in creating […]

The Supreme Court’s decision in the Northern Securities case _____. A) paved the way for several other antitrust actions B) had little effect on the problem of trusts overall C) was opposed by Roosevelt himself D) affected only the smaller […]

How were American railroads different from European railroads? A) American railroads connected only major cities, whereas older European railroads connected small towns as well. B) European railroads employed workers from the upper class, whereas American railroad workers were from the […]

By 1960, the most racially integrated institution in American society was _______. A) the public high school system B) the private university system C) corporate America D) the armed forces E) Protestant churches Which of the following adjectives best describes […]

What was the most important responsibility facing the Second Continental Congress? A) to convince the colonists of the necessity for war B) to win loyalty from the Indians C) to organize the colonies for war D) to find a strong […]

________ came to symbolize the triumph of democracy in the 1820s. A) Henry Clay B) John C. Calhoun C) Daniel Webster D) Martin Van Buren E) Andrew Jackson Which of the following places events in the correct chronological order? A) […]

During the nineteenth century, the center of cotton production ________. A) moved westward B) moved eastward C) moved northward D) remained in the Southeast E) remained in the upper South How did the geography of the United States encourage isolationism […]

Because of its policy of religious toleration, ________ attracted unusual numbers of independent-minded people. A) Maryland B) Connecticut C) Pennsylvania D) New York E) Rhode Island What do supply-side economists believe? A) that the economy will recover without changing tax […]

In December 1775, Parliament passed the ________, which cut America off from international commerce. A) Declaratory Act B) Prohibitory Act C) Commerce Act D) Tea Act E) Trade Act The president most closely identified with the Era of Good Feeling […]

African-American soldiers did all of the following during the Civil War EXCEPT ________. A) serve in segregated units under white officers B) make a vital contribution to the North’s victory C) serve in integrated units under black officers D) participate […]

Why was “America” named after Amerigo Vespucci? A) Vespucci published a falsified travel account that convinced mapmakers that he had been the first European to reach the continent. B) Vespucci had been on Columbus’s last voyage, but unlike Columbus realized […]

The character of the first English settlements in the New World ________. A) remained remarkably similar throughout the seventeenth century B) differed from colony to colony because of government rules C) differed substantially from colony to colony from the very […]

The economic revolution in the United States between 1810 and 1840 was one of ________. A) design B) technology C) handwork D) production E) distribution Which issue led directly to Bacon’s Rebellion? A) the inability of the governor to take […]

Which of the following movements of the nineteenth century had the greatest influence on the development of the abolitionist movement? A) Cult of Domesticity B) extension of public education C) women’s rights movement D) temperance movement E) Second Great Awakening […]

American industrial growth was concentrated in the ________. A) Southwest B) Northeast C) Pacific D) Southeast E) Midwest How did Roger Williams’ religious ideas clash with those of the Puritans? A) Williams believed that settlers in the Massachusetts Bay Colony […]

How did the Missouri Compromise impact the future of North-South relations in the U.S.? A) It put off major conflict to a future time. B) It resolved major North-South conflicts about slavery. C) It increased North-South conflict about slavery. D) […]

Public schools in the 1870s and the 1880s ________. A) placed greater value on educating females B) vigorously stressed discipline and routine C) ignored moral, religious education D) emphasized egalitarianism between students and teachers E) were considered better than factories […]

Why were slave families in the upper South so often headed by women? A) They were following African traditions. B) Husbands often worked elsewhere. C) Mortality rates were unusually high there. D) Women tended to work inside the house. E) […]

In the 1880s and 1890s, the common-law doctrine of femme couverte ________. A) was revised to adapt to the changes of the period B) provided women with freedom in their marriages C) brought women new political rights D) was strongly […]

How did the advent of mass production change the lives of many Americans in the early twentieth century? A) Americans attained the highest standard of living in the world. B) There was an increase in racial harmony among U.S. workers. […]

In addition to reading, writing, and arithmetic, mid-nineteenth-century public schools taught ________. A) abolitionist ideals B) the Protestant ethic C) Catholicism D) the evils of industrialization E) the merits of science over religion In the 1580s, the English attempted to […]

Why did the Colored Farmers’ National Alliance end? A) A posse of white Southerners lynched fifteen strikers. B) The price of cotton increased significantly. C) Southern planters used strike breakers in the cotton fields. D) The Farmers’ Alliance expelled all […]

The election of 1796 was complicated by ________. A) changes in the nation’s voting laws B) interference from British diplomats C) behind-the-scenes manipulations by Alexander Hamilton D) Washington’s refusal to stay out of politics E) confusion over the differences between […]

What did Henry George propose as a solution to poverty in the modern society? A) to let nature take its evolutionary course B) to replace all taxes with a ‘single tax” on land C) a socialist utopia in which the […]

The ________ set new standards for mass production in the early twentieth century. A) Colt .45 revolver B) McCormick reaper C) Ford Model T D) General Electric oscillating fan E) phonograph What was the intent of many northerners who went […]

How did President Johnson antagonize Republicans in Congress? A) He called for an extension of the Freedmen’s Bureau. B) He supported a civil rights bill to guarantee equality for African Americans. C) He urged confiscation and redistribution of southern land. […]

Which identifies an important effect of the violent slave rebellion of 1831? A) White Southerners became more committed to quashing antislavery ideas. B) Many slaves were freed because their masters were afraid to remain part of the system. C) Organized, […]

What did the League of Nations do after the Italian invasion of Ethiopia? A) It protected the southern half of the country from Mussolini’s army. B) It halted Mussolini’s forces just before they crossed the Ethiopian border. C) It authorized […]

The Confederate 1863 victory at Chancellorsville cost the Confederacy the life of ________. A) Jefferson Davis B) “Stonewall” Jackson C) Robert E. Lee D) William Tecumseh Sherman E) Ulysses S. Grant Which was NOT a reason why Scandinavian outposts in […]

Which of the following best characterizes U.S.-Soviet relations during the war? A) especially close and trusting B) especially hostile, almost to the point of warfare C) strained by significant ideological differences D) hurt by the United States’ refusal to recognize […]

Actions in which area helped Truman win the 1948 election? A) the Cold War B) labor issues C) civil rights D) his handling of the Korean War E) New Deal reforms After General MacArthur’s victory at Inchon, Korea, Truman _______. […]

Which religiously liberal group of the early nineteenth century denied the doctrine of the Trinity? A) Presbyterians B) Congregationalists C) Unitarians D) Methodists E) Mormons What eventually solved the economic problems of seventeenth-century Virginia? A) the cultivation of tobacco B) […]

The boycott movement against the Stamp Act ________. A) had little effect on Great Britain B) mobilized colonial women to action C) ultimately hurt American businessmen more than British D) was opposed by New England businessmen E) was badly organized […]

Which of the following statements about the Whiskey Rebellion is FALSE? A) It took place in western Pennsylvania. B) It lent credence to fears of political violence against the government. C) It involved an attempt to prohibit the consumption of […]

Which statement best characterizes Sherman’s march through Georgia? A) Sherman defied Lincoln by refusing to implement a scorched-earth policy. B) Sherman destroyed almost anything of military or economic value in his path. C) Sherman destroyed cities, but was careful to […]

Which prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains? A) Navigation Act of 1772 B) Proclamation of 1763 C) Stamp Act of 1765 D) Townshend Acts of 1767 E) Settlement Act of 1765 Progressive reformers of the cities believed that […]

What is the significance of the adoption of a standard gauge for all railroads? A) It allowed all rails to be built of steel instead of inferior quality metal. B) It allowed trains to travel on all tracks, thus integrating […]

The typical way for most slaves to express discontent was ________. A) political protest B) open, armed rebellion C) passive resistance D) participation in conspiracies E) organizing boycotts Which is the best description of the most important message Richard Hakluyt’s […]

According to the authors, inequalities based on race were exacerbated by inequalities based on ________. A) gender B) religion C) country of origin D) distribution of resources E) education To what does the term “Iron Curtain” refer? A) the border […]

The temperance movement was like the abolition movement in ________. A) spawning Washingtonian societies B) being popular in both the North and the South C) being part of an international movement D) involving women and black activists in important roles […]