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Exercise 1. Earth Materials, Geologic Time, and Geological Processes INTRODUCTION AND NOTES FOR INSTRUCTOR The goal of this exercise is to introduce students to earth materials (minerals, rocks and regolith), the concept of geologic time, and a variety of geologic […]

– 1 – 2. Construction of a Topographic Profile. State the vertical scale and vertical exaggeration in the spaces provided. Horizontal scale is 1 inch equals 5280 feet (one mile), and the vertical scale is 1 inch equals 100 feet. […]

QUESTIONS 3, PART A 1. What is the SI unit for measuring: 2. Why might geoscientists not use SI Units in working with some maps produced in the United States? Most of the maps produced in the USA in the […]

Exercise 4, Introduction 1. Sketch representative topographic cross sections of volcanoes with high-viscosity, intermediate-viscosity, and low-viscosity lavas. 2. Refer to Figure 4.1 and Table 4.2, and describe briefly the volcanic products and hazards for both people and property that are […]

QUESTIONS 5, PART A Mount St. Helens: Topography Before and After 1. Figure 5.3a is a topographic map of Mount St. Helens prior to the eruption, and Figure 5.3b is a map of the mountain after the eruption. Compare these […]

Exercise 6 QUESTIONS PART A1 Epicenter 1. In Figure 6.2, use the time scale to determine the lag in arrival time between the P and S waves at four stations: St. Louis, Missouri (SLM); Bloomington, Indiana (BLO); Minneapolis, Minnesota (MNM); […]

Exercise 7 QUESTIONS 7, PART A1 1. a. Describe the geographic orientation (compass direction) of the faults shown in Figure 7.1. b. What is the large-scale geological process that is occurring in this part of California that accounts for fault […]

Exercise 8 QUESTIONS 8, PART A La Conchita, California Figure 8.4 shows a landslide that occurred in 1995 above the small town of La Conchita, California. This landslide reactivated in the wet winter of 2005, with disastrous consequences. Note the […]

QUESTIONS 9, PART A Refer to Table 9.1 to answer questions 1–5. 1. The most common types of deposits involved in ground water-induced subsidence are: 2. Would you expect these deposits to be consolidated (cemented and compacted to solid rock) […]

QUESTIONS (10, PART A) Flood Frequency in the Seattle/Tacoma area Questions 1-11 investigate recurrence intervals, 100-year floods, and changing flood frequencies for two watersheds in the state of Washington. These data are slightly modified from U.S. Geological 2. Use the […]

4. From this map, where would you expect most flood and mass-movement damage from the storm to occur? In the areas of maximum precipitation, and for flooding downstream from these areas. 5. Refer to discharge hydrographs (Figure 10.10) for selected […]

QUESTIONS 11, PART A Refer to Figure 11.1 to answer Questions 1 and 2. For Questions 7 and 8 you will need a sheet of tracing paper the size of the photos (about 4” by 8” ). (Questions 7–18 are […]

QUESTIONS 12, PART A Groundwater Hydrology 1. What is the average water-level gradient or slope along the eastern flow line of Figure 12.3 between the 200-ft and 50-ft contour? Give your answer in ft/ft and ft/mi and show your work. […]

QUESTIONS 13, PART A 1. Which of the major inorganic substances might indicate contamination by sewage? 2. What are the major inorganic substances discussed in Part A that may be detrimental to human health? Sodium – for those on a […]

QUESTIONS 14, PART A Two sets of analyses, from 1971 and 1997/1998 sediment cores, provide the opportunity to determine change in the Lake Erie system over time. We begin with the earlier study. 1. Using the 1971 data in Table […]

QUESTIONS 15, PART A 1. Using the data in Table 15.1, construct a water-table map (Figure 15.1). Begin by transferring the water- table elevations from Table 15.1 to the appropriate test hole locations in Figure 15.1. Then contour the 2. […]

QUESTIONS 16, PART A 1. a. On Figure 16.2 construct a map that shows the configuration of the water-level surface in March 1954, using a contour interval of 10 feet. Compare this map with Figure 16.1. What are the major […]

QUESTIONS 17, PART A Trashmore is a hypothetical city of about 40,000 in the Great Lakes region of North America. The gently rolling landscape has been glaciated and the regolith contains silty-clay till, outwash gravels, glacial lake deposits of clay, […]

QUESTIONS 18, PART A 1. Study Figure 18.1a, the oxygen isotope record for the Quelccaya Ice Cap in Peru. This ice cap is fed by moisture from the Amazon Basin. a. Were temperatures warmer or colder than the mean for […]

QUESTIONS Introduction II Geologic Hazards 1. Give the definition of a geologic hazard (in your own words or that provided in the Introduction). A 2. List 5 geologic hazards. Earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, floods, subsidence, coastal processes, tsunamis, unstable soils, and […]

Questions IV, Introduction 1. What is a geologic resource, according to the discussion in Geologic Resources? 2. Name one renewable and one non-renewable geologic resource. Renewable examples: water, carbonate sand, salts in the ocean, volcanic rock, soil, geothermal heat, tidal […]

QUESTIONS III 1. The Earth’s hydrologic or water cycle consists of several reservoirs for H2O connected by flows of water or water vapor. The typical textbook representation of the hydrologic cycle usually is a cross-section diagram of a small part […]