American Corrections in Brief 2nd Edition

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 True / False 1. The correctional system has no significant relationship to the outside community in which it functions. a. True b.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 1. States retaining indeterminate sentences allow mandatory release by the parole board within the boundaries set by the sentence and the penal law. a.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 1. A judicial order asking correctional officials to produce the prisoner and to give reasons to justify continued confinement is called a writ of_______________.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 1. When Americans are asked to identify the two or three most serious problems facing children, they cite a. school and peers. b.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 1. Modern probation was invented in the United States at the start of the twentieth century. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES:

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 True / False 1. Sentencing guidelines are an instrument used by judges in some jurisdictions as a means of determining what a typical sentence

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 True / False 1. One of the most startling facts about US jails is that more than half of their occupants are awaiting trial.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 True / False 1. Today in the United States, nongovernment agencies can also be used to administer community corrections programs. a. True

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 True / False 1. Typically the court orders the PSI after the offenders arraignment. a. True b. False ANSWER: False REFERENCES: The

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 True / False 1. Most prisons in the United States operate using the reintegration model of incarceration. a. True b. False ANSWER:

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 True / False 1. Inmates who are gleaning try to take advantage of prison programs to better themselves and improve their prospects for success

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 1. Which of the following terms is best described as the ability to obtain compliance by manipulating symbolic rewards? a. normative power b.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 1. Due to the rising US health costs, the increasing number of ____________ offenders may become a major problem for corrections within the next decade.

All of the following are ways in which those convicted in the United States are currently placed on probation, except a. direct probation sentence. b. suspended probation sentence. c. intermediate sentence. d. split sentence. Answer: c Answer: c Answer: c The way in which changes in crime rates affect the correctional system is straightforward and comprehensible. a. True b.

What model of corrections was used at the time Josh was sentenced? a. The crime-control model b. The medical model c. The community-corrections model d. The Auburn system Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a The effectiveness of corrections is usually measured by _____________. a. crime rates b. rates of recidivism c. probation rates d. uniform crime rates Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b According to

With the rise of the labor movement, many state legislatures have passed new laws making the sale of prisoner-made goods easier so that competition is fair for all in a given market. a. True b. False Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False A ________________ is a correctional facility used to house pretrial detainees and those sentenced

Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham were proponents of which major goal of punishment? a. incapacitation b. deterrence c. retribution d. rehabilitation Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b Juveniles tend to commit crimes a. in groups. b. alone. c. at night. d. on the weekends. Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a Formal constraints, the legal conditions of probation, whether standard, punitive, or treatment, are set by

Both male and female state prisons are classified according to the level of security deemed necessary. a. True b. False Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False Transactional analysis focuses on the roles that people play with others. a. True b. False Answer: True Answer: True Answer: True What programming option would you suggest for Tia? a. Parenting from the Inside b. Anger Management c. Domestic

What type of supervision is Eva on? a. probation b. parole c. none d. pretrial diversion Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a In Europe before the 1200s a crime was determined to be a private affair, with vengeance to be carried out by the victim or the victim's family on the offender. This principle of punishment was

According to your authors, which of the following is NOT one of the three P's of corrections? a. parole b. prisons c. punishment d. probation Answer: c Answer: c Answer: c According to the text, there are five differences between juveniles and adults that justify a separate justice system. Which of the following is NOT one of the differences? a.

Which of the following statement does not apply to Chris? a. He would benefit from psychological programming. b. He would benefit from educational programming. c. His behaviors have shown he does not fit in with the prison subculture. d. He has conformed to the adaptive role of doing time. Answer: d Answer: d Answer: d By far

Which prison design is organized to permit inmates and visitors as much freedom as is consistent with the concept of incarceration? a. minimum security b. medium security c. courtyard style d. campus style Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a "The hole" is a nickname for what? a. administrative segregation b. protective custody c. minimum security d. recreation Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a Typically the

Under the Gregg decision, states must have ________ hearings to determine guilt and the proper sentence. a. bifurcated b. trifurcated c. subjective d. no Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a In the prison setting line personnel have direct contact with the inmates. a. True b. False Answer: True Answer: True Answer: True Government seizure of property and other assets derived from or used in

The majority of adult prisons in the United States are located in ________ areas. a. urban b. suburban c. municipal d. rural Answer: d Answer: d Answer: d _______________________are directly concerned with furthering the institution's goals. They have direct contact with the prisoners. Such personnel include the custody force, industry and agricultural supervisors, counselors, and medical technicians. a. Professional

Juvenile delinquents disproportionately suffer from learning disabilities. a. True b. False Answer: True Answer: True Answer: True According to the text, the most severe sanction that can be handed out by a disciplinary committee is the a. revocation of accumulated good time. b. confinement in administrative segregation. c. addition of more prison time. d. revocation of parole. Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b Most

Nick was arrested and charged with assault at the age of seventeen. He appeared before the court and was adjudicated for the offense. Nick was ordered to perform forty hours of community work service and ordered to serve a weekend in a detention center. In the juvenile court, Nick is identified

____________ sentences are usually reserved for certain types of offenders, including those who commit violent offenses and serious drug offenses and habitual offenders. a. Determinate b. Presumptive c. Mandatory d. Indeterminate Answer: c Answer: c Answer: c The population of drug offenders in US prisons has increased by over ________ percent since 1980. a. 300 b. 400 c. 500 d. 700 Answer: d Answer: d Answer:

A drug that reduces craving for heroin is known as a. methadone. b. methamphetamine. c. antabuse. d. an opiate. Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a ____________ is a system of government in which power and responsibilities are divided between one national government and multiple state governments. a. a monarchy b. a democracy c. federalism d. communism Answer: c Answer: c Answer: c Which of the following

Which of the following prison designs is most often used today for maximum-security prisons in the United States? a. radial b. telephone pole c. courtyard style d. campus style Answer: c Answer: c Answer: c Jails are considered to be the _________ corrections. a. bright point of b. entryway to c. dark side of d. ultimate barrier to Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b Women offenders

Pretrial detainees a. have not been convicted of the crimes they are being held on. b. have no rights. c. typically have medical insurance. d. rarely have substance abuse issues. Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a Inmates who assist other inmates in preparing necessary legal documents or give other help in legal matters are referred to as

Due to the rising US health costs, the increasing number of ____________ offenders may become a major problem for corrections within the next decade. a. sex b. HIV/AIDS-infected c. elderly d. situational Answer: c Answer: c Answer: c Jail practices in the United States descend directly from feudal practices in twelfth-century Ireland. a. True b. False Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False Excluding

The first decision made in juvenile court is whether or not to file a petition of juvenile jurisdiction. However, nearly ________ of the referrals to juvenile court do not result in a petition. a. two-thirds b. one-third c. one-half d. one-fifth Answer: c Answer: c Answer: c Correctional officers often report that the aspect of their work they like

Because of the heinous nature of the crime, the US Supreme Court has upheld that those convicted of the rape of a child can in fact be given the sentence of death. a. True b. False Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False The concept of deterrence assumes that people think rationally before they act. a. True b. False Answer:

The most frequently used form of criminal punishment used in the United States is incarceration. a. True b. False Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False Which of the following is NOT one of the four factors that make managing prisons different from administering other public institutions? a. the limited rewards and punishments b. the strength of inmate leadership c.

When moved from the unit Ben was residing in, where was he moved to? a. specialized facility b. segregation c. nursing home d. halfway house Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a Which of the following men was NOT one of the early pioneers of parole? a. Sir Walter Crofton b. Jeremy Bentham c. Alexander Maconochie d. Zebulon Brockway Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b In