Which of the following prison designs is most often used today for maximum-security
prisons in the United States?
a. radial
b. telephone pole
c. courtyard style
d. campus style
Jails are considered to be the _________ corrections.
a. bright point of
b. entryway to
c. dark side of
d. ultimate barrier to
Women offenders have received a tremendous amount of attention from research
scholars since the early nineteenth century.
a. True
b. False
______________ refers to a series of organizational positions in order of authority, with
each person receiving orders from the person immediately above and issuing orders to
the one immediately below.
a. Unity of command
b. Span of control
c. Chain of command
d. Hierarchical command
The custodial model of corrections emphasizes the provision of treatment programs
designed to reform the offender.
a. True
b. False
Private investigative firms have recently begun to provide judges with PSIs.
a. True
b. False
Probation officers rely upon their power because they have little substantive authority
over their clients.
a. True
b. False
The money Katie is ordered to pay is known as
a. restitution.
b. debt.
c. fine.
d. fee.
__________ power stresses the application or threat of physical force in order to gain
compliance.
a. Normative
b. Coercive
c. Formal
d. Remunerative
Judicial reprieve in the United States___________________.
a. was used only for juvenile offenders
b. was the source of widespread judicial corruption
c. was never enacted and used
d. was declared unconstitutional in 1916
Which is not a criterion that guides release decisions?
a. age and gender
b. insight into causes of past criminal conduct
c. history of community adjustment
d. physical, mental and emotional health
Why would Peyton not apply for an entry-level corrections position?
a. It is likely to have a low starting salary.
b. She’s not a good fit to work in corrections.
c. Females can”t work in corrections.
d. She lacks the proper education for working in corrections.
A correctional officer is an example of staff personnel.
a. True
b. False
Homosexual activity is NOT forbidden in prison.
a. True
b. False
More than half of the inmates on death row are _______________.
a. Caucasian
b. African American
c. Latino
d. Asian
Critics state that eliminating discretionary parole has had a major effect on lowering the
national crime rate.
a. True
b. False
The first successful prisoners’ rights cases of the 1970s involved
a. a lack of recreational opportunities.
b. brutality and inhumane living conditions.
c. freedom of speech issues.
d. religious expression rights.
Which of the following is NOT one of the challenges facing the future of corrections?
a. reinvigorating a new correctional leadership
b. rehabilitating offenders
c. refocusing our investments in what works
d. reclaiming the moral and ethical high road
Mental illness is more likely among offenders convicted of ________________
offenses and less likely among those convicted of _____________ offenses.
a. drug; violent
b. violent; drug
c. drug; property
d. property; drug
According to the text, inmates find litigation effective and satisfying.
a. True
b. False
What type of offense did Austin most likely commit?
a. violent
b. drug
c. property
d. financial
______________involves a variety of interpersonal techniques that increase the
effectiveness of correctional treatment, by having the probation officer interact with the
client in ways that promote the client’s stake in the change process.
a. Direct questioning
b. Motivational interviewing
c. Directed interrogation
d. Rational assessment
Formal constraints are the legal conditions of probation.
a. True
b. False
What is the report the judge used called?
a. Presentence Investigation
b. Post sentence Investigation
c. Sentencing Guidelines Report
d. Biography of the Defendant
According to the text, boot camps are designed for what type of offender?
a. young
b. violent
c. career criminals
d. female
According to the text, correctional officers must
a. be at least 18″21 years of age.
b. have at least one felony conviction.
c. have a masters degree.
d. want to punish inmates with the use of force.
In your own words, explain the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLPA) and the relevance
of the three-strikes provision as is relates to inmate lawsuits.
What two special accommodations does Ben have?
a. medical and housing
b. programming and housing
c. medical and programming
d. Ben is not in need of any special accommodations.
According to the text, the US correctional system today is far more ____________ than
it has been for a long time, maybe forever.
a. punitive
b. lenient
c. disorganized
d. structured
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding male and female prison
subcultures?
a. Men rarely share form close personal relationships with prison staff, but many
women chose to get close to and share information with their keepers.
b. Men tend to segregate themselves by race; this is less true for women.
c. Women’s prison populations are divided by security levels for their safety; men serve
time in facilities where the population is mixed.
d. Women are more responsive to prison programs than men.
What is meant by invisible punishments? List and explain four of these invisible
punishments. Why are these considered to be excessively punitive for the convicted
offender?
Answer:N/A
The expanding categories of ___________ populations have very real consequences for
correctional staff, management, and inmate society.
Explain what a pseudofamily is and why female offenders form them while in prison.
Also explain why male offenders do not form pseudofamilies while in prison.
Answer:N/A
Most jails are administered by ____________ governments.
List and explain the four most important adjustment supports necessary for a prisoner’s
reentry into society. Be sure to explain how these adjustments may lead to a more
successful reentry. What does the corrections system do to facilitate these supports?
Answer:N/A
__________________ are a variety of punishments used by the courts that are more
restrictive than traditional probation but less severe and costly than incarceration.
Don’t exploit inmates and don’t quarrel with fellow inmates are examples of elements of
the ___________________.
Please list, explain, and give examples of the four major goals of punishment.
Answer:N/A
In the United States, ___________ is the most commonly imposed sanction.
The _________ model of corrections is based on the assumption that criminal behavior
is caused by social, psychological, or biological deficiencies that require treatment.
Transactional _____________ focuses on the roles that people play with others.
A ______________ is an independent businessperson who provides bail money for a
fee.
A writ of habeas corpus requests an examination of the legality of____________.
As facilities to detain accused people awaiting trial, jails customarily have been run by
law enforcement officials known as ___________.
The penal codes of the national and state governments contain statutes defining
______________ behavior.