1. Which of the following terms is best described as the ability to obtain compliance by manipulating symbolic rewards?
a.
normative power
b.
coercive power
c.
formal power
d.
remunerative power
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.0801 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
2. According to Charles Logan, the purpose of ________ is to “punish offenders – fairly and justly – through lengths of
confinement proportionate to the gravity of the offense.“
a.
b.
c.
d.
b
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
3. According to the textbook, which of the following is NOT one of the missions of the confinement model?
a.
Keep them safe.
b.
Keep them in line.
c.
Keep them busy.
d.
Keep them isolated.
d
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
4. _______________________are directly concerned with furthering the institution’s goals. They have direct contact with
the prisoners. Such personnel include the custody force, industry and agricultural supervisors, counselors, and medical
technicians.
a.
Professional staff
b.
Line personnel
c.
Prison consultants
d.
Administrative staff
b
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
5. ________________ is a management principle holding that a supervisor can effectively oversee only a limited number
of subordinates.
a.
Unity of command
b.
Span of control
c.
Chain of command
d.
Hierarchical command
b
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
6. ________________ is a management principle holding that a subordinate should report to only one supervisor.
a.
Unity of command
b.
Span of control
c.
Chain of command
d.
Hierarchical command
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
7. ________ are central to prisoner management as correctional officers cannot have total control over the inmates.
a.
Sanctions
b.
Regulations
c.
Negotiations
d.
Custodial policies
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
8. ______________________ theory states that for a prison system to operate effectively, officials must tolerate minor
infractions, relax security measures, and allow inmate leaders to keep order.
a.
Administrative-control
b.
Officer-balance
c.
Prisoner-control
d.
Inmate-balance
d
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
9. _____________________ support line personnel. They usually work under the deputy warden for management,
handling accounting, training, purchasing, etc.
a.
Professional staff
b.
Union officers
c.
Prison consultants
d.
Staff personnel
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
10. According to the text, the most severe sanction that can be handed out by a disciplinary committee is the
a.
revocation of accumulated good time.
b.
confinement in administrative segregation.
c.
addition of more prison time.
d.
revocation of parole.
b
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
11. Which of the following is NOT one of the four factors that make managing prisons different from administering other
public institutions?
a.
the limited rewards and punishments
b.
the strength of inmate leadership
c.
the issue of safety
d.
the defects of total power
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
12. _____________________ theory states that prison disorder results from unstable, divided, or otherwise weak
management.
a.
Administrative-control
b.
Officer-balance
c.
Prisoner-control
d.
Inmate-balance
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
13. A structure established for the purpose of influencing behavior in order to achieve particular ends is known as
a(n)________________ organization.
a.
closed
b.
formal
c.
self-contained
d.
informal
b
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
14. __________ power stresses the application or threat of physical force in order to gain compliance.
a.
Normative
b.
Coercive
c.
Formal
d.
Remunerative
b
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
15. ___________ power is a way of gaining compliance in exchange for material resources.
a.
Normative
b.
Coercive
c.
Formal
d.
Remunerative
d
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
16. ______________ refers to a series of organizational positions in order of authority, with each person receiving orders
from the person immediately above and issuing orders to the one immediately below.
a.
Unity of command
b.
Span of control
c.
Chain of command
d.
Hierarchical command
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
17. The relationship between staff and prisoners is one of________________.
a.
exchange
b.
service
c.
power
d.
discipline
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
18. What category of personnel comprises the majority of an institution’s employees?
a.
program
b.
custodial
c.
professional
d.
support
b
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
19. Correctional officers often rely on __________ and ________ to gain cooperation.
a.
promises; fear
b.
confinement; force
c.
rewards; punishments
d.
fear; confinement
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
20. Serious violations can earn prisoners a ________, a disciplinary report forwarded to a higher authority for action.
a.
reprimand
b.
warning
c.
ticket
d.
receipt
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
21. Which of the following is NOT one of the major sources of prison violence?
a.
prisoner–prisoner
b.
prisoner–officer
c.
officer–prisoner
d.
officer–officer
d
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
Bloom’s: Remember
22. Which of the following is NOT one of the three characteristics that underlie prison behavior?
a.
Age
b.
education level
c.
race
d.
attitudes
b
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
Bloom’s: Remember
23. For many victims of prison violence, ______________ is the only way to escape further abuse.
a.
fighting back
b.
death
c.
joining a gang
d.
protective custody
d
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
Bloom’s: Remember
24. The most common form of prison violence in America is ____________ violence.
a.
prisoner–prisoner
b.
prisoner–officer
c.
officer–prisoner
d.
officer–officer
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
Bloom’s: Remember
25. Aside from physical injury, an attack by an inmate on an officer can later compromise an officer’s _____________,
which can often leave administrators with no other choice than to transfer the officer to tower duty.
a.
reliability
b.
integrity
c.
authority
d.
power
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
Bloom’s: Remember
26. The organizational structure of correctional institutions has changed very little over time.
a.
True
b.
False
False
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
27. A correctional officer is an example of staff personnel.
a.
True
b.
False
False
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
28. Correctional institutions are more humanely administered today than they were forty years ago.
a.
True
b.
False
True
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
29. Administrative control theory is a prison governance theory that states that, for a prison system to operate effectively,
officials must tolerate minor infractions, relax security measures, and allow inmate leaders to keep order.
a.
True
b.
False
False
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
30. Correctional officers often rely on rewards and punishments to gain cooperation.
a.
True
b.
False
True
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
31. Physical coercion is never used to control prisoners.
a.
True
b.
False
False
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
32. On entering a prison, a new inmate receives no instruction on what is expected of him or her.
a.
True
b.
False
False
Governing Prisons
Bloom’s: Remember
33. Prison disorder, including riots, staff murders, escapes, and inmate homicides, is more rare today than in the 1970s and
1980s.
a.
True
b.
False
True
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
Bloom’s: Remember
34. In terms of the different types of management strategies, flexible and adaptive managerial approaches are most
effective at maintaining low levels of prison disorder.
a.
True
b.
False
True
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
35. Line personnel directly support staff personnel.
a.
True
b.
False
False
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
36. The idea that prison disorder results from unstable, divided, or otherwise weak management is known as the
_____________________ theory.
administrative control
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
37. ________ personnel are directly concerned with furthering custody goals of the prison.
Line
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
38. Custodial officers act like __________ with regard to most prison rules.
police officers
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
39. A series of organizational positions in order of authority, with each person receiving orders from the one immediately
above and issuing orders to the one immediately below, is known as the ________________.
chain of command
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
40. The ability to obtain compliance by manipulating symbolic rewards is known as _________ power.
normative
Formal Organizations
41. Much of the American public believes that prisons are run in a(n) ______________ manner.
42. In the traditional prison of the big-house era, administrators enlisted the assistance of __________ to help maintain
order.
43. The most severe sanction that can be handed out by a prison disciplinary committee is confinement in
_______________.
44. ______________, the concept of male honor and the sacredness of one’s reputation as a man, requires physical
retaliation against those who insult one’s honor.
45. ____________ is the way someone behaves in accordance with an order or directive given by another person.
46. Define and compare line and staff personnel. Give an example of each. Discuss the roles of both groups including any
conflicts that can occur between the two.
47. List, explain, and give examples of the three main types of prison violence in the United States.
48. Identify the three main principles that explain how the hierarchy of structured organizations functions. Explain each
concept, give an example of each, and discuss how they contribute to effective organizational management.
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Apply
49. Define the phrase “exchange relationships.” How are these relationships used in corrections? Finally, list and explain
the three major assumptions that are necessary for accommodative relationships between inmates and correctional officers
to exist.
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Apply
50. Prison gangs are also referred to as
a.
security threat groups.
b.
trouble making groups.
c.
violent groups.
d.
organized inmate groups.
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
Bloom’s: Remember
51. According to the text, correctional officers must
a.
be at least 18–21 years of age.
b.
have at least one felony conviction.
c.
have a masters degree.
d.
want to punish inmates with the use of force.
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
52. According to the text, a bachelor’s degree and three years experience is required to work as a correctional officer in
a.
a federal prison.
b.
any prison.
c.
all jails.
d.
boot camps.
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
53. In most institutions, the custodial force has graded ranks similar to
a.
the military.
b.
the private sector.
c.
hospital management.
d.
academic institutions.
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
54. Who is ultimately responsible for the operation of the institution?
a.
warden
b.
captain
c.
deputy warden
d.
program manager
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
55. Obedience to an order or request is known as compliance.
a.
True
b.
False
True
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
56. In the prison setting line personnel have direct contact with the inmates.
a.
True
b.
False
True
Formal Organizations
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
57. The warden normally reports to the governor.
a.
True
b.
False
False
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
58. Most states do not require correctional officer cadets to complete any training program.
a.
True
b.
False
False
Prison Staff
Bloom’s: Remember
59. Correctional officers enforce the rules and regulations of the institution.
a.
True
b.
False
True
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
60. Most prison violence occurs between ___________.
inmates
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
61. Security threat groups are also known as prison ___________.
gangs
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
62. For many victims of prison violence ______________ custody is the only way to escape further abuse.
protective
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
63. The ability to obtain compliance by the application or threat of physical force is known as ____________ power.
coercive
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
64. The span of ____________ refers to the extent of supervision by one person.
control
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
65. ______________ personnel support line personnel.
Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.01 – 08.01
Bloom’s: Remember
66. Manage the budget, manage human resources, and manage critical incidents are primary duties and task of a prison
________________.
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Remember
67. Today ______________ based training play a significant role in developing correctional leaders’ knowledge and
skills.
Prison Staff
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
68. Correctional officers often rely on rewards and punishment to gain _________________.
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
69. Prisons seem to function more ________________ now than they have in the past.
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Remember
70. The text lists five factors that contribute to prison violence. Identify three of these and explain how they contribute to
violence in prison.
Violence in Prison
Corr.Clea.15.08.04 – 08.04
Bloom’s: Understand
Chris is an inmate in a maximum security prison. He received a verbal reprimand for not keeping his cell clean. Two
days later, he was found in possession of two cartons of cigarettes, which are contraband in the prison. The discipline
committee sanctioned Chris by placing him in “the hole” for sixty days. Upon his release from “the hole,” he was placed
in a special unit for his safety as it was believed by the other inmates that Chris snitched and told prison staff who was
smuggling the cigarettes into the prison.
71. Receiving a verbal reprimand as a consequence for breaking an institution rule is an example of a
a.
minor violation.
b.
major violation.
c.
poor choice by the correctional officer.
d.
abuse of correctional officer power.
Governing Prisons
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Apply
72. Sanctioning Chris to “the hole” indicates he committed what type of rule infraction?
a.
major violation
b.
minor violation
c.
no violation
d.
unethical violation
Governing Prisons
Chris
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Apply
73. “The hole” is a nickname for what?
a.
administrative segregation
b.
protective custody
c.
minimum security
d.
recreation
Governing Prisons
Chris
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Apply
74. After his release from “the hole,” Chris was placed where?
a.
protective custody
b.
administrative segregation
c.
minimum security
d.
boot camp
Governing Prisons
Chris
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Apply
Jesse James is the warden of a prison. His philosophy allows for staff to tolerate minor infractions and allow inmate
leadership. Correctional officers grant and deny privileges to gain compliance from the inmates.
75. What philosophy does Warden James exercise?
a.
inmate balance theory
b.
inmate control theory
c.
officer control theory
d.
officer balance theory
Governing Prisons
Jesse James
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Apply
76. What technique are the correctional officers using?
a.
rewards and punishment
b.
blood in, blood out
c.
turn the other way
d.
see no evil, hear no evil
Governing Prisons
Jesse James
Corr.Clea.15.08.03 – 08.03
Bloom’s: Apply
Sue Smith began her career in corrections working in a cell block of a high security prison. After five years, she became a
training officer. Six years later, she was promoted to a position where she headed the education program for the prison.
Seven years later, she was again promoted to her current position of overseeing all the operations of the prison.
77. What was Sue Smith’s first job at the prison?
a.
correctional officer
b.
warden
c.
deputy warden
d.
teacher
Prison Staff
Sue Smith
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Apply
78. When Sue Smith was working as a training officer, she was considered what?
a.
staff personnel
b.
warden
c.
commissioner
d.
correctional officer
Prison Staff
Sue Smith
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Apply
79. When Sue Smith was overseeing the education program for the prison, what position was she in?
a.
deputy warden
b.
correctional officer
c.
commissioner
d.
line staff
Prison Staff
Sue Smith
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Apply
80. What is Sue Smith’s current position?
a.
warden
b.
governor
c.
correctional officer
d.
chief
Prison Staff
Sue Smith
Corr.Clea.15.08.02 – 08.02
Bloom’s: Apply